1 . Teenagers have long been told that being active and taking part in various sports is good for their health. But new research suggests that too much sport for teenagers could negatively affect their well-being just as much as too little sport.
Researchers from Switzerland say their study suggests that 14 hours of physical activity a week is best for promoting good health in teenagers. However, they found that more than 14 hours appears to be detrimental to their health. To reach their findings, the researchers surveyed more than 1,245 teenagers aged between 16 and 20 from Switzerland.
All participants were required to answer questions on height and weight, sports practice, sports injuries and well-being. Their well-being was assessed(评估) using the World Health Organization (WHO) Well-Being Index,and the average well-being score for all participants was 17.
The researchers divided sports participation into low (0—3.5 hours a week), average (3.6— 10.5 hours), high (10.6— 17.5 hours), and very high (more than 17.5 hours).The researchers found that participants in the low and very high activity groups were more than twice as likely to have well-being scores below 13, compared with participants in the average group. The researchers found that the highest well-being scores were gotten by participants who carried cut around 14 hours of physical activity a week, but exercising beyond 14 hours resulted in lower well-being scores.
Commenting on their findings, the researchers say physical activity has been connected with positive emotional well-being, reduced sadness, anxiety and stress disorders, and improved self-respect in teenagers.
The researchers suggest that their study stresses the importance for physicians caring for teenagers to check their level of sports practice and ask them about their well-being. Teenagers probably need a supportive and closer follow-up of their health and well-being. The findings can provide information for guideline groups who produce recommendations on sports practice for teenagers.
1. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Useless. | B．Important. | C．Reasonable. | D．Harmful. |
| A．To much sport is less healthy than what is traditionally believed. |
| B．Both low and high sports participation help teenagers improve confidence. |
| C．Very high activity groups tend to get higher well-being scores. |
| D．Low spirit participation is proved to be the cause of obesity. |
| A．A research paper. | B．A health magazine. |
| C．A business report. | D．A fitness diary. |
| A．Measures to improve teenagers’ well-being. |
| B．Concerns of physicians about teenagers' well-being. |
| C．Importance of physical activities on teenagers'well-being. |
| D．Relationship between sports participation and teenagers' well-being. |
2 . Most people in their eighties would consider themselves lucky not to have health problems, but this is not the case with Toshisuke Kanazawa. The 82-year-old Japanese bodybuilder is not only in perfect physical condition, but also looks better than a lot of men a quarter his age.
Kanazawa is a living example that you’re never too old to hit the gym and achieve the body you’ve always dreamed of. A champion bodybuilder in his youth, Kanazawa stopped exercising completely after he retired(退休) at age 34, drinking, smoking and eating whatever he liked. It wasn’t until he turned 50 that he wanted to regain the perfect body of his younger years.
Kanazawa’s wife felt sick frequently, and the former bodybuilder remembered that she had never been happier than when he won the national championship. So, to please her, he decided to return to the gym and completely change his diet.
His workout schedule had to change according to his age. In his youth, he would spend up to six hours training in the gym every day, and his body would recover within two days after a particularly intensive workout, but that was not the case anymore. He cut the daily gym time to three hours and started giving his body one week to recover after exercising every muscle group.
Kanazawa’s efforts paid off. In 2016, at the age of 80, Kanazawa defeated many opponents and placed sixth in the world in a match for bodybuilders over 65, and won the admiration of the crowd.
Sport keeps this elderly man healthy, as he has not suffered so much as a cold since he started bodybuilding again at age 50.
“I want to be a super old man in the bodybuilder community,” Kanazawa said, “If I have a goal, I can continue moving forward. I have to work much harder.”
1. What can we learn about Kanazawa from paragraph 2?| A．He started bodybuilding at the age of 34. |
| B．He seldom exercised when he was young. |
| C．He had serious health problems in his youth. |
| D．He developed an unhealthy lifestyle after he retired. |
| A．To make a living | B．To help change his diet. |
| C．To cheer up his wife. | D．To recover from illness. |
| A．He went on a diet. |
| B．He turned to the doctor for advice. |
| C．He combined relaxation with exercise. |
| D．He spent up to six hours training every day. |
| A．Bodybuilding: No Age Limit |
| B．Champion: The Result of Workout |
| C．Understanding: A Secret to Happiness |
| D．Exercise: The Best Medicine for Illnesses |
3 . Yoga has been around for roughly 5, 000 years but it is more popular today than ever. An estimated 300 million people play yoga worldwide. Experts say its accessibility and the fact that you can practice it anywhere are big reasons why.
Yoga can improve your posture and balance, strengthen bones and muscles and keep your back and joints healthy.
Many people adopt yoga as a form of exercise.
| A．Different poses offer different benefits. |
| B．The detailed advantages are as follows. |
| C．Actually, yoga is a way of life at its roots. |
| D．This exercise is said to strengthen your body. |
| E．Yoga seems unlikely to send you to the hospital. |
| F．A lot of studies have been carried out about yoga. |
| G．The aim of this pose is to settle your mind and body. |
4 . A new study has found that smiling at London bus drivers increases happiness. However, on the Number 24 bus to Hampstead Heath, Londoners are sceptical. “Bus drivers,” says Liz Hands, a passenger, “are generally annoying.”
It might seem improbable that a report on London’s buses could change behaviour. But it has happened before. London’s buses have an underappreciated role in the history of medical science. In the 1940s, a single study of London’s transport workers transformed epidemiology (流行病学), medicine and the way we live now. Every time you go on a run, check your step-count, or take the stairs instead of the lift, you are following a path pioneered by the feet of the workers on London’s buses.
In the late 1940s, doctors were worried. Britain, like many rich countries, was suffering from an “epidemic” of heart disease and no one knew why. Various hypotheses, such as stress, were suggested; but one thing that was not exercising researchers was exercise. The idea that health and exercise were linked “wasn’t the accepted fact that we know today”, says Nick Wareham, a professor of epidemiology at Cambridge University. Some even felt that “too much physical activity was a bad thing for your health”. Miners and farmers who did physical exercise also suffered from various diseases and died young.
At this time a young doctor called Jerry Morris started to suspect that the increasing deaths from heart disease might be linked to occupation. He began studying the medical records of 31,000 London transport workers. His findings were breathtaking: conductors, who spent their time running up and down stairs, had an approximately 30% lower possibility of disease than drivers, who sat down all day. Exercise was keeping people alive.
Morris’s research was eventually published in 1953, just three years after a study by Richard Doll proving the link between smoking and lung cancer. Morris’s work had consequences both big and small. Morris now also took up exercise, handing his jacket to his daughter and just running. “People thought I was bananas.” Slowly, the rest of the world took off its jacket and followed.
1. Why does the author mention the new study in the first paragraph?| A．To clarify a concept. | B．To introduce the topic. |
| C．To present the argument. | D．To provide an example. |
| A．Encouraging researchers to work out. | B．Helping with researchers’ inquiry. |
| C．Hold back researchers’ progress. | D．Drawing researchers’ attention. |
| A．By carrying out survey. | B．By observing their routines. |
| C．By doing medical examinations. | D．By analyzing the medical data. |
| A．Smiling and Its Effects on London Bus Drivers. |
| B．The Evolution of London’s Transportation System. |
| C．How London Bus Drivers Led the world to exercise. |
| D．What Londoners Think about Studies on Bus Drivers. |
5 . Marathon is one of the most difficult races in track and field, at a little over 42 kilometers. To be a world-class marathoner, you must run that distance in two and a half hours. But for some, completing a marathon race is a lifelong dream.
Jacqueline’s dream of being a world-class runner began when she was a child in Kenya. She soon realized she had the talent and the willpower to compete. She also knew she would have to train full-time, which meant not being able to work to help support her family. But she was confident that she could bring home prize money.
Jacqueline traveled to China to compete in the Zheng-Kai marathon knowing she had a good shot at winning the race, but more importantly, the $10,000 prize that went with it. She was leading the women’s division when a male runner arrived at the water station. The man had trouble drinking water because a birth defect (缺陷) had left him without hands, and he struggled to drink from a plastic bottle. But any assistance from fans or race officials would result in his disqualification. Jacqueline noticed the man and immediately knew that he needed help. She grabbed a water bottle and helped him get the water his body needed to complete the race.
Runner after runner passed Jacqueline. Her hopes of winning were getting lost in numerous runners ahead of her. With only 4 kilometers left in the race, and certain that the male runner would now finish, Jacqueline picked up her pace and finally finished second.
That day, Jacqueline missed out on first place, but she finished something more important: humanity. She returned home with the smaller prize of second place, but to her family, she brought home something much more valuable to home: the right example.
1. What can we know about Jacqueline from paragraph 2?| A．Her goal was to win a championship. | B．Her family opposed her going for a run. |
| C．She was born with little sports gift. | D．She had to train full-time to achieve her dream. |
| A．No assistance was allowed. | B．He was disabled. |
| C．He had no access to the water station. | D．He competed with other runners for water. |
| A．She won second place at last. | B．She was disqualified for going against rules. |
| C．She was criticised by her family. | D．She fell behind several runners and gave up. |
| A．Cautious. | B．Approving. | C．Indifferent. | D．Disappointed |
6 . To celebrate the 17th anniversary of PHASE Worldwide (PW), we are, for the first time, putting together a team to cycle the famous Coast to Coast route.
The route is one of the most well-known long-distance cycle routes in the UK. Starting on the West Coast, the route takes in the stunning views offered in the Lake District, before crossing the Eden Valley and the beautiful Northern Pennines. The route then drops down to the post-industrial landscape of the North East, eventually arriving at the North Sea.
It will be completed over three days of cycling. The challenge will begin on the morning of Sunday 30th April with overnights in Penrith and Allenheads, We aim to arrive at the finish on Tuesday afternoon 2nd May. On Wednesday morning, we will transport all participants and their bikes back to the starting point at Whitehaven.
Advice
While much of the route is on sealed surface road and path, there are some sections that are not, It occasionally includes short sections of busier roads where necessary. A road bike should deal with the short gravel (沙砾) sections (mainly at the Waskerley Way).
Touch
If you have any further questions regarding the logistics of the event, please contact eddavys@me.com.
If you have any further questions regarding donation, please contact jonathan@phaseworldwide.org.
Fees
Event Registration: £250, half price for students.
Please read the Coast to Coast 2023 Booking Conditions before registering for your place below.
1. Which of the following can you see first in the route?| A．Northern Pennines. | B．Lake District. | C．Eden Valley. | D．Post-industrial landscape. |
| A．On April 30th, | B．On May 1st. | C．On May 2nd. | D．On May 3rd. |
| A．£500. | B．£375. | C．£250. | D．£125. |
7 . Many hear endlessly how good exercise is for our health,but you might be surprised to know just how good.
It helps you breathe better.
Frequent exercise improves the volume of oxygen you can use in your body.This is what makes you fit and the benefits aren’t limited to sport.
Physical activity enhances your mental health.
Doing something active releases “happy” brain chemicals that make you more positive.The more you do it,the better you’ll feel.But you do need to work up a sweat.If you’ve had a bad day,treat yourself to a little bit of exercise.
The way your guts (内脏) feel often impacts on your mental and physical health.Walking,running and yoga strengthen abdominal (腹部的)muscles,increase the heart rate and encourage your muscles to move digestive waste through your body more efficiently and digest food more quickly.
Keeping active keeps you young.
There may not be an elixir (灵丹妙药) of youth just yet,but keeping fit comes close.Just 15 minutes of exercise a day for eight years can increase your lifespan by three years.The more you do,the longer you could live.
| A．It aids your digestion. |
| B．It gives you a better appetite. |
| C．Increased muscle strength helps too. |
| D．Here are the benefits you can get from exercise. |
| E．This is because physical activity delays cell ageing. |
| F．People think this will catch our attention and inspire our action. |
| G．Power walking or rope skipping is a brilliant stress reliever. |
8 . The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.
Once I got to sixth grade and switched to private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, accelerating (加速) my competitive fever. However, in girls’ sports games at my school, I was no star. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. School sports did not bleed into the weekends, as they do today, but at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During break time, magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym.
So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
1. What does the underlined word “humiliation” mean in Paragraph 1?| A．responsibility | B．panic | C．shame | D．desire |
| A．Her advanced sports outfits. | B．Her confidence in her sports ability. |
| C．The sports talent inherited from her father. | D．The example and training offered by her father. |
| A．She generally exercised on weekends. | B．She joined Royal Canadian Air Force. |
| C．She preferred reading to exercising. | D．She maintained her love for sports. |
| A．To describe how her father built her interest in sports. |
| B．To recall her childhood memories about sports. |
| C．To express her passion for sports and fitness. |
| D．To emphasize the benefits of physical exercise. |
9 . Have you ever gotten a sudden burst of motivation (动力) to work out that only lasts a week? Or created a whole workout plan only to lose that motivation a few days later? There was a time when I hated working out. But now, working out is one of my favorite things to do. It wasn’t easy, but I found a couple of ways to make myself stick to it.
Stop telling yourself that you don’t have time to work out.
Find ways to make exercising more fun.
It’s okay to take a break. When you first start working out, it can be difficult. I was getting all sorts of aches and pains when I first started. Please remember to take a break.
Sticking to a workout plan can be difficult, but if you follow some of these tips, you may find that you’re able to work out more consistently.
| A．Your body needs to rest. |
| B．You can work out with friends or family. |
| C．It doesn’t matter how busy your schedule is. |
| D．Try many activities to find one that you love. |
| E．Remember that exercising has a lot of great benefits. |
| F．So, if you’re trying to work out more often, here are some tips. |
| G．And if you’re feeling discouraged, just remember that you’re not alone. |
10 . Wonderful views from the mountains, breath-taking places waiting to explore, fresh air, as well as all the special health benefits, are the main rewards of mountain hiking.
You need to train your lower body muscles, anytime and anywhere. Strong legs and core muscles will improve your balance and help you hike longer. Focus on your lower body strength and on your cardiovascular (心血管的) workout.
You will need a stronger back. Who’s going to carry your backpack?
Please remember that your training for mountain hiking should be combined with real hiking. And don’t miss the other clues on what to do for mountaineering training!
| A．Give yourself and your body time to prepare. |
| B．And don’t rely just on gyms or other similar areas. |
| C．Your balance will also get better and better over time. |
| D．However, there is always hidden danger in the mountains. |
| E．Try to combine muscle training with your indoor exercise. |
| F．However, it is of great significance to get prepared physically. |
| G．In the mountains, everyone should firstly be responsible for their own essentials. |
