1 . Since wars begin in the minds of men and women, it is in the minds of men and women that the protection of peace must be built. UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It seeks to build peace through international co-work in education, sciences and culture.
As early as 1942, in wartime, the governments of the European countries, which were facing Nazi Germany and its partners, met in the United Kingdom for the Conference of Allied Ministers of Education (CAME). World War Ⅱ was far from over, yet those countries were looking for ways and means to rebuild their education systems once peace was restored. The project quickly gained support and soon reached a common agreement. New governments, including that of the United States, decided to join in. Upon the suggestion of CAME, a United Nations Meeting for the creation of an educational and cultural organization (ECO) was started in London from 1 to 16 November 1945. Hardly had the war ended when the meeting opened. It gathered together representatives of forty-four countries who decided to create an organization that would accept a sincere culture of peace. In their eyes, the new organization was to create the “agreement of mankind” and thereby prevent the possibility of another world war.
Political and economic agreements of governments are not enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the peoples. Peace must be founded upon communication and understanding.
Peace must be built upon the agreement of humanity. In this spirit, UNESCO develops educational tools to help people live as global citizens free of hate and impatience. UNESCO works to ensure that every child and every citizen can get quality education. By protecting cultural richness and the equality of all cultures, UNESCO strengthens the connections between nations. UNESCO develops scientific programs and measures as chances for development and improvement. UNESCO stands up for freedom of expression. As a workshop of ideas, UNESCO helps countries to take international rules and manages programs that encourage the free flow of ideas and the exchange of knowledge.
1. What is the main purpose of UNESCO?| A．To develop education. | B．To share the world’s culture. |
| C．To create a scientific environment. | D．To serve the building of a peaceful world. |
| A．In the fall of 1945. | B．Shortly after World War Ⅱ. |
| C．Long before the CAME suggestion. | D．After the second United Nations meeting. |
| A．thus | B．soon |
| C．safely | D．secretly |
| A．How UNESCO tries to achieve its spirit. |
| B．How global affairs can get well managed. |
| C．What role UNESCO plays in a workshop. |
| D．What international exchanges are made up of. |
2 . The Department for International Trade (DIT) is a UK Government department working with businesses based in the United Kingdom to ensure their success in international markets. Here are some events to be held by DIT.
International Business Festival — Future Transport
What could new technology in travel mean for business? Hear the latest from the Government’s centres for autonomous vehicles and listen to the successful cases. The event will also predict near-future developments in transport and make a surprisingly strong business argument for more traditional ways of getting from A to B.
LOCATION: National Exhibition Center, West Midlands B401NT, United Kingdom
PRICING: 80 pounds for a festival pass and 40 pounds for a day pass. FESTll provides a 20 percent discount until the end of April.
TEL: 0121-7804141
International E-Commerce Workshop
This workshop will enable you to develop your digital skills, raise your global brand presence, and allow you to test new markets with minimal investment. You will learn how to develop a strategy in online routes to market, identify multi-channel and B2B online opportunities.
LOCATION: East Midlands Business Ltd, Unit 5 Merus Court, United Kingdom
PRICING: Free
TEL: 0658-1714889
International Business Festival — Urbanisation (城市化) & Cities
Examine the considerable leadership and governance challenges that must be overcome if cities are to fulfil their potential as engines for growth. Find opportunities in a changing world and meet future partners, buyers, investors and develop relationships.
LOCATION: Exhibition Centre Liverpool, Kings Dock, L3 4BX, United Kingdom
PRICING: 105 pounds for a festival pass and 50 pounds for a day pass. FEST11 provides a 20 percent discount until the end of April.
TEL: 0289-6032899
Please call at 0789-1056888 if you are having any problems registering for the site.
1. Which number should you call if you have some questions about future transport event?| A．0658-1714889. | B．0789-1056888. |
| C．0121-7804141. | D．0289-6032899. |
| A．Exhibition Centre Liverpool. | B．East Midlands Business Ltd. |
| C．Kings Dock, L3 4BX. | D．West Midlands B401NT. |
| A．105 pounds. | B．21 pounds. | C．10 pounds. | D．40 pounds. |
3 . Splash (落水声)! Did you hear that? Can you guess what it is? Can you figure it out? If you guessed the ocean, then you’re correct! I believe that my organization, Reef Check, is the most worthy of receiving the Chocolate Heart money. Do you want to know why? Well, soon you’ll find out.
First of all, Reef Check needs the money to repair and clean coral reefs (珊瑚礁) which are home to millions of sea animals. Reef Check hopes to educate the public about the value of reef ecosystems (生态系统) and the danger that sea animals and plants are facing. Based in Los Angeles, Reef Check has volunteer teams in more than 90 countries, making community volunteers, businesses, universities, and other non-profit organizations work together. It works to create a worldwide network of volunteer teams trained in Reef Check’s scientific methods that survey coral and rocky reefs and report on reef health. Also, Reef Check takes action to protect remaining ancient reefs and repair reefs in danger worldwide.
For example, imagine you are a poor sea animal, whose home just got destroyed or wasn’t clean. What would you do? What could you do? Nothing much, really. But that’s exactly Reef Check’s job! To clean and protect these homes for many sea animals!
Furthermore, in 1997, Reef Check carried out the first-ever survey of coral reef health that provided scientific evidence that our coral reefs were in danger because of overfishing, illegal fishing, and pollution. The results surprised many biologists who had not realized the seriousness of human influence on reefs. In August 2002, Reef Check presented its report, The Global Coral Reef Crisis - Trends and Solutions, at the World Summit in South Africa. The report warned that there was no reef in the world that remained untouched by human influence, such as overfishing, pollution, and climate change.
In short, everyone should have a home including animals from the sea. So don’t leave them out! Be generous and give them a home!
1. What do we know about Reef Check?| A．It is a team of scientists. |
| B．It mainly studies sea animals. |
| C．It is a non-profit organization. |
| D．It is run by the US government. |
| A．To show the role of Reef Check. |
| B．To show the importance of reefs. |
| C．To show how poor sea animals are. |
| D．To show the seriousness of sea pollution. |
| A．Reefs would die out in the near future. |
| B．Humans and reefs depended on each other. |
| C．Overfishing influenced the oceans seriously. |
| D．Reefs were at risk because of human activities. |
| A．To describe what Reef Check is. |
| B．To introduce a dangerous but important job. |
| C．To explain why Reef Check needs support. |
| D．To educate the public to care for the environment. |
4 . In 1848 gold was found in California. Thousands of people rushed there to get some. Many people liked living there. But there wasn’t a whole lot between California (CA) and Missouri (MO), where the nearest trains ran. The train line to California wasn’t finished until 1869.
In I860 and 1861, the Pony Express was the fastest way to get news to and from the West. The trail that they rode was around 2000 miles long. It took most people weeks or months to ride that far. The Pony Express could make the trip in just ten days. Those speeds were unheard of at the time. So how did they do it? Well, they had a good system.
The Pony Express had 184 stations along the trail. The stations were around ten miles apart. This is about how far a horse could run at a gallop (疾驰) before tiring. The rider would switch to a new horse at each station. He would only take his mail pouch (邮袋) with him. Every 75-100 miles, the rider would get to a home station. At each home station, riders would rest. The mail never stopped moving, even while the horses and riders rested.
It was tough to ride for the Pony Express. Each rider had to weigh less than 125 pounds. Speed was the key. Most of the riders were teenage boys. They rode at a fast pace for up to 100 miles a day. If there were an emergency, one might have to ride 200 miles in a day.
The Pony Express filled an important role for a time, but it did not last. The Civil War started in April of 1861. On October 24th, 1861, the first telegraph line to California was finished. This linked them to the rest of the country. People could send messages in an instant. Two days later the Pony Express closed.
1. Which happened first?| A．The Pony Express was started. | B．The American Civil War broke out. |
| C．The train line to California was finished. | D．Settlers rushed to California to find gold. |
| A．About 24 hours. | B．About ten days. |
| C．About twenty days. | D．About one month. |
| A．Give his mail to a new rider. | B．Rest a while and go on riding. |
| C．Collect new mail for customers. | D．Feed the horse and check the mail. |
| A．To prove communication industry develops rapidly. |
| B．To explain why horses were used to deliver mail. |
| C．To describe the I860 - 1861E Fastest Mail Service. |
| D．To tell the brave stories of the Pony Express. |
