1 . Training for a marathon (马拉松) requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.     1    , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.     2    . As always, you should stretch (伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.     3    , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.     4    . After two weeks, start timing yourself.     5    . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

A．After six days

B．For a good marathon runner

C．Before you begin your training

D．With each day, increase the distance by a half mile

E．If they still feel good, you can begin running in them

F．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

2 . Teenagers’ fitness is now a major concern，and physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness. Exercise makes your body strong，and helps you to keep the right body weight. Sports scientist Dr. Helen Lopez offers the following advice to teenagers：“First，you need to find out your present level of fitness. Then you can design a programme that will help you become healthier.”

Dr. Lopez suggests that there are three levels of fitness that need a change of lifestyle.“Overweight”means that the person gets very little exercise and often has a serious weight problem. “Inactive” means that the person does not join in many physical activities，but is not seriously overweight.“Active”refers to people who take part in sports and other physical activities，but do not have a high fitness level.

According to Dr. Lopez，overweight teenagers should work out to keep healthy.“Ride a bike，play volleyball or basketball for a while，and go for a twenty­minute walk each day. All these will help to burn calories.”Inactive teenagers should do similar activities, but add some bending and stretching exercises, such as push­ups and sit­ups, starting with twenty of each a day.“Inactive people can take a little more exercise than overweight people because their bodies are stronger，”Dr. Lopez said. The same rule applies to active teenagers.

Dr. Lopez suggests one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercise，together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities.“These are really important in order to prevent injuries,” Dr. Lopez said. Some weight­training and other body­strengthening exercises could also be planned in the programme in order to increase the person’s strength.

1. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Active people always have a high fitness level.

B．Overweight people always take more exercise.

C．Keeping fit means changing teenagers’ lifestyle.

D．Inactive teenagers are not seriously overweight.

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?

A．Physical exercise can make the teenagers grow taller.

B．Physical exercise can help teenagers become healthier.

C．Physical exercise can help to burn up calories.

D．Physical exercise can increase teenagers’ strength.

3. In order to prevent injuries you should do some ________．

A．walking exercises	B．streching and bending
C．riding	D．weight­training

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．Doing Exercise

B．Teenagers’ Fitness

C．Different Lifestyles

D．Overweight Teenagers

3 . One of the best parts of the school day is the time spent in the playground. It’s a chance to be with friends, run around and have fun. However, at the Rudyard Kipling Primary School in Brighton, things were getting too hard, so the teachers decided something had to be done. The school’s new rules, which restrict（限制）physical activities and encourage pupils only to touch if they are playing friendlier games, have attracted a lot of attention.

Most people say that they are a bad restriction. Parents of children at the school, in Brighton, East Sussex, talked about the bizarre rule —   saying their kids were now bored at playtime. A teacher for the school defended（辩护）the rules, saying, “We want to make sure the playground is a happy, safe and calm place where everyone can enjoy their lunchtime running around and getting the exercise that we know is important to them.”

Some people say that Rudyard Kipling Primary School’s decision is a good one because it makes the playground more fun for everyone. Not all children enjoy playing rough（剧烈的）games or sports at playtime. Friendlier games ensure everyone can join in. The teachers only have the pupils’ best interests at heart, so they should be trusted to make the right decision. Besides, if someone gets hurt in the playground, that                    could distract（分心）the teachers from other accidents.

However, some people think it’s an overreaction. Sometimes physical games can lead to injuries, but banning（禁止）such activities is unreasonable. In fact, it is only during physical games that you can build up your ability to recover quickly from falling over. Even if these physical activities aren’t your favorite way to spend break time, it’s difficult to see why they will be completely banned. Each pupil should be able to decide what they want to do. Besides, schools should be happy that their students want to exercise between classes as this will keep them fit and healthy, and teachers should encourage this, not prevent it.

1. What was the result of the tule made by the Rudyard Kipling Primary School?

A．It was made into law.	B．It was supported by parents.
C．It encouraged students to do sports.	D．It made the school widely discussed.

2. What does the underlined word “bizarre” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Simple.	B．Strange.
C．Important.	D．Reasonable.

3. What is one reason why some people think the school made a wise decision?

A．It saves more lunchtime.

B．It helps students pay more attention to their study.

C．It brings more fun to every kid.

D．It makes students more independent.

4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．Physical games can injure kids.

B．Physical games are good for students health.

C．Teachers should do sports with students.

D．Restricting physical activities is unreasonable.

4 . One major reason Americans don’t get enough exercise is that they feel they don’t have enough time. It can be difficult to squeeze in the 75 minutes of aerobic (有氧的) exercise per week that federal guidelines recommend.    1    .

In a new analysis of 14 studies, researchers tracked deaths among more than 232,000 people from the U.S., Denmark, the U.K. and China over at least five years, and compared the findings with people’s self-reports about how much they ran. People who said they ran any amount were less likely to die than those who didn’t run at all.    2     This was true even for those who didn’t log a great deal of time. The analysis divided people into groups, with 50 minutes or less per week representing the group that ran the least―but still ran. ‘‘Regardless of how much you run, you can expect such benefits,” says Zeljko Pedisic, one of the authors of the new analysis published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

The analysis is the latest to illustrate the benefits of running on the human body. It’s what we evolved (进化) to do.     3     But as leisure-time exercise, running keeps us healthy. “One of the best ways to avoid having to see a doctor,” Zeljko says, “is to stay physically active.”

    4     Running is good at guarding against cancer partly because it uses up blood sugar, starving the cancer cells that rely on it for fuel. And it protects you in other ways not necessarily measured in the latest research: by decreasing inflammation (炎症), for example, which is at the root of many diseases, and stimulating the production of a protein that improves brain health.

    5     Neither were how often people ran and the pace they kept. As long as you’re running, more isn’t always better, especially given that the risk of injury increases with repetition.

A．People may no longer hunt wild animals for their next meal.

B．The physical demands of running affect our body in a beneficial way.

C．Some people run to prevent disease, and others run because it makes them feel better.

D．Runners were 27% less likely to die for any reason, compared with nonrunners.

E．But researchers point out, to infer something like that, they need the whole population measured.

F．But new research suggests people may be able to get life-lengthening benefits by running for far less time.

G．The good news is that running more than 50 minutes per week wasn’t linked to additional protections against dying.

5 . Runners need to move 15 per cent faster on a treadmill(跑步机) to burn the same number of calories as jogging outdoors, research reveals.

Researchers from Milan University analyzed the difference between running outdoors and on a treadmill in 15 physically fit males with an average age of 21. The participants completed a sprint(短距离快速跑) for 30 seconds followed by 30 seconds of recovery for a total of 15 minutes both outdoors and on a treadmill. Oxygen use and exercise intensity were measured after both types of running.

The findings were published in the journal of Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. Results revealed that when on a treadmill, runners use significantly lower amounts of oxygen, suggesting less effort is required. Therefore runners must move 15 percent faster on a treadmill to burn the same amount of calories as exercising outdoors, the study stated. The study authors wrote, "A 15 per cent increase in running speed during a period of stopping and starting often in high intensity treadmill training session is the best possible solution to reaching the same physiological responses as an outdoor training session.

Although the study did not speculate why treadmill running appears to be needing less effort and energy, previous research suggests the moving belt of a treadmill moves joggers forward, causing them to move faster. Exercising indoors also means gym-goers do not have to fight with steep hills or wind resistance.

Michael Silverman, director of rehabilitation and wellness(康复科) at Northern Westchester Hospital in New York, said, “Outdoors, you are changing surfaces constantly, fighting the wind, and making quick and sudden starts and stops, which will lead to increased caloric burn.” Shake magazine reported. "And while we don't recommend running in extreme temperatures, it is worth noting that your body burns extra calories to regulate your body temperature," he says.

1. Where can you find the specific findings of the study?

A．In Paragraph 2

B．In Paragraph 3

C．In Paragraph 4

D．In Paragraph 5

2. What can we know about the study?

A．Its participants were all 21 years old .

B．Michael is one of the researchers.

C．It revealed why treadmill running consumes less calories .

D．It took oxygen use and exercise intensity into consideration .

3. Why does running on a treadmill seem easier according to the study ?

A．The runners need less energy.

B．The runners can usually get enough oxygen .

C．The moving belt pushes joggers forward .

D．The intensity of running on the treadmill is more stable .

4. What does the underlined word “speculate” mean ?

A．conclude

B．research

C．oppose

D．doubt

6 . It is easy to talk yourself out of exercising. Even when you have the best intentions to work out, excuse are so easy to find -“I’m too tired.” Or “I’m busy” or “the weather is bad”. Don’t worry!    1    

Take baby steps. You would never try to run 10 miles on one day, right? When you do too much too soon, you will end up injured and discouraged. Take it easy as you get started. Maybe you only run a quarter of a mile during your first week.    2    

Show the clock who is a boss. Health experts say you should aim for at least 150 minutes of exercise a week, plus weight training at least twice a week. If you work too late to get to a gym, keep a set of weights at home. If you can’t exercise for 30 minutes once, break the exercise up into several sections, for example, 10 or 15minutes once.

    3    You should let your workout become a habit, like brushing your teeth or eating breakfast. When it is part of your routine, you won’t even have to think about it. In a few months, fitness can be regular in your day.

Keep it real. You’re not going to lose 30 pounds in a week.    4    For example, increase your workout time from 2 to 3 days a week, or exercise for more minute each time.

Celebrate!    5    Therefore, even a pound of weight loss or a pound of muscle gain is the reason to reward yourself. Go out with friends, or buy a new pair of jeans.

A．Get used to it.

B．When it becomes easy for you, you can make it more challenging.

C．It takes weeks to see real changes.

D．Aim for something that’s realistic as a first step.

E．Keep a fitness journal to record your progress.

F．The following tricks can keep your fitness routine on track.

G．Do it for yourself.

7 . Many campuses have intramural (校内的) sports teams — teams that aren’t as competitive as other sports teams on campus.    1    But you can benefit greatly by taking part in intramural sports.

Intramural sport are an amazing stress reliever.

You’ll have no shortage of stress in college: exams, group projects, computer problems, etc.     2     Intramural competitions have a set schedule, so you’re practically forced to set aside time to run around with your friends. A little friendly competition will be a nice change of pace from the classroom.

    3    

While most students would like to go to the gym regularly, few actually do. With a predetermined time already in your schedule, your workout is more likely to happen. In addition, you’ll be more excited when you work out in a team. Thus you won’t want to cut the gym session short. Team sports are a great way to push you.

They’re a great way to meet people.

You may be getting used to seeing people of the same major. Intramural sports teams can be a great way to meet students you may not otherwise run into. In fact, you don’t necessarily need to know anyone to join an intramural team.     4    

It’s one of the few things you’ll do just for fun.

Many things you do in college have specific goals and purposes.     5     But you don’t need to assign a purpose to intramural sports. After all, you’re not making a profession out of it.

A．They provide great exercise.

B．Having purposes is possible.

C．And singing up can quickly expand your social circle.

D．They improve sports skills.

E．Joining an intramural team can take lots of time and energy.

F．For example, you work to pay for your school fee.

G．Thus it can be hard to fit fun into your busy life.