1 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.

But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.

According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.

To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.

“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.

Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.

It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.

1. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?

A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.

B．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.

C．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.

D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.

2. Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment?

A．To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms.

B．To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high.

C．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high.

D．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released.

3. What does the underlined word “notion” mean?

A．Effect.

B．Goal.

C．Opinion.

D．Question

4. What can we know about regular workouts according to the UK’s National Health Service?

A．They can help ease depression symptoms.

B．They are the best way to treat depression.

C．They only work for those with serious depression.

D．They can help people completely recover from depression.

2 . Improving as a runner is about more than just running all of the time.    1    In that case, you can make large improvements as a runner in a relatively short time, no matter what your sport, race, or running habits.

    2    It is common for runners to push themselves about the same amount each time, running similarly challenging runs and gradually increasing difficulty. Outstanding runners, however, alternate(交替)an easy, resting run with a very challenging one. It is during these difficult runs，when you really push yourself, that your body snakes the most significant gains.    3    Rather, it is helping rebuild and relax the muscles needed for your big runs.

Keep a relaxed but strong upper body to conserve energy efficiently. You want to keep your chin(下巴)up and your shoulders back, with loose, relaxed arm and hand muscles. Your elbows are bent at 90 degrees but swing freely. If anything, the only muscles you want to focus on keeping strong and tight are the ones in your core(核心).    4    

Use your light run to work up a light sweat. A higher body temperature ensures your muscles are loose and flexible, and your body is pumping blood effectively throughout. For everything other than easy runs, use the first five to ten minutes to build a light sweat and get your body ready for exercise.    5    Slowly pick up speed for short 10 second runs, then return to normal warm-up pace. This helps prepare your muscles for speed.

A．Don't feel like an easy day is "cheating".

B．Alternate easy and hard runs to build strength rapidly.

C．Even five minutes of walking is a good way to get started.

D．"Warming up" truly means you want to warm up your body.

E．You are to pay a little attention to details and a smart training plan.

F．That's because this will naturally help you efficiently channel energy.

G．Remember to relax your face and neck muscles instead of tensing them

3 . 请以“My favorite sport”为题，写一篇短文，参加你校英文报征文，内容包括：1.如何爱上这项运动的；2.喜爱的原因。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。

My favorite sport

Many people like sports.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

1. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

A．They must run long distances.

B．They are qualified for the marathon.

C．They have to follow special rules.

D．They are good at swinging their legs.

2. What advantage does race walking have over running?

A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.

B．It’s less challenging physically.

C．It’s more effective in body building.

D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

3. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

A．Getting experts’ opinions.

B．Having a medical checkup.

C．Hiring an experienced coach.

D．Doing regular exercises.

4. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

A．Skeptical.	B．Objective.
C．Tolerant.	D．Conservative.

5 . A snowstorm hit my neighborhood the other day. I had recently agreed to be the house’s groundskeeper, which meant I got ______ with shoveling(铲) the inches of snow that covered the driveway.

I had stayed in the house during the ______ , so I was actually pretty happy to head ______ . I shoveled for an hour or so, and I felt muscles in my arms and legs that I had ______ used start to burn. By the time I finished shoveling, I was getting the   ______ I normally get from biking. To be honest, I was pretty ______ to stop.

A few days later, some friends and I got into a ______ about how hard it is to exercise. Going to gyms is becoming the most annoying ______ ever. Not exercising has an effect on our health. Less than 5% of adults are physically ______ for half an hour a day. Not exercising enough can ______ diseases like heart diseases, cancer, obesity and depression.

And yet shoveling snow was that ______. It didn’t take too much ______ because I wasn’t shoveling for exercise, but to ______ the driveway. People pay much money for gym memberships and classes to ______ extra fat. So why not ______ paying the fitness industry to exercise and help with each other with such kind of ______ ? Surely they’re better off ______ that money and putting the energy to practical use.

A neighborhood could have a Facebook group where people could ______ things they needed help with. Then, people who wanted to exercise could ______ . Win-win. Instead of making it about helping people, it can be framed as a new fitness ______ .

1.

A．charged

B．filled

C．tasked

D．crowded

2.

A．festival

B．disaster

C．rush

D．storm

3.

A．outside

B．inside

C．forward

D．backward

4.

A．usually

B．directly

C．really

D．rarely

5.

A．challenge

B．exercise

C．threat

D．power

6.

A．lucky

B．angry

C．happy

D．sorry

7.

A．party

B．meeting

C．discussion

D．fight

8.

A．homework

B．routine

C．solution

D．business

9.

A．strong

B．healthy

C．active

D．sleepy

10.

A．bring about

B．set off

C．take down

D．live through

11.

A．difficult

B．easy

C．valuable

D．perfect

12.

A．determination

B．intelligence

C．reputation

D．confidence

13.

A．design

B．clear

C．build

D．wash

14.

A．put on

B．pass down

C．pick up

D．burn off

15.

A．enjoy

B．miss

C．stop

D．escape

16.

A．reality

B．labor

C．dream

D．faith

17.

A．saving

B．collecting

C．donating

D．achieving

18.

A．seek

B．imagine

C．post

D．examine

19.

A．help out

B．show off

C．turn around

D．run away

20.

A．lesson

B．skill

C．map

D．style

6 . Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Most people get sweaty palms just staring at EI Capitan, a breathtaking rock formation i Yosemite National Park, California. Alex Honnold’s stayed dry. And this June, he managed to climb the 900-meter vertical wall, pulling on edges barely big enough for     1    .

Honnold could not     2     any slips. That’s because he carried nothing other than a bag of gymnasts’ chalk, to keep his fingers free of moisture. There was no rope to     3    him if he fell. After a four-hour     4     of power and precision, the 31-year-old safely challenged himself.

EI Capitan had been climbed     5     before, including by Honnold, but never in the way he has. In 2011, an American TV show about his earlier “free solos” drew seventeen million viewers. In climbing, “free” means using nothing but rocks for support.   “ Solo” means free of protection. It is the sport at its       6    . In Yosemite, the birthplace of American climbing, Hannold has reached its peak. Praise from fellow climbers was     7     only by relief at his safe return.

The achievement marks the latest in a series of milestones for sport climbing (竞技攀岩). In 2015, two other American Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson, established a route up the Dawn Wall, EI Capitan’s     8    part, after years of attempts. They made the front page of the New York Times and got congratulations from Barack Obama for the achievement. Last year, sport climbing was       9     accepted into the Olympic program for Tokyo 2020.

These have strengthened climbing’s position in the sporting circle in America and elsewhere. Google has invited Jorgeson to give a motivational talk to its employees. Climbing gyms have appeared around the globe over the past decade, making the event safer and more     10    to ordinary people. The gyms have been popular among youngsters, who pay more attentions to exercises than to belongings.

7 . Humans were made for walking. With our upright posture, quick-changing joints, and strong leg muscles, our bodies were actually designed with walking in mind—which is what makes it such perfect exercise.     1     And best of all, it’s a great way to see new things and meet new people!

Wherever you are, in the city or at the campground, you’ll find plenty of walking going on. Maybe you already love to walk, but you’ll getting tired of tracing your same old route day after day—or maybe you’re new to walking and aren’t sure how to get started.     2     To get started, sit down with a map and find a goal. Ask yourself, what do you want to get out of walking aside from the health benefits? Do you want to meet other people? See new places?     3    

If making friends and socializing is your goal, you may call up your friends and schedule walks with them, since this will introduce you to new places and trails. You might also find open groups of dog walkers at your local park. Your campground staff might know about fun local walking groups you can join.

    4     In cities large and small all over the country, walks are going on almost every weekend in support of cancer research, diabetes research, and other humanitarian causes.

    5     Then tie on your walking shoes and prepare to get to know the new area from the ground up! Many of our great historic cities offer detailed and well-planned walking tours. Nearly any city you can think of offers a walking tour with maps, provided by the tourist administration.

A．Headed to a new city?

B．So why not focus on walking?

C．Either way, it’s time to walk with a purpose.

D．It’s kind to our bodies and great for our waistlines.

E．Get to know people by the power of your own two feet.

F．And be sure to stay on the lookout for walks to raise money.

G．Knowing these will help you decide on the type of walk you want.

8 . Nature soothes(抚慰)our stressed-out souls. We know that nature is the best prescription, and new research suggests we can gain benefits while visiting parks.

    1    The study published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research found that spending 20 minutes in a city park can make you happier, regardless of whether you use that time to exercise or not.

"In general,we found park visitors reported an improvement in emotional well-being(幸福感)after the park visit.”the study's lead author and University of Alabama at Birmingham professor Hon K. Yuen said in a statement.“    2    ”Instead, we found time spent in the park is related to improved emotional well-being.”

For the study, 94 adults visited three city parks in Mountain Brook, Alabama, completing a questionnaire about their subjective well-being before and after their visit.     3     A visit of between 20 and 25 minutes showed the best results, with a roughly 64% increase in the participants' self-reported well-being, even if they didn't move a great deal in the park.     4    

The study group was truly small. as the study's co-author and another UAB professor, Gavin Jenkins, acknowledges.     5    The challenge facing cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the decrease of these spaces.

A．Something was used to track their physical activity.

B．You usually visit a small green space in your neighborhood.

C．However, its findings pointed out the importance of city parks.

D．If you want to feel happier, you just need to exercise for 20 minutes in a park.

E．The best part is that you needn't visit a national park or go far out of your way.

F．This means people can benefit from visiting a nearby park, regardless of physical ability.

G．But we didn't find levels of physical activity are linked to improved emotional well-being.

9 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．

Nowadays fewer students take exercise due to various reason and some students fall ill every now and then because of they are not healthy or strong enough． However， we should take exercise regularly to improve our health．

First of all， taking PE classes seriously． In PE classes we can build up our bodies with the careful guidance of PE teachers． Secondly， it is of great important to make it a routine to exercise after class or during breaks． In addition， it was also a good idea to join a sports club that you are interested．

As the old saying go， "The first wealth is health．" Let's do more exercise to live a better and healthy life．

10 . The modern competitive sport of weightlifting originated in 19^th-century Europe and was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896.     1     At that time, simple competitions were held to see who could lift the heaviest weight.

The first worldwide weightlifting championships were held in London in 1891. At that time, there were no female competitors. Today, the World Weightlifting Championships, organized by the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF), are held every year.     2    

Weightlifting as an Olympic event got off to an unsmooth start. It was not held as a separate event in the first games held in 1896, but as a field event.     3     The sport returned to the Olympics again in 1904, this time as part of the athletics program. Not until 1920 did weightlifting make its real Olympic comeback. The 1920 Olympic Games, held in Antwerp, Belgium, marked weightlifting’s debut（首次露面）as a separate event.     4     Previously, weightlifters in the Olympics were all required to compete against each other, regardless of their size. One-hand lifting was dropped from the sport in 1928. Various weightlifting exercises were added and later removed over many years until 1972.     5     The 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney saw the introduction of the women’s competition, although the IWF has held the World Weightlifting Championships for women since 1987.

A．The 1940 and 1944 Games were canceled.

B．It is a sport in which barbells are lifted competitively.

C．The 1900 Games had no weightlifting presence at all.

D．The championships include 15 separate weight types for both men and women.

E．The 1972 Olympic Games finally presented the weightlifting program in its present form.

F．The sport, however, dates back to ancient civilizations including China, Egypt and Greece.

G．The Antwerp Games also introduced one-hand lifting and weight divisions to the new event.