1 . 语篇填空

The term “extreme sports”, which we might have seen on a magazine or a website,     1    (be) becoming more and more common as the concept of extreme sports gains     2     (popular). But what are extreme sports on earth?

During the 1970s and 1980s, the term was used for sports with high risks     3     (involve). Today, however, the sports also include activities that give a feeling of adventure without    4    (necessary) putting a participant’s life in danger. For every extreme sport, there is professional equipment that has been developed     5     (protect) your body, improve your performance and give you    6     advantage in the competition.

Extreme sports cover a wide range. Some     7     (develop) from familiar activities so far, like mountain biking, climbing and drag race. Some may not be well known. For instance, bouldering is a kind of rock climbing     8     no rope is used.     9     usually takes place in an area with large rocks or in climbing center.

Nowadays, such sports have become more popular     10     young people all over the world than ever before.

2 . Olympic host cities are generally considered to be equipped with advanced technology and expensive facilities. Now, people can just go there for a little Olympic-level entertainment.

Athens, Greece (1896 and 2004)

Home to the first modern Olympic games in 1896, Athens' history of the Olympic tradition dates back several thousand years. Every four years, the Olympic torch is lit at the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens before beginning its long journey to the new host city. Visitors can walk through the Olympic Velodrome in the Olympic Sports Complex and step back in time at the 50,000-seat stadium.

Barcelona, Spain(1992)

These days Barcelona is among the world's most visitable cities even without Olympic fame, but that isn't always the case. The telecommunications tower built for the games by Spanish architect Calatrava is also an iconic(图像的） device of the city's skyline, and its Olympics stadium- Montjuic Stadium is regularly used to host A-list musical performances like The Rolling Stones, Madonna, and Beyonce.

St Moritz, Switzerland(1924 and 1948)

Appropriately, the town that invented Alpine tourism has hosted the Winter Olympics twice, and continues to make use of its many sports facilities-if you can afford to get there. Stay at the Kulm Hotel for the easiest access to the Kulm Country Club, where guests can skate on the same lake used by mid-century Olympians, or test your courage on the Olympia Bob Run, one of the few places where you can ride a full-speed Olympic bobsled(双人雪橇） on a run constructed entirely of ice.

Sydney, Australia (2000)

The turn-of-the-century Sydney Summer Olympics were named the "Green Games" by the International Olympic Committee (10C) and were designed to introduce a more environmentally conscious way of hosting the event. The structure that best shows Sydney's efforts to be an example of continuing Olympic development is the ANZ Stadium.

1. Where does the host city get the Olympic torch lit?

A．At the Panathenaic Stadium.

B．At the Olympic Sports Complex.

C．At the Montjuic Stadium.

D．At the ANZ Stadium.

2. Who will probably choose to visit St.Moritz?

A．Those fond of ice-sports.

B．Those fond of listening to opera.

C．Those interested in popular music.

D．Those interested in Olympic history.

3. What's special about Sydney Olympic Games?

A．Their designers are from Spain.

B．They are thought poorly of by the IOC.

C．They are hosted in an environmentally friendly way.

D．Their design intention is proposed by Sydney authority.

3 . Every person has time for exercise. The way is to take steps to include exercise convenient for your lifestyle. After I started getting into a habit of exercising, I was surprised by how much I could get done in a day, both physically and mentally. You can make exercise a part of your daily lifestyle.     1    

Start small

One of the reasons exercise programs fail is that we bite off more than we can chew. Instead of telling yourself you’re going to exercise today for an hour, tell yourself you’re going to exercise for five minutes.     2    

Break your exercise into parts.

No time for 30 minutes of exercise? No problem. Do three bouts (一回) of 10 minutes, or six bouts of five minutes each.    3     Just keep a running table of how many minutes you exercise each day to ensure you’re getting the minimum you desire.

    4    

Devices such as Fitbit activity trackers (跟踪系统) turn exercise into a game of sorts. Each day, you can measure how many steps you’ve taken. Many people find this attractive to their competitive spirits, and they and they take great pains to meet their goals. The technology is there, and it’s very affordable.

Exercise with someone else.

    5     You don’t want to let him or her down, even if you’re feeling like you’d rather not work out. Find someone and start moving. You’ll be able to inspire one another and celebrate your success.

A．Use technology to help.

B．Always stay active with exercise.

C．Yes, just five minutes and get up to walk around.

D．Here are four steps to help you do it effectively.

E．You’ll still get the same time, no matter how you break it down.

F．High-tech products are becoming popular with many young people.

G．It’s much more difficult to say “no” to exercise when you have an exercise partner.

4 . The decision on Tuesday by Japan and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to postpone the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games until next summer because of the novel coronavirus pandemic must have been a hard one to make.

Although the Games have been canceled—three times in all, in 1916, 1940 and 1944—due to the two world wars in the modern Olympics’ history of more than 120 years, never before have any Games been postponed to a different year.

Nonetheless, the decision is the right one. If it is not brought under control, the harm done to human society by the pandemic could be more serious and far-reaching than even the two world wars. Given the number of countries affected and social and economic shock waves that have been caused by the rapid spread of the virus, postponing the Games is the only right and sensible choice to make.

After all, nothing is more important than people’s lives. Postponing the Games not only safeguards the health of athletes, audiences and everyone involved in the Games, but also reduces potential transmission of the virus from one place to another. Even looking at it from only a sporting level, the pandemic has already caused huge disruptions to athletes’ training and the qualification process.

It is undoubtedly a big blow for Japan, which has prepared meticulously for the largest sports event in the world, including renovating and upgrading its infrastructure and sports venues, such as rebuilding Tokyo’s Olympic Stadium at cost of $1.45 billion. Japan will suffer huge loss at least in the short term.

The international community owes a big “thank you” to Japan for all it has done for the Games despite the postponement. That’s why the Games will still be called the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020 despite taking place in 2021. The Olympic flame will also remain stored and displayed in Japan.

More importantly, all members in the Olympic family, guided by the Olympic spirit of respect and understanding are morally bound to stand behind Japan to go through this most difficult moment in the Games’ history.

1. What does the word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The decision.

B．The Games.

C．The pandemic.

D．The war.

2. What does the underlined word “meticulously” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Wisely.

B．Recently.

C．Easily.

D．Precisely.

3. We know from the passage ________.

A．the Games should be put off in times of war and disaster

B．the Games will still be called Tokyo 2020 Games for its sacrifice

C．postponing the Games will have a bad influence on the athletes

D．the Olympic family will have to make up for the loss of Japan

4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．The whole world will support Japan.	B．Japan will keep the Olympic flame burning.
C．Postponing the Games will bring the world hope.	D．Tokyo will become the symbol of the Games.

5 . If you're out for a run, what difference does it make if you're able to tough it out for another 50 seconds? If you're less than a minute from the top of the hill, that extra time can make the difference between having reached your goal and snatching defeat from the jaws of victory.

How do you get those extra seconds of energy? A research team at the Texes Tech University developed a study to measure what effect listening to music would have on exercise tolerance. The researchers based the study on a stress testing. As part of the testing, they noted any changes in heart rate and blood pressure as participants underwent physically stressful exercise.

The tests were done on treadmills (跑步机), which increased in both speed and incline (坡度) through three stages. In the final stage, the treadmills moved at 10 miles per hour at a 14-percent grade. Most of these tests were designed to last up to 40 minutes. The average gym-goers lasted 30 minutes. For this study, they divided 127 participants into two groups. One listened to upbeat(快节奏) music, while the other group had earbuds in but did not listen to music.

The group that listened to music was able to outlast the non-music group by an average of 50.6 seconds. Again, being able to go an extra minute may seem like a no-brainer ,but “after 30 minutes, you feel like you are running up a mountain, so even being able to go 50 seconds longer means a lot," said the study's lead author, Waseem Shami, MD.

The study has confirmed something runners and gym-goers have suspected for years: Listening to music during workout can be beneficial to your endurance. "Our findings reinforce the idea that upbeat music can help you exercise longer and stick with a daily exercise routine," said Shami. When doctors are recommending exercise, they might suggest listening to music, too."

1. Why did Shami’s team conduct the research?

A．To test the effect of music on health.	B．To know the cause of failure in sports.
C．To improve runners' exercise tolerance.	D．To record the body change of participants

2. What did the researchers than about the Participants in the stress testing?

A．They ran much faster than average runners.	B．They created a new record of indoor sports.
C．They could run a little longer with music on.	D．They all enjoyed extreme physical challenge

3. What do the underlined words “a no-brainer” mean in paragraph 4?

A．A dull activity.	B．A foolish action.
C．A demanding task.	D．An easy practice

4. What did Shami suggest us doing in the last paragraph ?

A．Developing a daily exercise routine.	B．Listening to music while working out
C．Participating in physical stress testing.	D．Taking exercise as doctors recommend.

6 . The exciting game of football

Football is one of the most popular sports in the US.     1     That kind involves kicking a round ball into a net and is called soccer in North America. American football, however, uses a ball that is pointy (尖的) on both ends. While it does include some kicking, there is more throwing and catching involved.

In football, there are 11 players from each team on the field at one time. Each team tries to move the ball across the opposing team's goal line to score. The quarterback (四分卫) throws the ball, and the person who catches it tries to run past the opposing team's players. The way to stop someone running with the ball is to tackle him. That means hitting right against him and trying to knock him down to the ground.     2    

The biggest professional football organization in the US is the National Football League (NFL). The NFL championship game is called the Super Bowl, and it is one of the most watched television events around the globe.      3     For example, millions of toilets are flushed (冲洗) at the same time during half-time. Also, 14,500 tons of chips are consumed during the game.

Most sports fans are happy with just sitting in the stands and cheering on their teams.     4    They dress themselves in their team's colors. Some of the excitement happens before the games even begin. Fans gather and hang out in the parking lots outside the stadiums and have huge parties.     5     There are also endless amounts of sodas and beers. All of these combined with the game itself make football one huge and popular social event.

A．However, it isn't the game of football played in other parts of the world.

B．As a result, professional players have to be strong and quick.

C．It is an exciting sport that can sometimes get pretty rough.

D．There are many amazing facts about the Super Bowl.

E．It is also the wealthiest sports league in the world.

F．Everything from sandwiches to chips is served.

G．For some, that is not enough.

7 . Fitness trackers are designed to record your physical activity. They are usually worn around the        wrist, where they measure a persons heart rate. Many people wear them in the hope of losing weight.       But a new study finds the electronic device probably does not help with weight loss, according to the       researchers from the University of Pittsburgh in the US.

The University of Pittsburgh research team watched two groups of individuals. The first group wore a        fitness tracker and took part in health counseling. The researchers compared this group with people who only took part in health counseling. The study found that those who simply had health counseling lost more weight than those who had counseling and wore a fitness tracker. In fact, those who only spoke with the health experts lost nearly six kilograms. Those who used a fitness tracker lost only three and a half kilograms.

John Jakicic is the lead researcher. He is also chairman of the university’s Department of Health and        Physical Activity. He questioned the use of electronic devices as tools for weight control and conducted        a study which involved 470 people between the ages of 18 and 35. Some of them were overweight,       while others were heavier and considered obese. Over three fourths of the people were women. All       people were told to have their weight measured once every six months over the two-year study. After       six months, researchers divided the group into two parts: one continued with monthly counseling, while members of the other group were given a wearable fitness tracker. Eighteen months later,both groups       showed significant improvements in body fitness. However, when it came to losing weight, the people       who only spoke with the health experts lost nearly twice as much weight.

1. Which of the following methods is used by the researchers?

A．The prediction method.	B．The comparison method.
C．The reference method.	D．The measurement method.

2. From John Jakicic's research. we can know that______.

A．fitness trackers are very useful for those who want to lose weight.

B．we can rely on electronic devices to control weight.

C．electronic devices are not that useful as we thought in helping people lose weight.

D．fitness trackers are designed to record your physical activity.

3. What do you think the author will discuss next?

A．Why they did this research.

B．What advantages the wearable fitness tracker can bring us.

C．Why the former group members lost more weight than the latter.

D．How to choose a suitable wearable fitness tracker.

8 . Who will you ask for help when you want to learn something? A friend? A tutor? These are all _____ways of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want_____ somewhere else. I had the_____ of seeing this first hand on a_______

My daughter played on a recreational football team. Her team did very well this season and so ____a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some ____ experiences on Saturday as they played against teams_____trained. Through the first two games, her_____ did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I _____ seeing my daughter playing her best, _____still defeated.

It seemed that something clicked with the______between Saturday and Sunday. When they_____for their Sunday game, they were______different. They had begun integrating(结合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had ______ the day before into their ______.They played aggressively and ______scored a goal.

It ______me that playing against the other team was a great ______ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. ______is the best teacher. The lessons they learnt from the games may not be_____what they would have got in school. But the lessons are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.

1.

A．public

B．traditional

C．official

D．special

2.

A．passes

B．works

C．lies

D．ends

3.

A．dream

B．idea

C．habit

D．chance

4.

A．trip

B．holiday

C．weekend

D．square

5.

A．won

B．entered

C．organised

D．watched

6.

A．painful

B．strange

C．common

D．practical

7.

A．less

B．poorly

C．newly

D．better

8.

A．fans

B．tutors

C．class

D．team

9.

A．imagined

B．hated

C．avoided

D．missed

10.

A．if

B．or

C．but

D．as

11.

A．girls

B．parents

C．coaches

D．viewers

12.

A．dressed up

B．showed up

C．made up

D．planned out

13.

A．slightly

B．hardly

C．basically

D．completely

14.

A．seen

B．known

C．heard

D．read

15.

A．style

B．training

C．game

D．rule

16.

A．even

B．still

C．seldom

D．again

17.

A．confused

B．struck

C．reminded

D．warned

18.

A．touching

B．thinking

C．encouraging

D．learning

19.

A．Experience

B．Independence

C．Curiosity

D．Interest

20.

A．harmful to

B．mixed with

C．different from

D．applied to

9 . Many ski resorts are built and opened in Beijing.Skiing has become a popular sport and enjoyed rapid growth in the past ten years.A lot of people have been very eager to add bright-coloured ski suits to their winter collections And many choose to start the Chinese New Year by gathering in ski resorts.They do not have to worry about Beijing’s dry weather which seldom produces snow.As long as it is cold enough,snow-making machines will manage to cover the hills in the north of the capital.

This craze(一时的狂热)for skiing is partly due to the fact that there has been an increasing number of private cars.Leisure industry has taken off in Beijing's suburbs,which were unreachable to ordinary people at first.One manager of a ski resort said that most visitors drove their own cars to his resort,while the others took buses rented by schools,businesses or government offices.

The craze seems to make huge profits for resort owners.But,according to the manager,making money is yet the biggest challenge,since starting and running ski resorts require a large amount of money.Hiring land from the local government,preparing the hills for skiing,buying enough snow-making machines,renting ski equipment and paying for water and electronic bills all cost a lot.

The ski resort where the manager works costs nearly four million dollars to get everything read.What makes things worse is that too many people want a share in the leisure industry.People rush into the business and a price war breaks out,which in turn makes it more difficult for resort owners to balance.But this is good news for consumers.Beijing now offers some of the cheapest ski training classes in the world.It also helps skiing continue its growth since the low price is likely to attract more newcomers.

1. What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Convenience brought by private cars to skiers.

B．Skiing as a new way of enjoying one's spare time.

C．Things to be considered when starting a ski resort.

D．A sudden increase of ski training classes in Beijing.

2. What does the underlined words"leisure industry"in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Transport to ski resorts.

B．Production of family cars.

C．Business of providing spare time enjoyments.

D．Part-time jobs for people living in the suburbs.

3. What is the main problem in running a ski resort?

A．Difficulty in hiring land.	B．Lack of business experience.
C．Price wars with other ski resorts.	D．Shortage of water and electricity.

10 . 课文语法填空

The history of football     1     (go) back to Ancient China. But football we know today     2     (start) in Great Britain. That football is such     3     simple game that is perhaps the     4     (base) of its popularity. All over the world you can see kids     5     (play) to their hearts’ content     6     a ball. Another factor behind its popularity is the creativity and excitement. It is fun enough     7     (attract) millions of people. What’s more, it has become one of the best     8     (way) to communicate. For example, on Christmas Day 1914, World War Ⅰ     9     (break) out months before, but British and German soldiers put down arms and played football together. So football is much more     10     just a sport.