1 . Staying fit while indoors
During this special time, it’s a good idea to do some indoor exercises. Exercising has many benefits.
Run in place
Start by kicking your feet behind you as you run. Then, bring your knees up as high as possible when you feel like you’ve warmed up. Start by running in place for five minutes.
Work on mountain climbers.
Start by getting into a standard push-up (俯卧撑) position.
Begin by getting into a plank (平板支撑) position. Then, bend your elbows and lower yourself toward the floor but do not touch the floor. If this is too difficult, bend your knees as you do the push-ups. Start by doing a set of 10, and work your way up to three or four sets.
Tone your legs with squats (深蹲)
To do a squat, stand with your feet hip-width (与臀部同宽) apart. Then bend your legs. Bring your bottom as low as you can. Stand back up and repeat the motion. Work your way up to doing three sets of 20.
| A．Try planks (平板支撑) for full body toning (身体紧实) |
| B．If you want an added challenge, hold weights while you squat. |
| C．Do push-ups to tone your upper body |
| D．Then bring your left knee to your chest |
| E．If that is too difficult, lower yourself onto your elbows |
| F．The hard work will pay off big time |
| G．Then, try to run in place for ten minutes |
2 . Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind, football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering.
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between teams of climbers, but when climbers are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously team work. The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature, his sport requires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?| A．Differences between Golf and Mountaineering. | B．Sports and Games. |
| C．Mountaineering. | D．Why are so many people crazy about mountaineering? |
| A．mountain climbers usually compete in groups |
| B．mountaineers depend on each other while climbing |
| C．mountaineering climbers are free to use their own rules to climb |
| D．mountaineering is a sport not a game |
| A．team game | B．enjoyment |
| C．age | D．rules |
| A．there are no man-made rules for mountaineers |
| B．mountaineering is a sport and not a game |
| C．it is one of the most dangerous sports |
| D．mountaineering bring us more enjoyment than other sports |
3 . Why do you run? Different people have different reasons. Whatever your reason is, there’s one thing we can be sure of: Running is much better injury-free. In his book, Dr. Jordan Metzl’s Running Strong, Metzl has the perfect suggestions for enjoying your running without losing your well-being (健康). Here are five must-follow rules for injury-free running:
Train for your level of fitness and your goals.
Don’t run more miles than your body can deal with. If you run for fitness and your goal is about 30 minutes a day, that’s cool. But if you are just starting out,
Wear the right shoes for your feet.
You will hear lots of opinions about whether running shoes really help prevent injury and whether you should even wear them.
Be honest about how much sleep you need and stick to it. The cool runner is the one who wins the race. Sleep will get you there.
Fuel (提供能量) your body right for running and recovery.
Pay attention to pain.
When pain changes the way you run, stop running.
| A．Get seven to eight hours of sleep every night. |
| B．Try to find out what is going on and treat the pain. |
| C．you need to get there slowly. |
| D．Running should be seen as fun rather than pain. |
| E．It is because of the health benefits, including lowering your risk of disease. |
| F．The right running shoes can help correct foot-movement problems that lead to injury. |
| G．A good pre-run meal plan is one that keeps you stepping strong. |
4 . Until two weeks ago, sixth graders could be found playing football. Recess(课间休息)was a time to play, learn, and exercise. Then, football was banned for being “too dangerous”. Now you'll find us lying on the grass and wishing for something to fill our time with.
Football is a good source of exercise. The TIME for Kids article, “Fighting Fat in Kids,”talks about different ways to fight obesity(肥胖).
Some people think football is only for boys.
Football helps us learn important things.
Please allow football again at recess.
| A．In fact, that's not true. |
| B．We will be healthier, stronger kids if you do. |
| C．For example, we can learn to solve problems. |
| D．Football is a game that everyone can participate in. |
| E．These are the basic football rules for school children. |
| F．One of the reasons kids get fat is because they don't get enough exercise. |
| G．Football is a dangerous sport with injuries happening frequently to the head. |
5 . Finding time to do both homework and exercise is getting easier for students at a growing number of schools. Workout machines are appearing in many school libraries. The latest school to fix the Fit Desk Bike Desk is Troy University， which now has a total of six in the libraries. Over the past three years， the Bike Desks have also been fixed at four other universities.
The idea of pushing "active workplaces" is far from new. From standing offices to treadmill （跑步机）meetings， companies have been exploring the benefits of getting employees up from their desks-benefits that include higher morale （士气）and improved work performance. And a recent study that focuses on younger children suggests a strong connection between physical activities and good grades.
Chris Shaffer， who is director of library services at Troy University， says he thought it would be worth experimenting with the machines. "The final goal is to make the library a welcoming place that our students want to visit"， says Shaffer， "If we can find a way to let our students study and become healthier at the same time， then I am all for it. " He says the experiment is so successful so far that the university has ordered three additional Bike Desks.
Troy junior Niquette says the bikes have been in use every day he has visited the library. "Keeping a proper diet and exercise schedule during college is near impossible， "he says， "These offer a special way to study and I hope the university continues to add more." Senior Raven hasn't used the Bike Desks yet but says she wishes they'd been fixed sooner. "I remember being a junior and the gym is so crowded， with the smell of sweat， loud music and people moving around，" Raven says， "I think the machines are a great idea. You can do sports quietly while others focus on their study.
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph？ ______| A．University students are doing more exercise now. |
| B．Doing homework is easy for university students now. |
| C．Troy University introduced the Bike Desk to other schools. |
| D．Fixing workout machines in libraries is becoming popular. |
| A．The types of exercise at workplaces. |
| B．The explanation of work performance. |
| C．The development of active workplaces. |
| D．The benefits of exercising during work and study. |
| A．To make the library attractive to students. |
| B．To make students become healthier. |
| C．To help students to get good grades. |
| D．To do experiments on the machines. |
| A．They are easy to ride. |
| B．They are really useful. |
| C．They make the library noisy. |
| D．They distract students. |
6 . Running is becoming popular these days. Many people run to keep fit.
•Set right goals
•Wear suitable shoes
Once you’ve decided to try out running, it's time to get yourself new shoes, as the wrong pair can cause foot pain. Wearing the wrong shoes can destroy your workout plan.
•Eat properly before or after a run
Some of you don't eat before or after a workout. Your body needs energy to exercise.
• Run out of the city
If you live in a busy city, running along city streets is the easiest way to get in the miles, but if it's possible, find a less polluted space for your long runs.
| A．Fresh air cleans our lungs. |
| B．It is a good, inexpensive way to get into shape, |
| C．It’s exciting to start running, but don’t set your goals too high. |
| D．Another side effect of skipping meals is to make you feel tired. |
| E．And not eating properly will affect your mental and physical being, |
| F．Therefore, before running, you should go to the shoe store to buy a new pair of running shoes. |
| G．Research shows that running in polluted air doesn’t give you the same benefits (好处) as running in clean air. |
7 . You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?
If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.
“The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.
Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.
“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”
Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式),” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”
There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.
1. According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?| A．Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team. |
| B．David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny. |
| C．Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals. |
| D．Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game |
| A．There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone. |
| B．Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded. |
| C．Kids should be given trophies for trying their best. |
| D．It is necessary to encourage kids' participation in sports. |
| A．honor | B．choose |
| C．value | D．stress |
| A．Who deserves a trophy? | B．All kids deserve a trophy |
| C．What does a trophy deserve? | D．Best player deserves a trophy |
8 . Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. Following the rules, planning your next move and acting as a team member are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.
Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating .
Many children’s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones, which sharpens the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in hunting.
Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.
Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it — some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.
Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.
1. What are children expected to learn Through playing hide-and-seek?| A．Be a team leader | B．Obey the basic rules |
| C．Act as a grown-up | D．Predict possible danger |
| A．Games can describe life in an exciting way |
| B．Games can turn real-life experiences into a play |
| C．Games can make learning life skills more interesting |
| D．Games can change people’s views of sporting events |
| A．It inspires people’s deep love for the country. |
| B．It proves the exceptional skills of the winners. |
| C．It helps the country out of natural disasters. |
| D．It earns the winners fame and fortune. |
| A．Bringing fun to poor kids. |
| B．Providing soccer balls for children. |
| C．Giving poor kids a chance for a better life. |
| D．Attracting soccer players to help poor kids. |
9 . Along with soccer, basketball is a global sport. As you read this. young people somewhere in the world are happily passing, dribbling(运球) and shooting. It’s enormous fun and a joyful way to spend time with others.
Basketball is a game for everyone. Unlike golf or tennis. it doesn't require great wealth or a lot of space to play. After all, not many people have a golf course-sized backyard. and tennis equipment is expensive. Basketball, by contrast, just needs a wall with a hoop and a ball.
So after its invention by Canadian-American physical educator James Naismith in 1891, the sport took off within US citizens, who quickly became attracted to the game because it suited their circumstances. Today, 127 years later, basketball remains one of the most popular sports in the US, and the National Basketball Association (NBA)has an increasing appeal for fans around the world.
The success of basketball as global phenomenon is undoubtedly related to the way African-Americans play the game.” The basketball court reflected some of the major cultural shifts in America, such as from forbidding African-Americans to play basketball to allowing them to play in the NBA, "the LIVESTRONG website noted.
From the 1950s onwards, segregation rules, which had prohibited African-Americans from playing basketball in NBA games, were no longer used in the US. In 1950, when Earl Lloyd started to play for the Washington Capitols, things began to change. Since then, most of the greats of the game have been African-Americans, like Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, Kobe Bryant and LeBron James.
It's not difficult to see that there's a strong link between political liberation and basketball. Something of this is expressed in a quote from the US author John Edgar Wideman. He makes a connection between basketball and hope:" When it's' played the way it's supposed to be played. basketball happens in the air; flying, floating, raised above the floor, letting the oppressed(受压制的) people of this earth imagine themselves in their dreams.”
1. What advantage does basketball have over golf or tennis, according to the author?| A．It can be played everywhere. |
| B．It doesn't cost much. |
| C．It doesn't require too much skill. |
| D．It interests almost everyone. |
| A．The sport was created by a PE teacher. |
| B．The sport was not popular with people at first. |
| C．Its rules have been changed a lot to suit new circumstances. |
| D．The NBA. with a history of 127 Years. attracts people worldwide |
| A．explain the origin and rules of NBA games in the 1950s |
| B．prove the popularity of basketball among African-Americans |
| C．stress the success African-Americans in basketball |
| D．show how racial integration took place in basketball |
| A．Basketball is sometimes a useful tool for politicians. |
| B．American people usually have a basketball dream. |
| C．Basketball stands for the freedom and hopes of people. |
| D．Political oppression is a serious problem in the US. |
10 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sport might have great influence on the environment.
Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(高尔夫球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortages in some local areas.
In fact, there are many environment friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don't need any special equipment except a pair of good shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk can regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and control your weight better.
Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be "green gyms". They are better replacements(代替物) for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it's free.
1. What do we know about golf from the passage?| A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain. |
| B．It needs water and energy to keep its courses green |
| C．It pollutes the earth with chemicals and waste. |
| D．It causes water shortages around the world. |
| A．it uses fewer resources |
| B．it improves our health |
| C．it is an outdoor sport |
| D．it is recommended by experts |
| A．Playing basketball in a gym. |
| B．Motor racing in the desert. |
| C．Cycling around a lake. |
| D．Swimming in a sports center. |
| A．To show us the function of major sports. |
| B．To encourage us to go in for green sports. |
| C．To discuss the major influence of popular sports. |
| D．To introduce different types of environment friendly spors. |
