1 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Back to School Reform

For schools in the New York City, this school year was met by a particular reform issue. It began in June of 2018, when, as part of an effort to fight the enduring problem of segregation(种族隔离), Mayor Bill de Blasio announced his intention     1    the testing requirement should be discontinued for admission to the city’s eight selective “élite” high schools. Then, late last month, the Advisory Group released a report     2     (suggest) that the city rethink its entire approach     3     identifying and educating high-achieving children. More accurately, it recommended replacing the gifted-and-talented programs with new initiatives     4    challenge premature children without relying on a test or academic tracking. However, Asian-American parents fearing that the proposed change     5    (disadvantage) their children filed a lawsuit to block it.

Testing holds great attraction     6     it is neutral, indifferent to a student’s background and wealth. But this is not     7    the current system functions. Success is closely related to socioeconomic advantages and access to test preparation. For example, Asian-American students tend     8    (rate) lower on the most subjective parts of college admissions evaluations.

It’s not clear what the result of the current debate will be. One thing, however, is certain: the competition for places at New York’ chools     9    (drive), in part, by a lack of faith in the quality of education in other parts of the system. Also, it is seen as a conflict between different social groups fighting for a system in which their children are     10    (likely) to be restricted by discrimination.

2 . 语法填空

After starting a piggy bank (存钱罐) to save up for a snowmobile (摩托雪橇), one five-year- old girl didn’t hesitate (犹豫) to give     1     all away when she realized someone else needed the money more than she did.

This past October, Jackie noticed her 5-year-old granddaughter, Sunshine,     2     (empty) her piggy bank and was     3     (great) surprised when she found out     4     she planned to do with the money. She was taking it to school for milk. Jackie explained that she     5     (pay) for Sunshine’s milk for the month already, but Sunshine looked at her granny. “I am taking milk money to school for my friend, because my friend’s mother doesn’t have money to buy milk,     6     I want my friend to get it, too,” Sunshine offered the     7     (explain). Since Sunshine’s act, Hausher, the teacher, started a GoFundMe account     8     (raise) money to pay     9     milk for her entire class for the second term. In just a month, she’s raised over $ 13,500.

“The money will help Sunshine to make sure her friend gets milk,” Jackie explained. “Thanks to Sunshine’s act of kindness for one student, it has grown so much that it now includes everyone, which     10     (make) me happy,” Hausher added.

3 . 语法填空

Growing up in a poor neighborhood     1     （great） reduces the chances that a child will graduate from high school, according to a study. And the     2    （long） a child lives in that kind of neighborhood, the more harmful the effect will be.

The study by Geoffrey Wodtke and David Harding of American universities is the first     3    （discover） it.       4    （compare） to growing up in normal neighborhoods, growing up in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty and unemployment reduces the chances of high school     5    （graduate） from 96% to 76% for black children. The effect on white children is also harmful, but not as large,    6    （reduce） their chances of graduating from 95% to 87%.

Edward, a famous journalist said, “     7     seems that an immediate effort from the government     8    （need） for neighborhood improvement in order to solve the problems     9     we found in our study. Great neighborhoods may have a great impact     10     children’s development many years or even generations later. “

4 . 语法填空

This is the River Thames. It is almost 346 kilometres long, and is the second     1    （long）river in Great Britain. It flows through London, and it’s this part of the river that most     2    （tourist）see.

But there’s more to the Thames than a trip down the river. The Romans     3    （build）a settlement on the River Thames, and over the     4    （century）it grew into the City of London, with     5     huge port. Ships from around the world brought food, goods and people     6     the capital.

But by the 1980s, most of the docks had closed and the area became run-down. A lot of money has been invested in this huge riverside area. And today it is     7    （know）as “ Docklands” . The old water houses are now     8    （attract）apartments. There are new office buildings, shopping centres and leisure facilities, too. People live and work by the river     9    （happy）.

People also enjoy     10    （live）on the water！This is a houseboat on the Thames.

5 . 课文语法填空

“     1     you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the book The Secret Garden, first     2    （publish）in 1911. At that time, only the very rich in Britain     3    （have）gardens. However, today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “ green fingers” ，    4     around half the population spending most of their free time gardening. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which     5    （grow）things. Today, there are over 4,000 people in London     6    （wait）for such pieces of land. One recent idea     7    （be）to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities     8    （green）and improve air quality. As well as being good for the     9    （environmental），gardening is also good     10     the soul.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During     1     Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and     2     （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to     3     （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it     4    （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send     5     （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code     6    （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised     7    （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their     8    （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing     9     the Navajo language. And the code,     10     connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Chinese Culture Center in Paris,     1    (locate) in downtown areas opposite the celebrated historic sites of Grand Palais and Petit Palais across the Seine River,     2    (sit) next to a large number of grand handsome and elegant classical architectures that have witnessed the evolution of Paris at     3     (vary) historical stages. It conforms to(符合) the status of China, a great power with     4     lasting civilization of several thousand years in the East,     5     (set) the Chinese Cultural Center in this exact place.

The amazing progress in     6     (smooth) selecting the site for the Chinese Culture Center and putting it into     7     (operate) in downtown Paris in such a short period was due to high priority of the Chinese government and constructive cooperation of the French party. Wu Jianmin, Chinese ambassador to France,   said     8    excitement, “We have our own cultural center in Paris at last,     9    we have eventually realized the long cherished wish of my predecessor(前任) in the Chinese embassy.” Hou Xianghua, the first director of the Chinese Cultural Center in Paris, said the center will stick to its “non-governmental” nature and greet people from all     10     (walk) of life, in addition to serving the mainstream society.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It's a touching Christmas story, but not in the     1     (tradition) way. It’s about a seriously ill 5-year-old boy     2       died in Santa’s arms in Knoxville, Tennessee, in the United States.

Eric Schmitt-Matzen, 60, a part-time Santa, received a call     3     a nurse at a hospital several weeks ago, saying a dying 5-year-old boy wanted to see Santa Claus. Schmitt-Matzen dressed and rushed to the hospital. Walking into the boy’s room, he asked people       4       (leave)   if they couldn’t hold back their       5     (tear). He picked up the boy and held him in his arms.

“They say I’m going to die,” the boy told him       6     (sad). “What can I tell them when I get to where I’m going?”

Schmitt-Matzen said. “When you get there, you tell them you’re Santa’s Number One elf (小精灵), and they will let you in.”

The boy asked, “They will?” Then he     7    (sit) up and gave Schmitt-Matzen a big hug and asked one more question: “Santa, can you help me?” Schmitt-Matzen wrapped his arms around the boy. Before Schmitl-Matzen could say anything, the boy died right there. Santa let the boy stay, hugging and       8     (hold) onto him.

Schmitt-Matzen was       9       sad that he wanted to cry.

The story was printed, and people were       10     (move) when they read it.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China's icebreaker Xue Long will set sail from Shanghai to the Antarctic. Its captain Zhu Bing said that the icebreaker would first travel to the to－be－built new station before     1    (make) a short stop at Zhongshan station. One of its main tasks is to build another research station in the Antarctic.

Once     2    (complete), the new station would be the country's third year－round station in the Antarctic and the first to be lying     3     the border of the Pacific Ocean.     4     other two stations, the Great Wall Station and the Zhongshan Station,     5    (build) in the 1980s. “This time around, we will build a 206－square－meter temporary base, which includes rooms for workers and a platform for large engineering     6    (machine), to improve future construction work，” said Zhang Tijun of the Polar Research Institute of China,     7     is the assistant leader of the expedition.

Sun Bo, the deputy director of the institute, was     8    (confidence) to say that the construction of the station, which will     9    (certain) meet international criteria for environmental     10    (protect), will be finished as early as 2022.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Since July 2019, China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme     1     (carry) out a new service of picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai.

The service comes after     2     recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai. Individuals     3     throw away their garbage without being sorted out can be fined up to 200 yuan, while companies and     4     (organize) can face fines up to 50,000 yuan.

The trash takeaway service requires residents to sort     5     (they) own garbage before it     6     (pick) up by workers from Eleme, who will ensure the waste is disposed of in the correct garbage bins.

It’s obvious that this service is     7     (convenience) to the old, especially to the disabled customers.     8    , many netizens on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service, saying it just wants     9     (make) money. They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. Besides, many more people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing     10     the trash.