1 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.

But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.

According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.

To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.

“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.

Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.

It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.

1. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?

A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.

B．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.

C．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.

D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.

2. Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment?

A．To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms.

B．To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high.

C．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high.

D．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released.

3. What does the underlined word “notion” mean?

A．Effect.

B．Goal.

C．Opinion.

D．Question

4. What can we know about regular workouts according to the UK’s National Health Service?

A．They can help ease depression symptoms.

B．They are the best way to treat depression.

C．They only work for those with serious depression.

D．They can help people completely recover from depression.

2 . Playing sports offers you more than just physical benefits (好处).     1     The benefits are the same whether or not you’re good at sports. If you are not good enough to play competitively on a school team, you can play sports with your friends.

Making new friends.

Playing sports enables you to create friendships you otherwise might not have formed.     2     You play together happily and gradually know each other. Many times, the friendships you create on the field remain strong when you are not playing sports.

Understanding the value of health.

Taking part in sports improves your health in many ways.     3     This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body so as to achieve the highest performance levels. Thus, playing sports can lead to better eating habits and prevent you from becoming too fat.

Building team spirit.

Sports provide children with the important lesson of learning how to work in a team.     4     By working together they will learn each other’s strengths and weaknesses and will be better able to decide and work out the best plan for the team. This will without doubt help them in their future lives and jobs as well.

    5    

Playing sports requires a lot of time and energy. Some may think this would take students’ attention away from schoolwork. However, the opposite is true. Sports require memorization, repetition and learning — skills that are directly relevant (有关的) to schoolwork.

A．Doing better in your studies.

B．Everyone has to work together to achieve the goal.

C．To be a good athlete, you must take care of yourself.

D．Sports can help you in your study and fit in with society as well.

E．Sports bring teens together from different schools and backgrounds.

3 . The decision on Tuesday by Japan and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to postpone the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games until next summer because of the novel corona virus pandemic (流行病) must have been a hard one to make.

Although the Games have been canceled three times in all, in 1916, 1940 and 1944 — due to the two world wars in the modern Olympics’history of more than 120 years, never before have any Games been postponed to a different year.

Nevertheless,the decision is the right one. If it is not brought under control, the harm done to human society by the pandemic could be more serious and far-reaching than even the two world wars. Given the number of countries affected and social and economic shock waves that have been caused by the rapid spread of the virus,postponing the Games is the only right and sensible choice to make.

After all, nothing is more important than people’s lives. Postponing the Games not only safeguards the health of athletes,audiences and everyone involved in the Games, but also reduces potential transmission of the virus from one place to another. Even looking at it from only a sporting level, the pandemic has already caused huge disruptions (扰乱) to athletes’ training and the qualification process.

It is undoubtedly a big blow for Japan, which has prepared meticulously for the largest sports event in the world, including renovating and upgrading its infrastructure and sports venues, such as rebuilding Tokyo’s Olympic Stadium at cost of$1.45 billion. Japan will suffer huge loss at least in the short term.

The international community owes a big “thank you” to Japan for all it has done for the Games despite the postponement. That’s why the Games will still be called the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020 despite taking place in 2021. The Olympic flame will also remain stored and displayed in Japan.

More importantly,all members in the Olympic family, guided by the Olympic spirit of respect and understanding are morally bound to stand behind Japan to go through this most difficult moment in the Games’ history.

1. What does the word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The decision.

B．The Games.

C．The pandemic.

D．The war.

2. How many times have the Olympics been put off to a different year?

A．One.

B．Two.

C．Three.

D．Four.

3. We know from the passage________.

A．the Games should be put off in times of war and disaster

B．the Games will still be called Tokyo 2020 Games for its sacrifice

C．postponing the Games will have a bad influence on the athletes

D．the Olympic family will have to make up for the loss of Japan

4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．The whole world will support Japan.	B．Japan will keep the Olympic flame burning.
C．Postponing the Games will bring the world hope.	D．Tokyo will become the symbol of the Games.

4 . What sport does the woman like?

A．Skating.

B．Skiing.

C．Swimming.

5 . If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.     1     Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.     2    

Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start.     3     If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

    4     Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

    5     If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A．You will stick to your diet.

B．Your quality of sleep improves.

C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.

E．You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.

F．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!

6 . 某英文报健康栏目征文。请你根据下面的内容提示，写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对健康的看法。
1.健康的重要性；
2.你的建议：饮食、锻炼、养成良好的生活习惯等。
注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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7 .

LOST AND FOUND	ROOMMATES
FOUND: Cat, 6 months old, black and white marking. Found near Linden and South U. Steve, 800-4661.	FEMALE ROOMMATE WANTED Own room near campus. Available December 1. Rent $80 per month until March 1st. $129 Thereafter. Call Jill for details. 800-7839.
LOST: Gold wire rim glasses in brown case. Campus area. Reward. Call Gregg 800-2896.	Need person to assume lease for own bedroom in apt. Near campus, $92/mo. Starting Jan. 1st. Call 800-6157 after 5 pm.
FORSALE	HELP WANTED
MOVING: Must sell. TV b/w 12, $50; AM/FM transistor radio A/C or battery, $15; cassette tape recorder, $10; music records. Call John or Pat, 800-0739 after 5 pm or weekends.	BABYSITTER—MY HOME If you are available a few hours during the day, some evenings and occasional weekends to care for 2 school-age children, please call Gayle Moore days 800-1111, evenings and weekends 800-4964.
USED FUR COATS and JACKETS. Good condition. $50-$125. Call 800-0436 after 12 noon.	WAITRESS WANTED. 10am-2pm or 10:30 am-5pm. Apply in person, 207S. Main, Curtis Restaurant.

1. What was lost in campus area according to the LOST AND FOUND ads?

A．A Cat.	B．A radio.
C．A pair of glasses.	D．A cassette tape recorder.

2. You will call ________if you want to buy a radio.

A．800-0436.

B．800-0739

C．800-4661

D．800-4964

3. If you want a job of taking care of children, which ad will you answer?

A．LOST AND FOUND.	B．ROOMMATES.
C．FOR SALE.	D．HELP WANTED.