1 . The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "
For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.
A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.
These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.
"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
1. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?| A．Positive effects of doing exercises. |
| B．Exercises suitable for the middle-aged. |
| C．Experimental studies on diseases. |
| D．Advantages of sporty woman over man |
| A．To predict their maximum heart rate. |
| B．To assess their cardiovascular capacity |
| C．To change their habits of working out |
| D．To detect their potential health problems |
| A．It aimed to find a cure for dementia. |
| B．Data collection was a lengthy process. |
| C．Some participants withdrew from it. |
| D．The results were far from satisfactory. |
| A．More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia |
| B．Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise |
| C．Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia |
| D．Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness |
2 . An Olympic Village is a place that houses Olympic competitors. It is a place where they prepare for what might be the most important moment in their life. But we want to know more about this mysterious place: What really happens in the village?
We asked swimmer Natalie Coughlin, a three time Olympian and 12 -time medalist. She says, “People think it’s a lot more attractive and interesting than it is. It isn’t. It’s like a huge college campus, including a bank, a salon, a post office, and a huge cafeteria- except that everyone is anxious, getting ready for their biggest event under unbelievably high pressure (压力).”
But some other Olympians look differently at their campus. “It’s like the first day of college,” water polo player Tony Azevedo says. “You’re super excited. Everyone s meeting people and trying to socialize with others,”
Coughlin says the best spot to be in the village is the cafeteria. Not only does it provide a place to talk with the rest of the athletes from your country but it’s a great chance for people watching. One of her favorite games was to tell what sport someone in front of her took based on their body type.
Living in the same village means athletes run into one another all the time. Coughlin shares this story: While in London in 2012, at one point applause (欢呼) broke out at the arrival of someone. Coughlin thought it was one of the British royals (王室成员), but it ended up being Jamaica’s Usain Bolt (the world’s greatest runner alive). Runner Allyson Felix— a winner of six gold Olympic medals— has also had her run-ins. In 2008, she came across the world-famous U. S. men’s basketball team, including Anthony, Bryant, Wade and other top players.
It’s “a pretty wild scene, the biggest melting pot— a place where large numbers of people, ideas, and cultures are mixed together— you’ve been in,” said swimmer Eric Shanteau. Felix agrees, saying, “You get to meet people from other countries that you wouldn’t even come into contact with. To me that’s the coolest thing.
1. What does Coughlin say about the Olympic villagers?| A．They spend most of their time relaxing. |
| B．They enjoy the village very much. |
| C．They like to make friends. |
| D．They are very nervous. |
| A．She often tried guessing a person’ s sport. |
| B．She often tasted food from other countries. |
| C．She often listened to other athletes’ stories. |
| D．She often spent time with basketball players. |
| A．Why Olympians are so popular. |
| B．Why the Olympic Village is mysterious. |
| C．How they met superstars in the village. |
| D．How they communicated with other players. |
| A．Spending time with some old foreign friends. |
| B．Mixing with people from around the world. |
| C．The positive influence of the Olympic spirit. |
| D．The competitive atmosphere in the village. |
3 . Races
Virtual(虚拟的）races-but the running is real! Here are some of the best online races.
RAINBOWS VIRTUAL 5K
This is a fun run designed to be completed in any way that is proper for you-whether you run or walk in the garden,dance and walk fast along with your dog. All the organisers ask is that you complete 5K—in one go or over several days of your choice.
￡20,rainbows.co,uk/events/rainbows-virtual-5k
MILTON KEYNES MARATHON WEEKEND VIRTUAL 5K
Part of the yearly September Milton Keynes running festival, this year you can complete the 5Kvirtually. Complete it in your own time—in the garden or on an exercise machine if need be. You can also complete it in smaller runs.
From ￡18,mkmarathon. com/virtual-race
10K GARDEN CHALLENGE
A virtual race you can complete in your garden or at a local open space or park. Put on your shoes and complete 10K as speedily as you can. The event helps raise money for mental(精神的)health,with 15% of the entry fee being given to Bath Mind.By the way,the medal(奖牌)is environment-friendly.
￡15,womensrunning.co. uk/ neus/ keep-motivated-with-our-womens-runing-virtual-challenges
ROCK 'N' ROLL VIRTUAL
Sign up with the virtual running club and compete in weekly events alongside runners from around the world. Challenges include running an 8K and 15K in one weekend or running a l5Kwithin a 30-hour time window. Running challenges are all free to enter, but you can buy merchandise(商品）and medals if you want to add to your wall.
Free to join,buy your medals from ￡20,runrocknrollvr.com
1. If Mary wants to run just for fun,she will most likely visit________.| A．womensrunning.co.uk/news /keep-motivated-with-our-womens-running-virtual-challenges |
| B．rainbows.co.uk/events/rainbows-virtual-5k |
| C．mkmarathon.com/virtual-race |
| D．runrocknrollvr.com |
| A．10K GARDEN CHALLENGE. |
| B．RAINBOWS VIRTUAL 5K. |
| C．ROCK ' N' ROLL VIRTUAL. |
| D．MILTON KEYNES MARATHON WEEKEND VIRTUAL 5K. |
| A．It is held once a year. |
| B．It welcomes local runners only. |
| C．It offers different choices to people. |
| D．It requires people to pay the entry fee. |
4 . E-sports describes the world of competitive, organized video gaming. Competitors from different leagues or teams compete in the same video games: Fortnite, League of Legends, Counter-Strike, Call of Duty, to name a few. These gamers are watched and followed by millions of their fans all over the world, who attend live events or watch on TV or online. Streaming services, like Twitch, allow viewers to watch their favorite gamers playing in real time.
According to a report from Newzoo, a market analytics (分析) company, 380 million people worldwide will watch e-sports this year. Most of these e-sports lovers will watch from North America, China and South Korea.
Colleges have even got in on the action. More than 50 colleges in America have e-sports programs, recognized by a governing body called the National Association of Collegiate E-sports. NACE tournaments (锦标赛) give out thousands of dollars in prize money, which is put to scholarships for the winners.
E-sports players, like traditional athletes, can make big money. Tournaments can provide millions of dollars in prize money, which is typically divided among the players on the winning teams. That means a world’s very tip-top player can easily earn up to seven figures of money in a year. Teams and event organizers also earn money from ticket sales for these competitions. The popular League of Legends Tournament from 2017 brought in $5.5 million in ticket sales.
At the end of 2018, 1.6 billion people had some knowledge of e-sports — that’s more than one fifth of the entire world’s population. E-sports will continue to grow as an industry in the foreseeable future. So if you haven’t heard much about e-sports yet, give it time. Its spread, both globally and culturally, is certain to happen.
1. How do e-sports players compete against each other?| A．By watching videos games. | B．By designing e-sports programs. |
| C．By playing in the same video games | D．By going to the gym. |
| A．Scholarships. | B．Cars. | C．Houses. | D．Tickets. |
| A．$1.000. | B．$10,000. | C．$100,000. | D．$1,000,000. |
| A．E-sports is popular with a few people. |
| B．E-sports is likely to develop well. |
| C．People all over the world have some knowledge of e-sports. |
| D．People are curious about e-sports. |
5 . American Harvey Sutton, a 5-year-old boy, just finished walking the whole length of the Appalachian Trail (路线), one of the longest footpaths in the world. Harvey is one of the youngest people ever to walk the trail. He and his parents completed the trip in 209 days.
Harvey climbed over tall rocks and got to watch wild animals. “The rock climbs were really hard but fun. We were not bored.” said Harvey. His parents tried hard to him happy and excited. His father said meeting and talking with other hikers along the way prevented boredom.
Harvey was 4 years old when he and his parents began their walk in January. He turned 5 before the family completed the trip earlier this month in Maine. But the youngest of all to finish the trip may be Juniper Netteberg. The little girl finished walking the footpath at age 4 with her parents last October.
The long hiking may seem like an extreme activity for a child, but Dr. Laura Blaisdell sees no harm. She is a children’s doctor and medical adviser to the American Camp Association. Dr. Blaisdell said children are strong enough for the experience if parents attend to their child’s usual social and emotional development.
Harvey’s, trip earned admiration from another hiker, Dale Sanders. He is the oldest person to hike the footpath, which he did at age 82. “It’s going to change his life forever, and his parents’ life, too. The kid went through some hardships, but don’t we all? Hardships make us stronger,” said Sanders, now 86. “That kid is going to smile through life.”
1. Which of the following words can best describe Harvey’s trip?| A．Exciting but adventurous. | B．Difficult but interesting. |
| C．Boring and dangerous. | D．Terrible and scary. |
| A．Favorable. | B．Negative. | C．Doubtful. | D．Unclear. |
| A．Disagreement | B．Advice | C．Praise | D．Discussion |
| A．Hiking Is Good for Children’s Health |
| B．Everyone Goes through Hardships |
| C．A Family Got Strength from Hiking |
| D．A Boy Finished Walking One of the Longest Trail |
6 . Clothing decorated with lucky animals such as Chinese dragons and phoenixes (凤凰), and designers devoted to making China's Olympians look good, all these reflect that the Chinese Olympic Team is not only focused on winning medals, but also showing the beauty of China to the world.
The first impressive moment for Chinese fashion started from the opening ceremony of the Olympics. The Chinese team's uniforms used red as a main color, which represents wishes for a good start for Team China. The Team's uniforms, combining red with white, were designed by a group of designers from the Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology. The uniforms are decorated with a peony (牡丹), which is China's national flower, and the style of the flower was inspired by an ancient Ming Dynasty bowl at the Palace Museum.
Some Chinese gymnastics' uniforms also use the traditional Chinese symbols such as the Chinese phoenix. China's trampoline (蹦床) gold medalist Zhu Xueying said she was pleased with her uniform that looked like a traditional qipao decorated with a phoenix. The bright red uniforms have traditional elements (元素) on the neckline—a qipao knot (结) and a Chinese phoenix. The pattern on the front of the chest represented the hope that the gymnasts would dance in the sky.
The uniform for Chen Meng, another gold medalist in the women's table tennis event, was designed especially for her. The uniform is pink because that is Chen's favorite color and the designers embroidered (刺绣) a Chinese dragon on her right shoulder to represent the hope that she can take off like a powerful dragon.
“I have been watching the Olympics. The uniforms for the Chinese team have added many fashionable elements,” Zhang Yan, a young Chinese designer told the reporter. The most impressive uniforms for him have been those that the Chinese athletes wore on the podiums (领奖台). The elements formed in the clothing designs, including the curving shapes, the colors and the Chinese standing collar, make them both beautiful and practical. “When the athletes stand on the podium, I think the Chinese design is not only attractive, but also a kind of new fashion. The confidence shown in the clothing is really strong.” Zhang Yan said.
1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?| A．The colors the Chinese team's uniforms. |
| B．The designers of the Chinese team's uniforms. |
| C．The characteristics of the Chinese team's uniforms. |
| D．The style of the Chinese team's uniforms. |
| A．The same color. | B．The same style of Qipao. |
| C．The same phoenix. | D．The similar wishes. |
| A．Clothes Chinese athletes wore on the podiums were the most attractive. |
| B．Strong confidence is shown in the clothing of Chinese athletes. |
| C．Zhang Yan took part in designing the Chinese Olympic uniforms. |
| D．The Chinese design will be No.1 in the fashion market. |
| A．Chinese Athletes Realizing Dreams in the Olympics. |
| B．Chinese Uniforms is Different at the Olympic Games. |
| C．Chinese Olympic Uniforms Shining at the Olympic Games. |
| D．Chinese Team Becoming better and better at the Olympics. |
7 . Sports can help us a lot. Taking exercises can make us strong. In collective sports like basketball, volleyball or football, we will learn the importance of cooperation. And sports can also help us relax after work or study.
However, as the saying goes, “there are two sides of everything.” Sometimes we may hurt other players or ourselves if we are not careful enough when participating in sports activities. What’s more, too much or hard practice can be bad for our health.
Sports can make us healthy both physically and psychologically. It is also a good way for people to know each other and can improve friendship between people. So long as we are careful enough, sports can do us nothing but good.
1. Too much exercise can be ________ for us.| A．good | B．enough | C．bad | D．helpful |
| A．help people to know each other | B．improve friendship between people |
| C．do us nothing but good if we are careful | D．All of the above |
| A．Sports can help us relax after work or study. |
| B．Sports can only make us healthy physically. |
| C．Sometimes we may hurt other players or ourselves when participating in sports activities. |
| D．Basketball and volleyball are both collective sports. |
| A．Sports and health | B．Everybody must do sports |
| C．Sports are nothing to people | D．No one likes sports |
8 . Being an Olympian (奥运会选手) demands focus, determination, and a competitive spirit. Plus, representing your country is a lot of pressure. However, two athletes recently showed the world another quality that is definitely worth championing.
Qatar's Mutaz Essa Barshim and Italy's Gianmarco Tamberi were competing in the high jump on Sunday when they reached a stalemate (僵局). Both men had managed to jump over a surprising 2.37 meters with no faults along the way. However, after three attempts neither managed the next level of 2.39 meters.
An Olympic official suggested a jump-off between the two friends and rivals (竞争对手) to determine who would get the gold medal. But Barshim had another plan to reward their efforts.
“Can we have two golds?” he asked the official.
The official agreed and the two men jumped for joy. This was the first time a gold medal had been shared since 1912. “He is one of my best friends, not only on the track, but outside the track. We work together. This is a dream come true.” shared Barshim.
The decision to share the medal was particularly meaningful to Tamberi. The Italian had suffered an ankle injury that prevented him from competing in the Rio Olympics in 2016, and it nearly put an end to his career altogether. So this year he brought along his cast to this year's Olympics with “Road to Tokyo 2021” to inspire him along the way.
For Barshim, the gold has topped off his already impressive medal collection, having received a bronze and a silver medal in 2012 and 2016 respectively.
Despite all the glory of receiving a gold medal for their countries, their achievement means so much more. These two individuals, trying to do their very best for their countries, have provided a wonderful example to all those competing in sports. They've summed up exactly what it means to take part in a global event with a generous and compassionate (有同情心的) spirit.
1. What happened to Barshim and Tamberi in the competition?| A．They ended in a tie. | B．They quit the competition. |
| C．They set a new record. | D．They ran out of strength. |
| A．Debate. | B．Vote. |
| C．Celebration. | D．Extra round. |
| A．It could bring him a lot of money. | B．It may make up for his regret in 2016. |
| C．It was a glory for his country. | D．It could complete his medal collection. |
| A．The importance of sharing. |
| B．The glory of winning gold medals. |
| C．The valuable and special team spirit. |
| D．The considerate and sharing Olympic spirit. |
9 . A young female athlete in the Philippines recently won many gold medals during a sports meet despite not having proper running shoes. Rhea Ballos, an 11-year-old student of Salvation Elementary School in Balason, Iloilo, was only wearing bandages around her feet when she competed at the Iloilo Schools Sports Meet.
Facebook user Valenzuela posted pictures of the girl with her feet wrapped in bandages bearing the famous Nike logo. Ballos even wrote the word “NIKE” on the sides of her “shoe” to complete the “Nike running shoes” look. The bandages were tightly wrapped around her feet, creating a thin protective layer against the track. While she was actually barefoot during the races, she was still able to defeat her competitors who all more proper footwear intended for running,
According to the post, Ballos bagged the top awards in the 400-meter dash, the 800-meter run, and the 1500-meter run in the girls' categories in the inter school sporting event held in Iloilo, central Philippines.
When pictures of her “Nike” footwear become popular, Flipinos on social media praised her. Many noted that instead of falling into self-pity, she was even able to make light of the situation by drawing the Nike logo on her “running shoes”. Some of the commenters of Valenzuela's post expressed how the girl deserved to be recognized by Nike and that the brand should actually give her a new pair of real Nike shoes. Others started getting in touch with the American sports brand, as well as local basketball specialty store Titan 22.
It did not take long for Titan co-founder and Alaska Aces head coach Jeffrey Cariaso to take notice of Ballos' outstanding achievement. Cariaso immediately made an effort to get in touch with the young track runner. The seven-time PBA champion has since talked to the student as well as her coaches in an apparent bid to help her out.
1. Why did Ballos wear bandages around her feet to compete?| A．She couldn't afford to buy shoes. | B．She wished to be noticed by Nike. |
| C．She wanted to draw public's attention. | D．She thought it fashionable and unique. |
| A．Surprised. | B．Confused. | C．Favorable. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．Ballos will be recognized by Nike. | B．Ballos will be probably helped by Cariaso. |
| C．Ballos is bound to win more champions. | D．Ballos will become a great basketball player. |
| A．Shy and lucky. | B．Kind and brave. | C．Clever and outstanding. | D．Gifted and optimistic. |
10 . As is known to all. the first modern Olympics were held there in 1896. But the history of the Olympics in Greece dates back to much earlier.
The first ancient Olympics were held in 776 B. C. The games got their name from Olympia, the Greek city where they took place.
Like the Summer Olympics of today, the ancient Olympics were held every four years. One of the main features (特点) of the ancient Olympics was the Olympic truce (休战).The truce meant that all wars were stopped, so that athletes and spectators could compete and travel in peace. Thousands of people from all over the Greek world came to watch.
During the first Olympics, there was only one competition—a 218-yard (200-meter) race. But over time the games grew to include wrestling, chariot racing, boxing and other sports. Women were not allowed to compete, but they had their own separate games.
“The ancient athletes became celebrities (名人)， just like today. They often lived the rest of their lives being treated to free dinners.” Cerrato said “City-states even tried to steal away each other's athletes by offering them various awards.”
Unlike today's Olympics, the ancient Olympics were held to honor Zeus. Greeks thought that Zeus was the leader of the many gods and goddesses they believed in. But what comes as a surprise to many people is the fact that many athletes competed completely naked(裸体的)！
The ancient Olympics existed until 393 A. D. But the modern Olympics are still going strong. “The Olympics” gather athletes from around the world，said Sue Macy, author of a new National Geographic book, Swifter, Higher, Stronger： A Photographic History of the Summer Olympics. “It’s so much bigger today.”
1. What would be the best title of the passage?| A．History of the Olympics. | B．Features of the Olympics. |
| C．Truce of the Olympics. | D．Swifter. Higher, Stronger. |
| A．the ancient Olympics attracted people all over the world |
| B．men as well as women could compete in the games |
| C．the ancient Olympics were an important event in Greece |
| D．there were many kinds of races at that time |
| A．all the people in Greece would stop working |
| B．people stopped fighting to take part in the games |
| C．people from all over the world came to see the games |
| D．most of the athletes came from those who won the fight |
| A．organized the games | B．played in the games |
| C．watched the games | D．had no chance to watch the games |
