| A．By trading physical items. | B．By exchanging artistic creativity. |
| C．By hosting art exhibitions. | D．By making artistic advertisements. |
| A．Painting and writing. | B．Graphic design and photography. |
| C．Music and album cover design. | D．Video editing and project management. |
| A．Members can benefit without efforts. |
| B．Members can make money by providing artistic services. |
| C．Members can get copyrights of other artistic offerings. |
| D．Members can have access to the creative exchange list. |
| A．Competitive individualism. | B．Artistic cooperation and inspiration. |
| C．Individual fame in the art field. | D．Material collaboration and exchange. |
2 . Club Activities in Japanese Schools
In the after-class activities of Japanese high schools, there are various clubs. Participation depends on students; however, most students choose a certain club.
A recent survey showed activity participation rate (比率). In junior high schools, participation rate was around 70% in sports clubs and around 20% in culture clubs. In senior high schools, participation rate in sports clubs dropped to about 50%, and in culture clubs, rose to around 25%. One reason is that there are more kinds of culture clubs in senior high schools than in junior high schools, so there is a wider range of choices.
The rate of junior high school students not choosing any club was less than 10%. However, that number more than doubled in senior high school. In recent years, the number of students not joining in any clubs is increasing. Stronger individualism, which causes unwillingness to participate in group activities, is one factor behind this change.
| A．Clubs are generally divided into two types — sports clubs and culture clubs. |
| B．Each sports club has a teacher, but the key is placed on student independence. |
| C．They are places where like-minded students can improve their creativity together. |
| D．Culture clubs in senior high schools tend to include traditional culture activities, such as tea ceremony. |
| E．It is also pointed out that culture clubs offer a more casual environment than sports clubs that require long and hard practice. |
| F．Actually, there are many advantages of participating in club activities in Japan. |
3 . Britain has a complete network of public libraries, administered by local library authorities: These libraries have a’ total collection of some 115 million books.
About one-third of the total population are members of public libraries. This leading and reference library service is, with some limitations, free.
Public libraries not only lend books, music scores, and records, but also provide libraries for children, patients in hospital and prisoners in jails, among others. They engage in many other kinds of activities as well, such as organizing play readings, lectures, films shows and musical circles. They also help to promote and develop adult education.
The greatest and most famous library in Britain is that of the British Museum (now part of the British Library created in 1973), which possesses over six million books. A copy of every book, magazines, newspaper, etc. , published in Great Britain must be sent to the British Museum. The Reading Room of the Museum is famous for the number of scholars and notables who have studied in it. The British Museum Library is not a lending library.
The second best-known library in Britain is the Boldeian Library at Oxford (over two million volumes). The National Library of Scotland (about two million volumes) and the National Library of Wales (more than one and a quarter million volumes) are also famous, and may claim a copy of every new work published in Britain. There is also a National Library for the Blind, with over three hundred thousand volumes in a specially embossed type.
1. The services public libraries offer are .| A．only lending books, music scores and records |
| B．organizing play reading, stage performances and film shows |
| C．providing libraries for some groups of people |
| D．helping to promote and develop school education |
| A．the number of famous readers |
| B．its long history |
| C．more than six million books |
| D．the rare books, magazines and newspapers |
| A．is the second best-known library | B．possesses over two million volumes |
| C．is not a lending library | D．possesses volumes in a special type |
| A．The British Museum | B．Public Libraries in Britain |
| C．The Kinds of Libraries | D．The Services of Libraries |
A New Way to Learn Languages
Nowadays, the Internet is changing the way people learn languages. There is still no way to avoid the hard work through vocabulary lists and grammar rules, but since the birth of the Internet, books, tapes and even CDs
Livemocha, a Seattle-based company, has created a website helping people learn more than 38 languages by exchanging messages over the Internet and then
The CEO of Livemocha says the website’s advantage is the context
Livemocha is now experimenting with many ways that resemble the games
There are more and more companies like Livemocha offering online language learning to students throughout the world.
5 . Happy Village Project
What is Happy Village?
Our company develops and focuses on the regional “Happy Village Project” strategy to focus on villages rather than individual farmers. The philosophy of the Happy Village Project is to “heal and develop” by organizing the farmers and training them on growing and harvesting techniques which increase raw-material quality and meet the requirements of consumers being conscious of healthy diet. Today, there are more than 3,000 registered farmers, cultivating more than 11,000 hectares of land in more than 150 villages in our Happy Village Project.
In the agricultural project, small farmers get the tools, training and support they need to grow some of the finest produce on earth. Our team of experts trains, guides and monitors the registered farmers, using the latest techniques to ensure the highest level of quality and consistency of our eco-friendly and safe products.
What do we do at Happy Villages?
Our company experts do researches to choose the right district by recording the details of the fields and products and train farmers who are willing to learn about organic farming.
We draw maps of the fields in order to designate the field and also to prevent possible crosscontamination (交叉污染) risks which may come from the neighbor fields. In order to make sure farmers are practicing the organic regulations, our experts frequently and randomly visit registered farmers to follow up, guide and inspect. Our agriculture team is also involved in using “Early Warning Systems” in the fields, in order to minimize the risk of potential problems as well as taking samples from leaves, soil and fruit, in order to monitor the field throughout the year.
We also help entire villages flourish through our commitment to social responsibility by means of performing necessary activities to improve the socio-economic structure of the villages, like the needs and requirements of the children at school, improvement in workers’ buildings, providing water tanks during water crisis in the regions, and etc.
From our Happy Villages directly to your table!
Our happy Village products are grown, harvested and sun-dried in the fertile mountains. With the best soil and growing conditions, these all natural products are sweet and flavorful, with no artificial additives. They are a great choice for snacking or adding to your favorite recipes.
1. In Happy Village Project, the experts are expected to______.| A．engage in researches conducted in the field |
| B．train the registered farmers into agriculturists |
| C．advise on cultivating and harvesting products |
| D．improve the workers’ buildings and water tanks |
| A．take examples from leaves and soil to oversee the field |
| B．assign all the registered farmers to learn about organic farming |
| C．help improve the socio-economic structure of the community |
| D．help farmers prevent possible risks by mapping out the field |
| A．Individual farmers. |
| B．Agricultural experts. |
| C．Ambitious policy-makers. |
| D．Health-conscious consumers. |
A division of Walmart Inc., Sam’s club is the membership warehouse club solution for everyday living. Sam’s Club serves millions of members at SamsClub.com and almost 600 locations across the U. S. and Puerto Rico. Sam’s Club also has locations in Brazil, China and Mexico.
| FOUNDER | Our founder Sam Walton was the most notable business leader of his time - but no matter how much success he achieved, he never forgot where it all started. Once a humble entrepreneur(创业者)with a successful five-and-time, Mr. Sam knew firsthand the challenges of running a small business. |
| EMPLOYEE | Sam’s club employs thousands of associates in the U. S. and Puerto Rico. Approximately 75 percent of club management was promoted from hourly positions. |
Sam’s Club is a membership warehouse club, a limited-item business model that offers our members quality products at an exceptional value unmatched | |
| BRAND | by traditional retail. Instead of stocking every item in every available brand, Sam’s Club merchants do their “homework” for our members, stocking the right products and purchasing them in large quantities, passing on the savings to our members. In addition to the leading national brands, Sam’s Club also carries Member’s Mark, an exclusive, premium-quality private brand. Member’s Mark products are exclusive designs that use top-of-the-line materials and the highest quality ingredients to make sure you get the best quality and value at members-only prices. |
| ENVIRONMENT | We reduce costs by maintaining a simple shopping environment, often displaying our merchandise on shipping deck so we can move new items in just as quickly as they move out. Besides, Many clubs include sustainable features such as day-lighting with skylights, night dimming, central energy management, water-conserving fixtures, natural concrete floors and recycling. |
| BENEFIT | Sam’s Club also provides a variety of member benefits such as free shipping on most items for our Plus Members along with Cash Rewards, early shopping, savings on medications as well as the benefits of our Club membership. Club members can take advantage of Sam’s Club Credit, Instant Savings, free health screenings, daily “Tastes & Tips” sampling demonstrations and members-only savings on fuel. |
| A．A member of the club. | B．A worker paid by the hour. |
| C．A small business entrepreneur. | D．An associate from Puerto Rico. |
| A．have all the available brands to choose from |
| B．have your homework done by Sam’s merchants |
| C．buy Member’s Mark products at members-only prices |
| D．enjoy free shipping for the goods you have purchased |
| A．find suitable employees for Sam’s club |
| B．attract investment from overseas companies |
| C．inform readers of the features of Sam’s club |
| D．persuade customers to be a member of Sam’s club |
Chairperson: Jane Simmons
Minutes Secretary: Liz Bateman
1 Welcome
Jane Simmons welcomed all colleagues to the meeting. She explained the aim of the Colleague Council—issues which are of concern to staff members can be raised and discussed by the group, and then addressed to Personnel Manager, Penny Kacelnik, in the second half of the meeting. Meetings will be held four times a year.
MATTERS ARISING FROM THE MINUTES
2 Lifting of International call barring
The council asked if it would be possible to have the phone system changed so that international calls can be made.
All phones in Sales & Marketing will be modified in November to allow for international calls. Anyone else who needs to call overseas should contact Asif Din in IT.
3 Recycling of paper
The council enquired if the correct route for raising recycling issues was through John Evans, Office Services Manager.
Penny agreed that this was the correct route. She also added that she would welcome everyone looking at the paper they use and cutting down if possible. Individuals are reminded that they can also make a difference by turning lights and monitors etc. off.
4 Healthy snack options in snack machines
The council requested that a healthy range of snacks be available from the snack machine.
Penny reminded everyone that the canteen offers healthy lunch-time options. She will discuss the contents of the machine with the leasers (租赁方) when the lease comes up for renewal next month. Feedback to be given at Jan meeting.
5 Removal of study grants
The council expressed regret that study grants for non-professional courses were no longer available. People should be encouraged to take language courses, for example, given our growing international market.
Penny explained that Management felt this money could be better used on paying for courses which would lead to professional qualifications, such as Accountancy, Credit Control. She also suggested that in-house language courses could be taught by members of staff.
Next Meeting: Will be January, precise date to be confirmed
Attendees: Louisa Barlow, Gary Brown, Natalie Cole, Orla Doyle, Tariq Ali, Penny Kacelnik (Personnel Officer)
1. The word “Minutes” is closest in meaning to “________”.
| A．unexpected emergencies |
| B．the duration of a meeting |
| C．written records of a meeting |
| D．suggestions from employees |
| A．Holding the Colleague Council Meeting four times a year. |
| B．Allowing the employees to make international calls. |
| C．Dealing with documents on the computer instead of on paper. |
| D．Asking the canteen to provide more healthy lunch options. |
| A．Shifting to a course leading to professional qualifications. |
| B．Applying to the Personnel Office for a special grant. |
| C．Turning to a colleague who speaks that language. |
| D．Referring to the growing international market. |
| A. spread B. formal C. chance D. found E. objective F. experience G. divisions H. economical I. respect J. replaced K. classroom |
The idea of the youth hostel(旅社)started with one man: Richard Schirrmann(1874—1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the
He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.
The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was
And then, in the year 1932, a(n)
The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get
Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class
9 . Diving with a Purpose
The water is cool against my skin, the silence absolute, and as I hover (盘旋) over the remains at the bottom of the sea, I feel peaceful, thankful, a sense of coming home.
Go underwater with me, and you’ll see about 30 other divers, paired in sets of two. They calmly float in place, despite strong currents off the coast of Key Largo, Florida, sketching images of coral-covered artifacts or taking measurements.
We are members of Diving With a Purpose, a group that trains divers to find and conserve (保存) historical and cultural artifacts buried deep in the waters.
However, the wrecks are hard to find. Ships from the past were primarily made of wood, and they have disintegrated over time and been absorbed by the sea. Searchers today use equipment such as side-scan sonars (声呐) to detect unnatural, manufactured materials in dark water.
The sandy ocean floor covers and reveals as it fancies. What may be seen today may not be seen tomorrow. A proper expedition with historians and archaeologists can take years. But it is important to take as long as is needed to look.
| A．Its goal is to help us find history and stories under the water. |
| B．We are helping document and mapping the remains of a shipwreck. |
| C．We love and volunteer to go underwater for the magic and cool feelings. |
| D．However, in some ways there is still so much we don’t know about DWP. |
| E．The information we gather from the depths tells a more inclusive history of us. |
| F．Unfortunately, the work can take place at sites home to marine life that shouldn’t be disturbed. |
