1 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.
But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.
“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.
1. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?| A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression. |
| B．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids. |
| C．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running. |
| D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood. |
| A．To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms. |
| B．To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high. |
| C．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high. |
| D．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released. |
| A．Effect. | B．Goal. | C．Opinion. | D．Question |
| A．They can help ease depression symptoms. |
| B．They are the best way to treat depression. |
| C．They only work for those with serious depression. |
| D．They can help people completely recover from depression. |
| A．To receive intensive training. |
| B．To achieve their dreams. |
| C．To get glory for their country. |
1. How often does Tim run now?
| A．About two days a week. | B．Every day. | C．About four days a week. |
| A．For about 3 years . | B．For at least 7 years. | C．For about 8 years. |
4 . For sports fans, there's nothing better than watching a live event on TV or at a sports venue（场地）. But there's nothing worse than that event being called off because of bad weather. Bad light, a waterlogged pitch （场地）or excessive heat can cause matches to be postponed. But according to the latest research, extreme weather might be disrupting （打乱） the sporting calendar more than ever in the future.
In one sport, golf, major tournaments like The Open, are already predicted to be victims of our changing climate. In the UK, an organization called The Climate Coalition says that golf courses such as St Andrews could be under water by the end of the century if sea levels rise even slightly. It told the BBC that its research predicts u cancelled football matches, flooded cricket grounds and golf courses crumbling into the sea.”
The threat to sporting fixtures （体育赛事）from climate change has been further highlighted in a new report, commissioned by the Rapid Transition Alliance. Writing about this for the BBC, Matt McGrath says that ”By 2050, it's estimated that almost one in four English football league grounds can expect flooding every year." This will mean fewer matches played, less opportunity to watch the beautiful game and reduced revenue （收入） from ticket sales.
Cricket also faces huge challenges globally as temperatures rise in places like India, Australia and the West Indies. The report says that stadiums in Adelaide and Perth will see a 60% 
increase in days with temperatures over 40°C over the next decade.
Of course, we know that the solution lies with reducing our carbon footprint. We could travel less to attend sports events, and reduce our waste when we do go. But this latest report finds that sports leaders are generally failing to address the issue seriously. However, because sport is universally popular and can be very influential, maybe it should be players, teams and their sponsors who promote a carbon-neutral message to help protect sporting venues - before it's ‘ game over’.
1. According to the passage, the following sports will be affected by extreme weather except| A．golf | B．table tennis | C．football | D．cricket |
| A．The number of people who are interested in football matches is expected to decrease. |
| B．The number of football players is expected to decrease. |
| C．The prices of football tickets are expected to go down. |
| D．Some football grounds are expected to be flooded. |
| A．Sports fans like watching a live event on TV better than at a sports venue. |
| B．Golf courses such as St Andrews could not be flooded if sea levels rise a little. |
| C．Cricket stadiums in Adelaide and Perth will get very hot over the next decade. |
| D．Sports leaders take the effects of climate change very seriously. |
| A．Sport and Sporting Venues. | B．Sport and Challenges. |
| C．Sport and Climate Change. | D．Sport and Revenue. |
5 . “Doing Zumba during the coronavirus pandemic（冠状病毒疫情期间）has made me feel so much better-and not just physically." says Mowry-Housley, 42, who is using Zumba to encourage everyone to make time for a mental and physical break.
Explaining that she has been dealing with a lot of stress and anxiety during the international disaster, the actress says that staying fit has improved her mental health. “When we all had to be quarantined（隔离）for so long. I really discovered the importance of exercising now that I had the time," she tells PEOPLE.
Mowry-Housley, who has two kids-daughter Ariah Talea, 5, and son Aden John Tanner,7-decided not to waste any of her new-found time. "I'm a huge believer in making lemonade out of lemons, so I wanted to use the time to its fullest," she says. "I discovered that when-I worked out and when I moved my body, I felt better about myself- not only physically but mentally."
Through Zumba,which Mowry-Housley says she's enjoyed for 10 years, the actress has managed to stay fit. She says Zumba has long been a favorite of hers because the dance program keeps her cheerful." The moment you hear the music, you can't help but to move your hips a bit. You feel relaxed and it gives you the energy that you need to have throughout the day." she says.
But Mowry-Housley knows that workouts are only one part of mental health, which is why she encourages people who are truly having problems to seek help not to be afraid to talk about their mental problems. “If you're really struggling, it's okay to talk about it." she says."You are not weak, you are actually strong."
1. What do you think Zumba is?| A．kind of food | B．A kind of exercise. | C．A kind of classes. | D．A kind of music. |
| A．Annoyed | B．Disappointed | C．Upset | D．Anxious |
| A．Lemons are good for our health |
| B．Lemonade tastes better than lemons |
| C．One should make full use of the situation around |
| D．One should use his energy fully. |
| A．They need to exercise more often. |
| B．They are supposed to keep their problems to themselves. |
| C．They ought to encourage themselves to face their problems |
| D．They should have a chat with others about their problems |
6 . I am a part of the Windward Robotics team known as the Omnicats, one of the many clubs offered at my school. My eight teammates and I started out by watching the robotics qualifiers and finals of Chinese teams. We used these robotics videos for inspiration and drew up mind maps of what our team wanted to do.
We meet everyday for two hours after school in order to build our robots. Typically, adults oversee what students are building, but my school lets teens take control. It leaves room for more errors, but we’re prouder of our final product.
Before our first real match, a practice one was offered at the actual site. My sub-team had been further along than other teams but quickly fell behind. When we arrived on that big day, I immediately felt my teammates’ tension. Our first match was in three minutes. All of us glanced around at each other since we were not prepared at all. Our robot was still sitting in a box. Two of our teammates rushed to take the robot for an official examination as the rest of us discussed our strategy.
Our team captain explained that we all should try driving the robot now, while it was early in the season. She gave me the remote. I had only driven for a limited amount of time in practice so I was extremely nervous. Our autonomous code began to run almost immediately after our short discussion. Despite all the drama, we ended up winning the match. Not too bad for the first match! I was so proud. I did not enjoy the pressure of driving but liked building the robot behind the scenes instead.
We have transferred to a different type of robotics at the end of the semester, which involves the whole team designing one giant robot with large tools. I am a part of the electrical team now, so I make sure the motherboard(母板) can supply the robot’s energy needs. We have all enjoyed the rest of the season and learned that robotics is never dull!
1. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Inspect | B．Revise | C．Overlook | D．request |
| A．Because it was really too difficult for them. |
| B．Because they didn’t prepare for it at all. |
| C．Because they didn’t know what the match would be like. |
| D．Because they didn’t make full preparations before the match. |
| A．It was tiring but exciting. | B．It was stressful but wonderful. |
| C．It was terrible but delightful. | D．It was boring but rewarding. |
| A．A Girl Who Loves Robots | B．My First Robotics Match |
| C．Teamwork for Robots | D．Robotics Is Never Dull |
7 . 15 years ago, when I was playing basketball in one of Australia’s premier basketball leagues, I remember a sports psychologist we had for the season. As young professional athletes with high egos (自我价值感), the team were not quite convinced the techniques of psychology would
We were trained in a visualization technique used before games. It involved moving ourselves into a meditative (冥想的) state and taking ourselves on a journey into the
What I learnt most from this technique was that winning games was important but how we
| A．improve | B．monitor | C．measure | D．maintain |
| A．compensate for | B．prepare for | C．tough out | D．show up |
| A．in addition | B．in other words | C．as a result | D．on the other hand |
| A．wild | B．home | C．history | D．future |
| A．finding | B．leaving | C．moving | D．missing |
| A．court | B．street | C．platform | D．stage |
| A．learning | B．winning | C．waiting | D．talking |
| A．subject | B．match | C．technique | D．team |
| A．questions | B．decisions | C．feelings | D．lessons |
| A．forget about | B．drive away | C．bring back | D．step into |
| A．cheerful | B．patient | C．eager | D．confident |
| A．aim | B．appear | C．continue | D．promise |
| A．unless | B．as | C．while | D．if |
| A．solution | B．goal | C．truth | D．background |
| A．shortcuts | B．tools | C．examples | D．downsides |
