1 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.

But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.

According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.

To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.

“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.

Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.

It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.

1. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?

A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.

B．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.

C．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.

D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.

2. Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment?

A．To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms.

B．To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high.

C．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high.

D．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released.

3. What does the underlined word “notion” mean?

A．Effect.

B．Goal.

C．Opinion.

D．Question

4. What can we know about regular workouts according to the UK’s National Health Service?

A．They can help ease depression symptoms.

B．They are the best way to treat depression.

C．They only work for those with serious depression.

D．They can help people completely recover from depression.

2 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Hannah tightened her helmet, a man's voice boomed from the louder-speakers: "Participants in the Five-Mile Junior Fat-tire Race. Please gather behind the orange flags."

Her heart was filled with excitement. First prize was a mountain bike. On a bike like that, she'd fly through the woods.

"Three, two, one, go!"

The lead--dut(引路人) made turn onto section of single track(小道) and gathered speed. girl with red hair rolled in behind him. The lead-out sped up again. Hannah slowed down for the hill, following close behind the red-haired girl, but the girl was gaining speed.

Hannah sped up and pedaled(骑行) the downhill section. Still, the red-haired- girl biked faster. They crossed wooden bridge. The lead-out and the girl disappeared behind a thick stand of trees. When Hannah glanced over her shoulder, she saw nobody behind her.

Hannah watched for the orange arrows(箭头) marking the course and biked through the muddy fields. "The girl might still get tired, "she thought. Then Hannah saw her. At the edge of the forest, the girl was bending her knees by her bike, the lead-out next to her. The girl must have gotten a flat. Hannah biked faster. She didn't slow down the hill but pedaled harder. She wiped the sweat from her eyes, breathless. The lead-out noticed her and jumped on his bike. Hannah was close enough now to see the girl putting the chain on the chain ring

Hannah felt energy flowing through her as she followed the lead-out past the girl into the woods. Maybe she could win.

In the middle of a small grassland, Hannah looked back. The girl was coming up behind her at crazy speed.

Hannah reached fork(岔路) in the trail. The lead-out- was nowhere in sight, but on her left was the sign with the orange arrow. When she turned, her foot slipped off the pedal, and she accidentally kicked the sign over
注意:
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右;
2.应使用至少5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.续写部分分为二段,每段的开头语已经为你写好:
4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph1:

“I need to stop and fix the sign, or the other racer might get lost.” She thought .

Paragraph 2:

Looking at the shining mountain bike, Hannah felt like crying

3 . Improving as a runner is about more than just running all of the time.    1    In that case, you can make large improvements as a runner in a relatively short time, no matter what your sport, race, or running habits.

    2    It is common for runners to push themselves about the same amount each time, running similarly challenging runs and gradually increasing difficulty. Outstanding runners, however, alternate(交替)an easy, resting run with a very challenging one. It is during these difficult runs，when you really push yourself, that your body snakes the most significant gains.    3    Rather, it is helping rebuild and relax the muscles needed for your big runs.

Keep a relaxed but strong upper body to conserve energy efficiently. You want to keep your chin(下巴)up and your shoulders back, with loose, relaxed arm and hand muscles. Your elbows are bent at 90 degrees but swing freely. If anything, the only muscles you want to focus on keeping strong and tight are the ones in your core(核心).    4    

Use your light run to work up a light sweat. A higher body temperature ensures your muscles are loose and flexible, and your body is pumping blood effectively throughout. For everything other than easy runs, use the first five to ten minutes to build a light sweat and get your body ready for exercise.    5    Slowly pick up speed for short 10 second runs, then return to normal warm-up pace. This helps prepare your muscles for speed.

A．Don't feel like an easy day is "cheating".

B．Alternate easy and hard runs to build strength rapidly.

C．Even five minutes of walking is a good way to get started.

D．"Warming up" truly means you want to warm up your body.

E．You are to pay a little attention to details and a smart training plan.

F．That's because this will naturally help you efficiently channel energy.

G．Remember to relax your face and neck muscles instead of tensing them

4 . Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

1. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

A．They must run long distances.

B．They are qualified for the marathon.

C．They have to follow special rules.

D．They are good at swinging their legs.

2. What advantage does race walking have over running?

A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.

B．It’s less challenging physically.

C．It’s more effective in body building.

D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

3. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

A．Getting experts’ opinions.

B．Having a medical checkup.

C．Hiring an experienced coach.

D．Doing regular exercises.

4. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

A．Skeptical.	B．Objective.
C．Tolerant.	D．Conservative.

5 . For the first time in 10 years, the United States government has changed its guidance on how much exercise people need to stay healthy and when they should start.

For children and teens

The new guidance states that the most important time for children to begin exercising is between the ages of 3 and 5.     1     That could be light activities, moderate activities, or even vigorous(剧烈的)activities.

Doctors say it is important to start young.They add that from birth to age 5, a child’s brain develops more than at any other time in life.     2     Also, children who start exercising at a young age are more likely to establish healthy behaviors they will continue into adulthood.

But that does not mean putting a small kid on a treadmill(跑步机)or other exercise equipment.     3       After all, it's a kid’s nature to play freely and happily.

    4     But it shouldn’t be less than one hour a day three times a week.Their activities should mostly be aerobic(有氧的)exercise, such as biking, swimming or running, which can strengthen the heart and lungs.Such exercise should also include muscle-and-bone-strengthening activities；such as climbing trees or playground equipment and playing sports.

For adults

For adults, the guidelines recommend exercising 150 minutes a week. That could be walking, gardening, dancing, etc.    5     Experts say that even short amounts of aerobic exercise can provide health benefits, such as lowering blood pressure, reducing anxiety and improving sleep.

A．Any kind of activity that gets people exercising will do.

B．Aerobic activity works only if it lasts for at least 10 minutes.

C．Simply giving a kid the time and space to play actively is enough.

D．Children above 5 can have a relatively shorter time for daily exercise.

E．Children in this age range require about three hours’ active activities daily.

F．Attaining the health benefits from exercise may be harder than earlier thought.

G．These developments have a 1asting effect on a child’s ability to succeed in life.

6 . Experts like to say the best form of exercise is whatever kind you’ll actually do. But that may not always be the case; new research finds that people who combine exercise with their social lives may be at an advantage over solitary(独自) exercisers. Tennis, badminton and soccer are all better for longevity(长寿) than cycling, swimming, jogging or gym exercise, according to the research.

The study was based on data from about 8,500 adults who were part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study. They completed a health and lifestyle questionnaire, which included questions about type and frequency of physical activity, and were monitored by the researchers for around 25 years, a period during which about 4,500 of the subjects died.

Tennis came out on top in the research. Compared with people sitting all day, those who reported playing tennis as their main form of exercise could expect to add 9.7 years to their life time, followed by badminton (6.2 years), soccer (4.7 years), cycling (3.7 years), swimming (3.4 years), jogging (3.2 years) and health-club activities (1.5 years).

Tennis likely took the top spot because “it’s very interactive,” says study co-author Dr. James O’Keefe, a physician at Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute. “At every point you’re talking. It’s just a very natural way to emotionally bond with people, besides getting your exercise.” But he adds that the study may not have been able to fully account for the fact that wealthier, better-educated people—who tend to be healthier to begin with—may be more likely to play tennis.

Activities like running and weight lifting still extend your life and offer plenty of other health benefits. But for the best possible benefits, O’Keefe says gym-goers may want to consider combining those workouts with activities that foster social connection.

O’Keefe, whose exercise typically includes running and weight lifting, says he’s even changed his own behavior because of the study: he and his family have taken up badminton.

“You can’t play badminton without feeling like a kid again,” he says. “It’s just pure fun.”

1. Which of the following is best for living a long life?

A．Cycling.	B．Badminton.
C．Swimming.	D．Gym exercise.

2. How many people were still living at the end of the research?

A．About 8,500.	B．About 4,500.
C．About 4000.	D．About 2500.

3. What matters most to the result of the research?

A．Family life.	B．Social connections.
C．Frequency of exercise.	D．Wealth and education.

4. What does O’Keefe do after the finding?

A．He puts the theory into practice.

B．He plays badminton just for fun.

C．He feels like playing badminton with kids.

D．He takes more exercise than before.

7 . Daily physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. For this reason, many architects and designers are working to create buildings that encourage people to make exercise a part of their ordinary routine. The movement to promote healthy activity through architecture is called active design. It began in 1998 as part of a university public health program, and it has since gained popularity in cities around the world. Active design uses a number of techniques to encourage the occupants of a building to be more active.

One of the most important strategies of active design is inspiring people to make walking part of their routine. A particularly successful tool for promoting walking is the skip-stop elevator. These elevators stop only on every second or third floor, leaving riders to take the stairs in order to reach their destination. Another strategy of active design is to make stairs more pleasant and inviting. Instead of creating dark stairwells that are located in isolated parts of buildings, active design uses well-lit and centrally placed stairs to encourage more foot traffic. Skip-stop elevators and appealing stair design are both effective tools of active design because they offer incentive and opportunity for exercise. In fact, researchers studying a building that employs both skip-stop elevators and more attractive stair design said that 70 percent of building occupants reported using the stairs every day.

Active design encourages physical activity using not only the interior features of a building, but the relationship between a building and its surroundings as well. A building that employs active design may integrate outdoor space in order to make the environment more engaging and promote physical activity. Some elements that architects use to incorporate the exterior with the interior are glass walls, interior gardens or park spaces, and courtyards with open ceilings, all of which de-emphasize the boundaries between inside and outside. These elements make the building more physically and mentally invigorating. Similarly, by increasing the number of entrances and exits to a building, architects can help keep a building’s users interested in their surroundings by providing a variety of routes for them to use. If people continue to be stimulated by new sights or experiences, they are less likely to choose the quickest and easiest path to their destination and may instead choose a more physically challenging route.

1. What does the underlined word “incentive” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．requirement	B．encouragement
C．technique	D．assistance

2. Why does the author discuss dark stairwells in paragraph 2?

A．To demonstrate the differences between elevator and stairwell design.

B．To describe one advantage of using skip-stop elevators in buildings.

C．To make a point about why people don’t use the stairs often.

D．To argue that skip-stop elevators may lead to design failures.

3. Which of the following is NOT a way that architects weaken the boundary between indoor and outdoor spaces?

A．Creating more routes for entering and exiting.

B．Building gardens inside the building.

C．Creating spaces with open ceilings.

D．Using see-through materials.

4. How does paragraph 2 relate to paragraph 3 in the passage?

A．Para 2 describes an early model of a design discussed in para 3.

B．Para 3 argues about the effectiveness of the technique from para 2.

C．Para 3 introduces a different strategy than the one discussed in para 2.

D．Para 2 explains a technique, and para 3 gives examples of how it is used.

8 . Qigong,     1    (call) “Life Energy Cultivation” in China, is a practice of focusing on breath, movement, and awareness for exercise, and healing(愈合). If you have taken Chinese lessons, you must be familiar with Confucius, according to     2    qigong provides a means to become a Junzi(gentleman) through awareness of morality. Taoism considers qigong to be able to provide a way to achieve spiritual improvement. Qigong is    3    (traditional) viewed as a practice to balance qi (inner life energy), which is now practiced throughout China and worldwide.         4    a form of gentle exercise, qigong is made up of movements that are typically repeated, strengthening the body. Qigong     5    (believe) to help develop human potential, allow access to higher degrees of awareness, and awaken    6    (one) “true nature”.

What makes qigong special is that it can be done     7    (lie), sitting , or standing; thus it is     8    (access) for disabled persons, seniors, and people recovering from injuries. As a healing art, qigong practitioners focus on prevention and self-healing, which has been widely used in China as part of traditional Chinese medicine, and is included in the curriculum of Chinese    9    (university). Besides, qigong is practiced for self-cultivation as a means to get rid of     10    complexity of the earth.

9 . Super Bowl Weekend has just ended, and I was very excited for the big game. But I’m not just a fan of the game: I’m a 13-year-old and offensive guard. I just finished playing my eighth and final season.

During the last two years, they’ve created Title IX regulations that forbid girls from playing contact sports due to safely and “touching” concerns. They claim to be acting in the best interests of young people.

During the 2015 season, the Archdiocese(大主教辖区) announced that it would be my last season because of a rule that girls were not permitted to play football in the league. Right away, I knew I needed to change this rule for not just myself, but for all girls.

So I started a change.org petition(请愿书) that received more than 108,000 signatures!I told my story on national news networks and shows. And in March 2016, the Archbishop changed the rule to make CYO football coed(男女混合的) in Philadelphia.

But in July 2016, the bishops(主教) changed their decision and made football once again for boys only. They let me in for my eighth-grade season, but shut down the opportunity of any other girl to play. I could have walked away, but I knew that I had to stay and fight this rule again for girls who want to play football. I started another petition. No girl should be banned from a game she loves.

I hope that you join me in my effort to call on the bishops of Pennsylvania to permit young people like me to learn and grow together, not separately. You can sign my petition at change.org/girl in football.

1. Why did the author decide to start the first change.org petition?

A．Because she finished her final season.

B．Because she watched Super Bowl Weekend.

C．Because she was banned from the league in 2016.

D．Because she learned a lot about Title IX regulations.

2. What can we learn about the author?

A．She is smart.	B．She is selfless.
C．She is generous.	D．She is offensive.

3. What is the real purpose of writing the text?

A．To complain the policy is unfair.

B．To express her passion for football.

C．To introduce her change.org petition.

D．To appeal to people to join her in the fight.

4. Where can others sign their names?

A．On the website.	B．In the league.
C．On the papers.	D．In the letters.

10 . Following the crowd may not always be in a person’s best interest．But new research suggests that teens who go along with their friends may end up healthier as adults．

Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health．That’s true for both teens and adults．The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health．

So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13．They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens’closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships．The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25，26 and 27．This time，the questions surveyed each person’s overall health．When the researchers analyzed the data they found a strong connection between a teen’s behavior and adult health．Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults．Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to a close friends also influenced later health．Those who held back were more likely to be sick as adults．The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health．Weight，family income and drug use were all examined．So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression．And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did．

Going along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks．Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work．And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs．Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges．“Finding the right balance is the key．Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy．”And，he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”

1. Where can you probably read this passage?

A．Science fiction

B．Health column

C．Fashion magazine

D．Entertainment newspaper

2. We can learn from Allen’s study that _______________.

A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships

B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health

C．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27

D．the teens who couldn’t express themselves grew up to be unhealthier

3. According to what Allen said，we can know that _______________.

A．in order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowd

B．though it’s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give up

C．teens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure

D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends

4. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd．

B．Close friendships are the most important for people’s health．

C．Teen friendships may turn out healthier adults．

D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships．