1 . My name is Miranda Gibson. I have been at the top of a tree for five months now. Some people might wonder
I have walked through this forest many times. On December 12, 2011,
Life in the tree top can be
Living on the tree has been inspiring. I am willing to
A.why | B.when | C.how | D.where |
A.water | B.animals | C.machinery | D.tourists |
A.bear | B.help | C.keep | D.spare |
A.sold | B.stolen | C.protected | D.lost |
A.grew out | B.fell short | C.ran out | D.let go |
A.refreshing | B.risky | C.challenging | D.rewarding |
A.get up | B.get away | C.give in | D.give up |
A.change | B.look | C.search | D.touch |
A.confused | B.nervous | C.sorry | D.lonely |
A.Beyond | B.Without | C.Despite | D.Unlike |
A.height | B.experience | C.background | D.position |
A.return | B.stop | C.stay | D.hide |
A.but | B.though | C.because | D.so |
A.soon | B.long | C.near | D.bad |
A.moved | B.logged | C.burned | D.missed |
2 . I was never very neat while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but my always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Overtime, Kate got neater and I got my merriser. She moved to push my dirty clothing over and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.
Who broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! why under my bed!” Suddenly I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.
The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up. She quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, crying. Obviously. that was something she could not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart.
Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bad. Cleaned the suckers and swept the floor even on her side. I got so absorbed into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching. Her tears dried and her expression was such disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me. “Thanks.”
Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.
1. What made Kate so angry one evening?A.She couldn’t find her books. |
B.She heard the writer shouting loud. |
C.She got the news that her grandma was ill. |
D.She saw the writer’s shoes beneath her bed. |
A.Because she was scared by Kate’s anger. |
B.Because she hated herself for being so messy. |
C.Because she wanted to show her care. |
D.Because she was asked by Kate to do so. |
A.By analyzing courses. |
B.By showing differences. |
C.By describing a process. |
D.By following time order. |
A.My Friend Kate. |
B.Hard Work Pays off. |
C.How to Be Organized? |
D.Learning to Be Roommates. |
3 . New Zealand has been home to many famous movies because of its breathtaking and unreal landscapes(风景). From rainforests and fish-filled rivers to magical caves, New Zealand has them all. Besides having the most beautiful landscapes on earth, New Zealand is a center for many exciting sports! Whatever purpose of your visit to the land is. there is certainly something for everyone!
Fiordland National Park
This park has some of the most beautiful landscapes of the country. If you are lucky enough to visit this place, you can explore the rainforests? the wide lakes» the hidden islands, and the flowing waterfalls. This national park is considered one of the best for hiking lovers.
Bay of Islands
This island is the most preferred by the tourists for holiday destination(目的地). It is located in the north of Auckland and is made up of more than 144 islands, making it a good place for sailing. The beautiful Bay of Islands is one of the most popular vacation destinations in the country.
Queenstown
Queenstown is the place for adventures! It is the go-to place for those who like rock climbing and skiing. However, this wonderful place doesn't only offer activities full of excitement but also first-class hotels, restaurants, and even the "Middle Earth" where Lord of the Rings was filmed.
Tongariro National Park
This national park can be found in the middle of North Island. It has New Zealand's largest lake passing right through it. It is one of the oldest national parks in the world but luckily it has been protected perfectly. Besides sightseeing, the national park also includes other activities such as camping and hiking.
1. What can you do in Fiordland National Park?A.Explore the rainforests. | B.Go sailing. |
C.Go skiing. | D.Climb the mountain. |
A.Queenstown. | B.Bay of Islands. |
C.Fiordland National Park. | D.Tongariro National Park. |
A.A research paper. | B.A report. |
C.A health magazine. | D.A guidebook. |
4 . From my earliest childhood memories, my mother was my entire world. Each Sunday morning, I would be
The family meals kept us
My mother’s life revolved around cooking for her
Looking back, my mom was the best version of herself. She exhibited excellent
And my mother’s focus on food excellence taught me a valuable lesson: Whatever your goals in life, perform them to the best of your abilities. Her
A.driven | B.annoyed | C.wakened | D.disturbed |
A.buy | B.eat | C.prepare | D.heat |
A.angry | B.nervous | C.frightened | D.focused |
A.relax | B.cook | C.engage | D.scare |
A.table | B.sofa | C.bed | D.window |
A.cool | B.close | C.warm | D.comfortable |
A.allowed | B.discussed | C.studied | D.limited |
A.Instead | B.Therefore | C.However | D.Otherwise |
A.family | B.children | C.parents | D.friend |
A.fast | B.conveniently | C.firmly | D.seriously |
A.bedroom | B.kitchen | C.bathroom | D.garden |
A.quiet | B.selfish | C.patient | D.generous |
A.contents | B.levels | C.instructions | D.places |
A.speaking | B.learning | C.teaching | D.cooking |
A.book | B.example | C.expression | D.voice |
5 . Database maintenance (数据库维护) is an activity designed to keep a database running smoothly. A number of different systems can be used to build and maintain databases. Databases are used to maintain a library of information in a well-organized, accessible format (格 式).They usually are not static (静态的),because changes are constantly being made as material is added, removed, and moved around. Over time, this can cause the database to start to go wrong. Database maintenance is used to keep the database clean and well-organized so that it will not lose functionality.
One important aspect of maintaining a database is simply backing up the data so that, if anything happens, there will be another copy available. Some database systems actually do this automatically and then send the backup to another location every day, every week, or within any other set period of time. Backups are usually not enough, however.
Database maintenance includes checking for signs of corruption in the database, looking for problem areas, and checking for any detail in the database that might signal a problem. The goal is to keep the database operating smoothly for users, so that ideally they never need to think about maintenance issues. A database that is not maintained can become slow, and people may start to experience problems when trying to access records.
The maintenance of databases is generally performed by people who are comfortable and familiar with the database system and the details of the particular database, although some maintenance tasks can be performed by people who do not have experience. Numerous textbooks are available with information about database management, including how to maintain databases properly. It is also possible to take courses to learn about different database systems and how to care for databases. People can also earn certifications in specific systems which indicate a high level of competence.
1. What can we know about databases?A.They are always well organized. | B.They are often changeable. |
C.They mainly serve the library. | D.They can organize news. |
A.Maintain a database. | B.Send a backup. |
C.Correct mistakes. | D.Back up data. |
A.To look for signs of breaking down. | B.To check for any detail. |
C.To make database run smoothly. | D.To ensure the safety of users. |
A.What database maintenance is. |
B.How people keep database operating smoothly. |
C.How people finish maintenance tasks well. |
D.Why database maintenance is important. |
6 . In the struggle to survive the ever hotter deserts of California, there are winners and losers. Among the losers are desert birds, whose populations have fallen among the heat stress of climate change. The winners, it turns out, are small burrowing mammals(穴居哺乳动物), which take refuge from the sun underground. Researchers noted that the stable mammals populations formed a striking contrast to the extremely bad condition of birds.
But why? Birds had a higher evaporative(蒸发)heat loss. Birds were more exposed to the effects of warming, so they had higher energy costs to maintain their body temperature. However, mammals were able to reduce their body temperature by using burrows during the day.
Temperatures have risen about 4 degrees Fahrenheit on average across the area studied, but the heat affects birds and small mammals differently. As part of the study, scientists modeled each species' body temperature and cooling needs under different desert conditions. To calculate that, they measured the conductivity(传导率)of the animals' fur or feathers, and used information on their heat reducing behaviors.
The models showed that in the fight against climate change, there was not a level playing field for furred and feathered desert animals. Cooling costs—or the resources needed to maintain stable body temperature—were about 3. 3 times higher for birds than they were for small mammals, the study reported.
Small mammals have shown this remarkable stability. It's really quite interesting that, in the same region, with the same level of climate change, these two species have responded very differently to the changes taking place. Insights into the status of different species can help scientists take steps to protect them, such as increasing fire prevention in high desert areas, and enhancing water sources in those areas. The study also demonstrates that climate change is already reshaping the California desert
1. Why can desert burrowing mammals survive better than desert birds?A.Burrowing mammals prefer to live in deserts. |
B.Burrowing mammals eat less during the day. |
C.Burrowing mammals' caves are natural shelters. |
D.Burrowing mammals live in the same community. |
A.Birds and small mammals respond differently to climate changes. |
B.Birds in the desert were defeated by climate changes. |
C.Animals living underground have higher cooling costs. |
D.Temperature rise affects the burrowing mammals little. |
A.Burrowing mammals may help birds during the day. |
B.Governments will improve water quality. |
C.Man will reshape the deserts to save themselves. |
D.Scientists can save species with scientific means. |
A.It's time to change the deserts into green fields. |
B.Desert birds are more likely to survive in deserts. |
C.Burrowing mammals' habitat needs improving greatly. |
D.Burrowing mammals survive climate change underground. |
7 . Jamin Crow waited silently for the bull moose (麋鹿) to turn and face him. In the cold, the teen stood with his gun resting on a branch. He waited and waited. Then the moose turned, and his brother started to yell, "Shoot!” If Crow didn't shoot, his brother would. So Crow took a deep breath and pulled the trigger. "I look at my brother and he's giving me the happiest look I've ever seen," he says.
Crow lives in Bethel, in the remote region of Alaska. For generations, his family has practiced subsistence (生存) hunting to get food on the table. The process hasn't changed much. The Crows use motor boats and snowmobiles to get to their moose camp which serves as a home base while they're on hunting trips. "Food is very expensive here. You have to ship everything up," Crow says. "We don't go out just for the antlers (鹿角).We're not looking for prize. We're not hunting for something big. We're looking for meat to feed our families. "
Crow is one of three Alaska Native students-along with Kaylee King and Ethan Lincoln — who recorded their hunting tradition before they graduated last spring. Their record was chosen as a finalist in this year's NPR Student Record Challenge. The three students say hunting helped them get through the isolation of the pandemic, when their schools and many other activities like sports were shut down because of COVIE-19. The students explain that, as time goes by, fewer and fewer people are practicing hunting.
"It makes me really sad because the way we used to do things is so different from how we do them now," Crow says. "Even our language is slowly fading away." For the students, the practice of hunting allows them to connect with older generations. "Whenever I go out hunting with my granny, I'm always hearing past stories about when my dad was a kid and he went hunting or my late grandpa how he would just take the family up." Crow says.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To reach a conclusion. |
B.To summarize the essay. |
C.To provide background information. |
D.To introduce the major character in the essay. |
A.It is popular with the youth. |
B.It is hard to give up the tradition. |
C.It is tough to keep this tradition alive. |
D.It is vital to share the tradition with friends. |
A.Sympathetic. | B.Tolerant. | C.Conservative. | D.Ambitious. |
A.Hunting in the wild is banned |
B.Students do hunting for fun |
C.Schools were shut down |
D.Students went traditional hunting |
8 . The best science fiction books of 2021
We take a look at the most exciting new science-fiction books of 2021. No matter what kind of science fiction fan you are, we're sure you'll find something to add to your reading list.
The Saints of Salvation
By Peter F. Hamilton
The Olyix have laid siege(围攻)to Earth, harvesting people for their god. Cities are ru¬ined by their weapons and millions have either fled to seek refuge in space or are fighting a war that seems unwinnable. As Earth's defeat draws ever closer, a team are sent to enter the Olyix's air-ship secretly. Their plan? This is the final science fiction in Peter F. Hamilton's extremely surprising series The Salvation Sequence.
A Desolation Called Peace
By Arkady Martine
This impressive sequel(续集)to Arkady Martinets Hugo Award-winning science fiction book sees the Teixcalaanli Empire facing an alien threat which could bring about its complete destruction. Fleet captain Nine Hibiscus sends a person to negotiate with the mysterious invaders...
Jack Four
By Neal Asher
Jack Four-one of twenty human clones-has been created to be sold. His purchasers are the aliens and they only want him for their experimentation program. But there is something different about Jack. No clone should possess the knowledge that's been loaded into his mind.
Rabbits
By Terry Miles
Rabbits is a secret, dangerous and sometimes deadly underground game. The rewards for winning are unclear, but there are rumors of money or it might unlock the universe's greatest secrets. Everyone knows that the deeper you get, the more deadly the game becomes-and the body count is rising. Since the game first started, ten rounds have taken place. The eleventh round is about to begin, and what happens in the game, stays in the game...
1. What can we know aboutThe Saints of Salvation?A.It's about the war among people on earth. |
B.The Olyix are defeated in the end. |
C.It belongs toThe Salvation Sequence. |
D.It's the last novel of Peter F. Hamilton. |
A.He gives the alien a complete destruction. |
B.He lets someone negotiate with the alien. |
C.He fights against the alien bravely. |
D.He makes the alien face a threat. |
A.In a book recommendation. | B.In an art magazine. |
C.In a biography. | D.In a novel |
9 . Convincing someone to change their mind is really the process of convincing them to change their tribe (部落). If they abandon their beliefs, they run the risk of losing social ties. You can’t expect someone to change their mind if you take away their community too.
The way to change people’s minds is to become friends with them, to combine them into your tribe, to bring them into your circle. Now, they can change their beliefs without the risk of being abandoned socially.
The British philosopher Alain de Botton suggests that we simply share meals with those who disagree with us: “Sitting down at a table with a group of strangers has the incomparable and odd benefit of making it a little more difficult to hate them without punishment. Prejudice and conflict between groups of people from different nations or races feed off abstraction. However, during a meal, something about handing dishes around, unfolding napkins (餐巾纸) at the same moment, even asking a stranger to pass the salt makes us less likely to hold the belief that the outsiders who wear unusual clothes and speak in distinctive accents deserve to be sent home or attacked. For all the large-scale political solutions which have been proposed to ease racial or cultural conflict, there are few more effective ways to promote tolerance between suspicious neighbours than to force them to eat supper together.”
Perhaps it is not difference, but distance that produces tribalism and unfriendliness. As proximity increases, so does understanding. I am reminded of Abraham Lincoln’s quote, “I don’t like that man. I must get to know him better.” Facts don’t change our minds. Friendship does.
The Japanese writer Haruki Murakami once wrote, “Always remember that to argue, and win, is to break down the reality of the person you are arguing against. It is painful to lose your reality, so be kind, even if you are right.”
When we are in the moment, we can easily forget that the goal is to connect with the other side, cooperate with them, befriend them, and integrate them into our tribe. We are so caught up in winning that we forget about connecting. It’s easy to spend your energy labeling people rather than working with them.
The word “kind (family and relatives)” originated from the word “kin (old fashion of family and relatives).” When you are kind to someone, it means you are treating them like family. This, I think, is a good method for actually changing someone’s mind. Develop a friendship. Share a meal. Gift a book. Be kind first, be right later.
1. People are likely to change their mind when they ________.A.change their beliefs | B.are made friends with |
C.move to a new community | D.are given somewhere to go |
A.pleases people with different beliefs or accents |
B.makes people focus on eating rather than conflicts |
C.brings benefits to the people having dinner together |
D.promotes understanding and tolerance among people |
A.Nearness. | B.Action. | C.Communication. | D.Politeness. |
A.breaking down one’s reality is easy |
B.kindness is more important than right |
C.arguing and winning are not important |
D.losing one’s identity is a painful process |
10 . A months-long rescue operation to save giraffes from Longicharo Island’s rising water in Kenya recently concluded after delivering the last two stranded giraffes to safety at the Ruko Community Wildlife Conservancy. Save Giraffes now partnered with Northern Rangelands Trust and local conservation agencies to transfer the Rothschild’s giraffes, one of the most endangered populations of giraffe.
To get the giraffes from the sinking island to the mainland nearly one mile away, community members built a “giraft”, a custom-made ship with tall sides, supported by 60 empty drums. The giraffes were transferred one at a time. “Water levels in Lake Baringo have been rising for some time, but in 2020 the rate of rise increased — flooding lakeshore homes, businesses, and threatening the lives of a small group of Rothschild’s giraffes on Longicharo Island, in Ruko Conservancy,” Northern Rangelands Trust said in a statement.
“At last, they can safely breed (繁殖) and bring back the population of the free-ranging Rothschild’s giraffes to their former home ranges in Baringo. It’s such a relief for all involved to have gotten them safely across to the mainland and we are sure they’re enjoying the space in their new home,” he said.
Rothschild’s giraffes were once widespread across Kenya, Uganda and southern Sudan, but numbers have decreased by 80%, leaving only 3,000 in the wild today. But there is hope, given by innovative (创新的) conservation teamwork such as this.
“Working with the communities in the area over the next several years, we will keep this combined group of giraffes safe, and as they breed, their numbers will grow over time, eventually rejoining their cousins in Uganda,” Save Giraffes Now said in a statement.
1. What does the underlined word “stranded” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Weak. | B.Trapped. |
C.Lonely. | D.Frightened. |
A.It is short of advanced equipment. |
B.It operates very efficiently. |
C.It works with the local government. |
D.It aims to save all endangered animals. |
A.Near Lake Baringo. |
B.On Longicharo Island. |
C.In Kenya, Uganda and southern Sudan. |
D.At the Ruko Community Wildlife Conservancy. |
A.The giraffes are endangered in Kenya. |
B.Two giraffes have been saved in Kenya. |
C.The Rothschild’s giraffes are finally found. |
D.The population of giraffes decreased. |