1 . A number of studies show that sports and other physical activities can contribute to the development of self-esteem (a feeling of pride in oneself). For example, Canadian scientists found that sixth-grade students who were more physically active had considerably higher levels of self-esteem. A study in Switzerland found that teenagers who took part in sports clubs were healthier, including being better socially adjusted, feeling less anxious, and generally being happier about their lives. Similar findings were reported in a study of Latino students, where participation in school sport was found to be greatly associated with self-esteem.

There seems little doubt that part of the potency (潜能) of sports lies in their social setting. There are a lot of facts showing the importance of social connectedness (关联性) for healthy child and teenager development, and sports offer a popular and engaging setting for social interactions. Involvement in team sports has been positively associated with social acceptance and a sense of belonging, especially where such involvement is characterized by positive coaching, progressive skill development, and peer support.

But, the social setting of sports can exclude as well as include. There is now evidence that boys’ and girls’ experiences of sports can be very different, and this can affect the contribution they can make to the self-esteem of players. Peer acceptance seems to be an important factor in determining the relationship between sport participation and self-esteem, and girls can be particularly sensitive to negative judgments. And studies have found that many ‘girly’ boys and girls benefit most from non-competitive physical activities.

So, a note of caution ought to be sounded in case sports are considered to be a cure. Much of the literature on the most positive psychological (心理的) outcomes associated with childhood and youth sports stress the absolute importance of positive experiences. It will surprise no one that bullying, excluding or abuse experiences will harm, rather than support the development of self-esteem, and well-being in general. Sadly, it will also not be a shock to learn that many children’s introductions to sports are far from improving the quality of life.

The great developmental psychologist Jean Piaget argued that the foundations of self-esteem were laid between the ages of about 6 and 11 years of age. Importantly, this is also the time when children are most likely to be introduced to sports. We should know the importance of positive early sporting experiences for the development of both self-esteem and on-going participation in sports and other physical activities. Teachers, coaches, and parents have a responsibility to ensure that these experiences ‘catch’ as many children as possible, and for this to happen they need to remember ‘the principles of child development’: Children are not mini-adults.

Problems arise when adults forget these principles, and kid themselves into thinking that they are coaching future Olympians or Super stars. Unluckily, evidence suggests that talented children are most likely to stand out when they are given time to develop, to play, and to remain children.

Children are not miniature adults, and their enjoyment of sports (and their self-esteem) can suffer when adults forget this!

1. Studies in Switzerland and Latino showed teenagers who often join in sports _____.

A．build self-esteem earlier

B．have more good experiences

C．are more sensitive to judgments

D．are healthier both physically and mentally

2. In general, the author’s attitude toward the influence of sports on teenagers is _____.

A．positive	B．critical
C．uncertain	D．tolerant

3. According to the author, when children take part in sports, they _____.

A．will be happier about their lives

B．are more likely to be attracted by competitive sports

C．should be treated by coaches and parents as super stars

D．will build self-esteem if given positive comment and support

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．Children Should Take Part in Sports

B．Sports Offer You a Better Teenage Life

C．Sports Experience and Building Self-Esteem

D．People Should Treat Teenagers Like Miniature Adults

2 . Worth the pain in the end

I used to hate running. It seemed too hard and pushing outside my comfort zone was not something I was raised to do.

In fact, I wouldn’t have become a _______ if it weren’t for my husband Charles. He had been a serious competitive runner for many years. After our marriage, he wouldn’t stop talking about how much he missed it.

“So start running again, why don’t you?” I was getting _______ of hearing about it.

So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to join him at the track (跑道). Just a few weeks later, Charles signed us both up for a five-kilometer race. I _______about doing it. It was too soon.

But on _______ day, there I was.

The gun went   _______.Thousands of runners pushed forward.

The first kilometer was _______.

“I don’t think I’m going to make it.” I was already breathing heavily and painfully aware of the group of runners   pounding past me.

“No, you’re doing _______”, said Charles. He was trying to encourage me, to get me focused on something other than my   _______.

“I can’t,” I said, barely audibly (听得见地).

He tried a different way to _______ me. “Just make it to that house and let’s see how you feel.”

After another minute I saw the three-kilometer   ________. All I could think of was that I was dying and that my husband was torturing (折磨) me.

Miserable doesn’t even begin to describe   ________ I felt. And there was so much pain.

“You’ll be fine. You’ve got less than a kilometer to go.”

I rounded a corner and saw both sides of the street thick with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on. I willed my legs to keep going.

Then I looked up and saw the clock. The seconds ticking away (一分一秒地过去) gave me an incentive (助力). I knew that if I finished this race, I would have achieved something. So, I straightened up, and kicked it.

I had my arms held higher when I passed ________the finish line. A volunteer put a   ________ around my neck.

“You did great! I’m so proud of you!” Charles was thrilled that I’d ________ it.

“That was AMAZING! I want to do another race. This running stuff is amazing!” I proudly hugged my medal as we started to walk to the post-race festivities.

My lungs and my comfort zone both ________.

1.

A．runner

B．traveler

C．racer

D．cheerleader

2.

A．afraid

B．tired

C．aware

D．confident

3.

A．thought

B．dreamed

C．hesitated

D．cared

4.

A．race

B．sport

C．show

D．task

5.

A．on

B．off

C．up

D．down

6.

A．long

B．short

C．easy

D．tough

7.

A．wrong

B．right

C．great

D．bad

8.

A．disability

B．dishonor

C．disgrace

D．discomfort

9.

A．advise

B．persuade

C．urge

D．force

10.

A．signal

B．symbol

C．point

D．mark

11.

A．how

B．what

C．when

D．why

12.

A．by

B．over

C．across

D．through

13.

A．ring

B．necklace

C．medal

D．scarf

14.

A．done

B．made

C．taken

D．caught

15.

A．developed

B．expanded

C．changed

D．progressed

3 . One major reason Americans don’t get enough exercise is that they feel they don’t have enough time. It can be difficult to squeeze in the 75 minutes of aerobic (有氧的) exercise per week that federal guidelines recommend.    1    .

In a new analysis of 14 studies, researchers tracked deaths among more than 232,000 people from the U.S., Denmark, the U.K. and China over at least five years, and compared the findings with people’s self-reports about how much they ran. People who said they ran any amount were less likely to die than those who didn’t run at all.    2     This was true even for those who didn’t log a great deal of time. The analysis divided people into groups, with 50 minutes or less per week representing the group that ran the least―but still ran. ‘‘Regardless of how much you run, you can expect such benefits,” says Zeljko Pedisic, one of the authors of the new analysis published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

The analysis is the latest to illustrate the benefits of running on the human body. It’s what we evolved (进化) to do.     3     But as leisure-time exercise, running keeps us healthy. “One of the best ways to avoid having to see a doctor,” Zeljko says, “is to stay physically active.”

    4     Running is good at guarding against cancer partly because it uses up blood sugar, starving the cancer cells that rely on it for fuel. And it protects you in other ways not necessarily measured in the latest research: by decreasing inflammation (炎症), for example, which is at the root of many diseases, and stimulating the production of a protein that improves brain health.

    5     Neither were how often people ran and the pace they kept. As long as you’re running, more isn’t always better, especially given that the risk of injury increases with repetition.

A．People may no longer hunt wild animals for their next meal.

B．The physical demands of running affect our body in a beneficial way.

C．Some people run to prevent disease, and others run because it makes them feel better.

D．Runners were 27% less likely to die for any reason, compared with nonrunners.

E．But researchers point out, to infer something like that, they need the whole population measured.

F．But new research suggests people may be able to get life-lengthening benefits by running for far less time.

G．The good news is that running more than 50 minutes per week wasn’t linked to additional protections against dying.

4 . 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 从书上看到了中国学生做 “课间操”的图片，向你询问有关情况。请你给他回复邮件，介绍相关信息，内容包括：
1） 课间操的基本情况(时间、次数…)；
2） 你们做课间操的感受。
注意：1. 词数不少于 50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：课间操 exercise between classes
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

5 . 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国笔友 Jim 对中国文化十分感兴趣，你在英文报纸 China Daily 上看到“中华文化表情包设计大赛 (The China Daily Emoji Design Contest of Chinese Cultural Symbols) ”征集来自世界各地参赛作品的活动，请给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加投稿，内容包括：
1.   介绍稿件要求；
2. 告知投稿时间和方式；
3.   询问对方意向。
注意: 1. 词数不少于 50；
2.   可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.   开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

6 . 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

This year, the World Cup has been played across different     1    (city), and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight. When the team struggled, Captain Zhu Ting was always there, doing whatever was needed     2    (carry) the team forward. That’s why she has become a national volleyball icon(偶像), just like “Iron Hammer” Lang. Never giving up, especially in a difficult situation, that’s     3     the spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball means.

7 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

In 2002, Yao Ming was selected the first overall in the NBA Draft(选秀). No athlete is     1     (responsible) than Yao for China’s rise to a global sports superpower. After Yao     2     (join) the Houston Rockets, the NBA became the first professional sports league from the US to visit China. Thanks to Yao’s impact, more professional     3    (team) have a presence in China today. Yao retired in 2011 following a career that included eight NBA All-Star selections. He's truly a superstar who belongs to the world.

8 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

As a computer    1    (engine), there’s always a new challenge just around the corner! It can be quite stressful at times, though, which in turn makes me feel anxious.     2    (help) deal with this, I go running as often as I possibly can.     3     I’m at the gym or on the road, my nervous energy pushes me through mile one. By mile two, the tension has moved from my mind to my legs. Over the past forty minutes, all my stress     4    (disappear) and I’m ready to face the next day at work!

9 . The 2016 Rio Olympic Games have come to an end. Without doubt, many Chinese sports fans sat in front of the TV and cheered our athletes on, hoping that they would get as many gold medals as possible.

But sometimes our desire for gold medals can result in the sadness of failure. When Liu Xiang, China’s track hero, pulled out of the Beijing Olympics due to injury, he greatly disappointed many Chinese sports fans.

But things are different now. In the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, we saw a healthier Chinese attitude towards the sports people, fully in line with the Olympic spirit.

China didn’t win any gold medals on the first day. But, instead of criticizing(批评) the athletes who failed to win, most of the fans were happy with their efforts. “Looking at the results in the right way when an athlete misses out on gold shows the maturity(成熟) of a person, and is also a challenge for a country to face up to in the process of development,” commented CRI.

Swimmer Fu Yuanhui won fans’ hearts, even if she only won the third place in the 100m backstroke final. Her fans on her Sina Weibo have increased 100,000 to over 6 million. Many sports fans appreciated her straightforward character and attitude towards competitions.

“The warm support from Internet users shows that public attitude towards competitive sports and the Olympics has gotten to a higher level”, said an article in the People’s Daily.

1. What can we know from Paragraph 2?

A．Gold medals can also cause sadness.

B．Liu Xiang always disappoints his fans.

C．Fans have high expectations of Liu Xiang.

D．Liu Xiang got injured before the Olympics.

2. What is people’s attitude now towards the athletes who failed?

A．Interested.	B．Understanding.
C．Angry.	D．Disappointed.

3. What makes people like Fu Yuanhui?

A．Her Sina Weibo.	B．Her kindness to the fans.
C．Her attitude to competitions.	D．Her winning a gold medal.

4. What does the author mainly want to tell us in this passage?

A．Winning gold medals is important.

B．Changing attitude to athletes is a must.

C．Results are not important in the competition.

D．Peoples’ attitude towards competitive sports is healthier.

10 . When Thomas Panek lost his eyesight more than 25 years ago, the anxious runner doubted he would ever pursue his lifelong passion again. “It was too scared to run,” he said.

Indeed, although Panek had been running since high school, the idea of running blind seemed altogether too difficult. But he did manage to keep his dream alive—with help from human guides who assisted him on each run.

Even so, he lost the real joy of the run—the thrill of independence that comes from completing a course on his own. “When you’re tied to another person, it’s no longer your own race.” the 48-year-old said. “The independence isn’t quite there.”

But Panek found a friend—indeed, man’s best friend—who would help him regain that sense of purpose. Not only did Panek rediscover his love for running, but, along the way, he founded Guiding Eyes for the Blind, an organization dedicated to providing service dogs for the visually damaged.

On March 16, Gus glided across the finish line with his human at the New York City Half Marathon. In that moment, they were both recorded into the history books. Panek, who finished the course in a little more than two hours and 20 minutes, became the first blind runner to complete the race led by dogs.

Panek pointed out that it wasn’t just Gus who provided the wind beneath his running shoes. In all, three guide dogs helped him see his way to the finish line. Siblings Westley and Waffle picked up the early parts of the course, each running between five and eight kilometers of the 21-kilometer race. Along the way, the whole team got plenty of support from event host New York Road Runners.

With retirement approaching, it would be the faithful yellow labrador’s last race. But for Panek, the road ahead remains long and bright—not only for him, but for anyone with a disability who still hopes to run down a dream.

1. What happened to Panek 25 years ago?

A．He gave up his dream.	B．He became blind.
C．He found running blind easy.	D．He won the first prize.

2. From the passage, we know that Gus _________.

A．is an instructor of Panek

B．is a good marathon competitor

C．is a dog for the visually damaged

D．is an organizer of the running event

3. Which of the following can best describe Panek?

A．Firm and positive.	B．Kind and confident.
C．Calm and faithful.	D．Honest and ambitious.

4. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A．Failure is the mother of success.

B．Where there is a will, there is a way.

C．All things are difficult before they are easy.

D．We can make a difference by helping others.