1 . Young Artist Award
Qualification
The competition is open to all schools including pre-schools in Fife, Scotland. Teachers have the right to pre-select pupils’ works before submitting entries from the school. Entries will not be accepted from the children or relatives of employees of the Museums of the University of St Andrews or any other person who is directly concerned with the organization of the competition.
Format of artwork
Works may be created in any forms including painting, sculpture, drawings, prints, photography, pottery, etc.
How to submit your entry
Entries can be made through the relevant school or directly by pupils from home.
Entries can be submitted via email or WeTransfer to museumlearning@st-andrews.ac.uk.
Entries may also be delivered by post.
It will not be possible to hand-deliver entries.
Information needed
Each individual entry must have the following information marked clearly on it otherwise it will not be considered:
*Pupil’s name
*Class and age
*Name of teacher /school contact (if entered via school) OR home address and contact email address if entered from home
*School name, address, email and telephone number
Prizes
All schools who enter the competition will receive a specially designed certificate in acknowledgement and recognition of their participation. In addition, winning pupils will receive:
1st place: Young Artist Award Medal and £40 token (代金券) for art materials
2nd place: Young Artist Award Medal and £25 token for art materials
3rd place: Young Artist Award Medal and £10 token for art materials
No alternative to any prize is available and the prizes shall be non-transferable.
Competition closing date
Entries must be received no later than 5 pm on 19th June this year.
1. Who is qualified to take part in this competition?| A．A high school student from England. | B．A kindergarten kid from Fife, Scotland. |
| C．A home schooled student from Scotland. | D．An employee of the University of St Andrews. |
| A．Those delivered by hand. |
| B．Those posted on 20th June. |
| C．Those sent from home without a school address. |
| D．Those made through school without a home address. |
| A．Some art materials. | B．A certificate. |
| C．£40 in cash. | D．A medal. |
2 . Children need exercise. Parents often worry that making time for sports or even for just playing games is going to take away from their kids’ study. But actually, this is not true. There have been huge numbers of studies that all show that kids who are physically fit are better in school, get better grades, and have higher intelligence scores than kids who are unfit. And that is probably because during the life, even into old age, there’s a strong connection between a healthy hear and a healthy brain.
The brain is the most important organ that your circulatory (循环的) system has to feed. It takes up a lot of the body’s oxygen and a lot of the body’s energy. And unlike most of your tissues, your brain can’t live very long without blood supply. You cut blood supply off for about five minutes and parts of the brain start dying. So some illnesses that cut off blood flow to the brain in older people are a key cause of cognitive (认知的) difficulty with age. And even in little kids, being physically fit clearly improves intellectual performance.
The other thing parents should be thinking about is that in childhood your kid needs about 90 minutes a day of active moving around, and parents should really focus, I think, on making sure that that’s fun, first of all. You don’t want to use exercise as punishment. And you also, I think, want to have them doing something that could maybe continue into adulthood. However much your kids like climbing trees, they’re not going to be doing that when they’re 40, not most of us anyway.
And if you give them a sport or a taste for hiking or a taste for yoga, something that grown-ups do, you greatly reduce the chance that they’re going to be one of the large numbers of adults who are not active. Usually that change happens around the age of 13 or so.
1. What is the worry of parents about their children?| A．Their children are not physically fit. |
| B．Their children wouldn’t like to take up sports. |
| C．Playing games does harm to their children’s health. |
| D．Exercise may be bad for their children’s study. |
| A．Because there is not enough blood supply for the brain. |
| B．Because the brain takes up a lot of the body’s oxygen. |
| C．Because the brain is the most important organ. |
| D．Because their blood supply for the brain is completely cut off. |
| A．Parents can use exercise as punishment. |
| B．Parents should pay attention to kids’ exercise |
| C．Parents should do more exercise that is fun. |
| D．Parents can’t allow their kids to climb trees. |
| A．A helpful book. |
| B．A famous film |
| C．A kind of physical exercise. |
| D．An effective punishment |
3 . In recent years, more and more people have started to take up sports and fitness. Whether you’re trying to get fit, build muscle (肌肉), or you’re just tired of the sofa, here are some changes you can expect along the way.
You may find that working out gives you more energy at first. But prepare yourself for the day after, when you’ll have aches in your muscles for about 72 hours. However, the good news is you’re less likely to have them again as long as you continue to regularly exercise those same muscles.
Over the next few weeks, you’ll start to feel fitter, and your endurance (耐力)will increase. So running three miles will no longer feel as difficult as it did during the first week. If you focus on strength training for half a year, you’ll notice your muscles begin to take shape. After one year of regular exercise, your bones will be stronger and be less likely to become weak and break easily.
Research has shown that if you’re exercising regularly you’re going to live longer than you would if you didn’t exercise. Exercise makes people feel more happy and satisfied, because it lowers the risk of being anxious and depressed by reducing levels of stress. Of course, all of these benefits depend on the type and strength of your workout and how long you exercise for each week.
On top of that, make sure you spend at least two days each week to strengthen your muscles. This will help your overall speed and endurance. As you begin, it’s important to pace yourself and not to push too hard or too fast, or you’ll be at risk of serious injury.
1. After the first-day exercise, you will ______.| A．feel healthy | B．feel less tired |
| C．have pains in your muscles | D．be filled with energy |
| A．Your endurance will improve. |
| B．You’ll jump higher. |
| C．Your bones will be stronger. |
| D．Your muscles begin to take shape. |
| A．Excited | B．Blue | C．Nervous | D．Pleased |
| A．Entertainment | B．Culture | C．Sports | D．Politics |
4 . Recess for Kids
Ask a group of kids about their favorite part of the school day and many will talk about something that happened at recess. Maybe they finally made it across the monkey bars (单杠). Maybe somebody kicked the ball over the fence. Maybe a fruit tree in a neighboring yard started to drop apples on the playground.
It’s true not just according to kids, but also to adults who study recess for kids. Whether they’re inventing a new game or sitting under a tree, kids need a break — or several of them — during the school day.
Why Kids Need Recess.
There's no debate that recess, or mainly referred to as physical activity, is good for kids.
You can’t have your brains go hours at a time and retain and store information in working memory.
How Much Recess Should Kids Get.
“Ideally, children should get four 15-minute recesses every day”, says Debbie Rhea, a professor from Texas Christian University, who advocates for outdoor play in schools.
In addition to simply providing enough time for recess, schools should teach skills that will make recess more successful. For instance, letting kids run fast will help them develop coordination.
| A．How to Make Recess Better. |
| B．Who should help kids recess. |
| C．You need time away to process it. |
| D．This recommendation has been widely accepted. |
| E．Any one of these things is a marker of a good recess. |
| F．Maybe running up the slide is not as unsafe as it looks. |
| G．We wouldn’t have kids sitting there for math or reading for long hours. |
5 . Ronnie Schultz, a 66-year-old who lives in Manhattan, finds creative ways to work on her balance daily. She believes that balance is the key to living a longer, more fulfilling life, a theory that is now backed by science.
Establish a Balance-Focused Exercise Routine.
Every week, Schultz works virtually with a yoga teacher to learn new balancing techniques and receive guidance.
Over time, she’s built confidence in her mobility and balance, which affords her the opportunity to function on a high level and to continue to do the things she loves.
Incorporate Balance in Daily Life.
“I brush my teeth on one leg,” Shultz says. “I have a two-minute timer on my electric toothbrush, and I hardly ever touch the sink. I don’t want to lose that opportunity to do a balancing pose.”
Have a Beginner’s Mindset.
Schultz started exercising at age 41, after she experienced major health problems with an arrhythmic heart, and high blood pressure.
“I didn’t do it overnight, and I didn’t love it at the beginning.” Schultz says.
Beyond motivation, Schultz is consistent and chooses to practice balancing exercises she is not particularly strong at. And she makes it a point to work on her balance, especially on the days she doesn’t feel like it.
Schultz plans to continue in multiple ways. Her perspective is that maintaining good balance will help her live a longer, more fulfilling life, and that makes balancing worth it.
“What makes me do it is my life. And I’m hoping if I stay healthy, it will keep me here longer because I value my life and my time here.”
| A．Balance to strengthen self-worth |
| B．Maintain good balance to be more successful |
| C．Now she enjoys balancing on one leg while working |
| D．There are some principles that she sticks to in the process |
| E．Schultz doesn’t miss a chance to become more skillful at balancing |
| F．But it was her illness with her heart that motivated her to get started |
| G．She takes care of herself, walks her dogs, cooks and moves around comfortably |
6 . Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely leading to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned(有身体条件的)athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆 动)and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most data, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里)per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1, 000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not hit the body as hard as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1. 4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries connected with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place much stress on the ankles (脚 踝) and hips (臀部), so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first communicate with a coach or experienced racer to learn proper skills, she says. It takes some practice.
1. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?| A．They must run long distances. |
| B．They do well in the marathon. |
| C．They have to follow special rules. |
| D．They are good at swinging their legs. |
| A．It’s more popular at the Olympics. |
| B．It’s less challenging physically. |
| C．It’s more effective in body building. |
| D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. |
| A．Getting experts’ opinions. |
| B．Having a medical examination. |
| C．Employing an experienced coach. |
| D．Doing regular exercises. |
| A．Puzzled. | B．Careful. | C．Supportive. | D．Worried. |
7 . Lindsay couldn’t go to her gym after Beijing shut down indoor sports facilities in May because of a coronavirus outbreak. So she started cycling and soon fell in love with the sport. “I realized a racing bicycle was quite different from a regular bike,” she said. “It’s very fast and exciting, and I couldn’t stop anymore.”
Bicycles have long been a means of transport in China and once outnumbered cars on city streets. Now cycling is also increasingly seen as a sport by the urban middle class that has benefited from China’s growth into the world’s second largest economy. Biking events organized by Beijing cycling club Qiyi totaled about 10,000 participants over the past year, with about 50% of them regulars. Nationwide, at least 20 million people are participating in the sport, according to the Chinese Cycling Association.
The pandemic has played a role, with authorities moving quickly to close non-essential businesses, including gyms, during outbreaks under a strict zero-COVID approach. Cycling, which can be done individually as well as in groups, has largely been free from restrictions that limit gathering. For cyclist Yang Lan, the reason why she loves cycling is that the sport provides an escape from the daily life in the coronavirus era. “With the pandemic, it seems to be the only way for us to run away from the terrible city life and pace,” she said.
People will have more choices for sports and entertainment when the pandemic is over. But Feng Baozhong, the vice president of the Chinese Cycling Association says that he expects cycling to remain popular. Because it’s driven by China’s growing economy, growth of the sports industry and increasing concern about health due to COVID-19. “The pursuit of health will not disappear,” he said, “and the popularity of cycling is also a sign of the public’s awareness of environmental protection and pursuit of a low-carbon lifestyle.”
1. How many people in the Qiyi club take part in cycling activities regularly?| A．More than 10,000. | B．Around 10,000. |
| C．Around 5,000. | D．Around 20,000,000. |
| A．She enjoys cycling alone. |
| B．She likes participating in cycling activities. |
| C．She can get a break from the city life. |
| D．She saves money by riding to work. |
| A．People are paying more attention to health issues. |
| B．China’s economy is getting worse due to the pandemic. |
| C．The sports industry is in crisis during the lockdown. |
| D．Other sports will replace cycling when the pandemic is over. |
| A．Pandemic Harms Cycling | B．Pandemic Fuels Cycling |
| C．Cycling Boosts Sports Industry | D．Cycling Means a Low-carbon Lifestyle |
8 . Rollerblading
Rollerblading is an excellent sport that just about anyone can enjoy. Experience and types of skating range in difficulty from simple fun skating to a much more aggressive style of skating.
After you have mastered the basics of rollerblading, you can begin to master the sport.
The sport of rollerblading has many variations and styles that allow competition.
Street skaters use any type of urban obstacle to perform amazing tricks ranging from jumps and slides to grinds and airs. Competitions in aggressive skating require contestants to perform increasingly difficult and dangerous tricks in order to outmatch their competitors.
| A．Each style requires different equipment. |
| B．Many freestyle skaters can also race on ice. |
| C．Aggressive skating is another popular form of the sport. |
| D．Free skating is a type about finishing as fast as possible. |
| E．So aggressive skating is an entertaining sports to watch. |
| F．Many people enjoy rollerblading for the simple pleasure of exercise. |
| G．In addition to emphasizing speed, free skating often includes different tricks. |
9 . Basketball is a team sport, and a good pass is very important. The pass is the action of moving the ball to create scoring opportunities. The pass calls for self-sacrifice for the greater good of the team.
The chest pass is a quick and accurate pass from the chest of the passer to the receiver.
In a bounce pass, the ball is bounced from the floor before reaching the receiver of the pass. The ball should bounce from that spot to arrive at your receiver above the knee and below the chest.
A baseball pass is best used for long distance passes.
Practice these passes and you are sure to become an offensive threat on the court.
| A．Power comes from the legs. |
| B．It sacrifices accuracy because of the distance. |
| C．Passing also helps boost the spirit of your team. |
| D．In other words, the ball should arrive at the receiver’s waist. |
| E．It is the most effective pass and fastest way to move the ball. |
| F．An overhead pass is a pass thrown with both hands over your head. |
| G．An effective pass is a combination of good timing, speed and accuracy. |
10 . Games like Pump It Up are enjoyable because it takes things that make games addictive—points, levels and challenges, for example—and puts them and physical movement together.
Have an objective.
When you’re playing a game, there’s always an objective.
Compete against others.
Research suggests that adding an element of competition to your exercise routine can actually help you work out harder.
Researchers found that collaboration—getting a group to work together toward a common goal—was also an effective way to increase physical activity. So grab a close friend or family member and bring them to the gym with you—there’s a reason why the “gym buddy” exists.
Add an element of novelty.
Some people love video games because there’s a lot of unpredictability and surprise. You can recreate this sense of wonder in your own exercises.
| A．Look for opponents. |
| B．Team up with partners. |
| C．It needs to be both specific and challenging. |
| D．You can participate in a step-tracking challenge. |
| E．Take photos of at least 5 different flowers on your neighborhood walk. |
| F．It helps you focus and motivates you to keep playing until you win the game. |
| G．This powerful combination motivates people to keep on playing and exercising. |
