1 . Careers in zoology are extremely varied and unique, and can provide incredible learning and work opportunities for anyone devoted to animal studies and welfare. Zoology, or the study of animals, is a wide field with many specialties, including research, conservation, veterinary (兽医的) medicine, and the care of animals. For people with a love of animals and some training, dreams of careers in zoology may come true.

Some careers in zoology focus on research and scientific studies. These careers may allow those with a good theoretical science background to develop and run studies that improve human understanding of the animal world. Research in zoology can help create safer and more effective products for animals or can teach humans more about animal behavior in order to aid in conservation, breeding programs, and habitat preservation.

Careers in zoology that focus on conservation attach great importance to the continued survival and increased protection of animal species. Conservationists may work with political groups or governments to help make laws to protect and preserve animals, or may work in the field gathering information on potential threats to the health of global ecosystems. Some conservationists work in educational fields, trying to improve human efforts to save animals from extinction.

Animals are subject to illness and injury, and some careers in zoology help to create a safe, stable animal population. Veterinary medicine is an important specialty field, and may take several years of intensive training to qualify as a certified veterinarian. While many veterinarians focus on the small-animal practice of domestic pets, vets in rural areas often work with large farm animals and more adventurous veterinarians may work with exotic species in zoos and wildlife preserves.

Humans love to observe animals, and modern-day zoos and wildlife preserves help meet that interest while providing facilities to assist with conservation programs. Zoology careers in zoos can range from overseeing breeding programs, to creating the proper diet for a deer, to cleaning the tiger’s cage. Many volunteer and entry-level jobs are available for people that love animals.

Which of the following shows the structure of the whole passage?
(P1=paragraph 1; P2= paragraph 2; P3= paragraph 3; P4= paragraph 1; P5= paragraph 5)

A．	B．
C．	D．

2 . Most parents can remember the artful mix of excitement and anxiety accompanying the choice of their baby’s name—it will follow the child his or her entire life. But the effect could be even more significant. In research recently published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, our research team shows that the stereotype (模式思维) that a given society has of a first name can influence the way people look.

In eight studies, we found that participants shown ID-style photos of people they’d never met were able to recognize the first name of the described person well above the chance level. In other words, there is something about an Emily that…just looks like an Emily.

If an Emily really does look like an Emily, even a computer should be able to guess her true name. The computer was even able to produce a “heat map” for each name, a face with the features that “betray” a person carrying that name shown in red or orange colors. How should we understand this effect? Until now, social psychologists knew that our facial appearance influences the extent to which others perceive us as attractive, intelligent, trustworthy or warm. These studies show that others’ perceptions of our first name are reflected in our faces.

Interestingly, the face -name effect occurs even if we can only see the hair of a person. Our hair is possibly the part of our face that we control with the most ease. The fact that this alone can produce the face name effect further illustrates the suspected self-fulfilling mechanism behind it.

Together, the eight studies suggest that we wear our social belonging on our face, and that we actively shape our features to be recognized by our reference group. Choosing baby names remains exciting. Whatever the first name you give to your child, he or she will end up wearing it.

Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?
P=Paragraph

A．	B．
C．	D．

5 . While we know that language first appeared among Homo sapiens (智人) somewhere thousands of years ago, the secret to how language evolved is still unknown, and mainstream theories fall into two distinctly different camps.

One widely held theory is that language came about as an evolutionary adaptation. That was where the idea of natural selection came into play, which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment, like the turtle (海龟) and its shell. On one hand, humans needed to communicate with each other in order to hunt，farm and defend themselves successfully from the surrounding severe environment. Being able to communicate by using language gave the human species a distinct survival advantage. On the other hand, language was needed for social interaction, according to those who subscribed to the adaptation theory.

In their paper “Natural Language and Natural Selection,” researchers Steven Pinker and Paul Bloom theorized that a series of calls or gestures evolved over time into combinations,   giving us complex communication, or language. As things became more complicated around them，humans needed a more complex system to convey information to one another. Early man saw a group of deer he wanted to hunt. He made a sound to his hunting partner that means “deer are nearby.” One day,a storm came in and the hunter noticed that thunder scared the deer away. As a result, the hunter went hungry until the storm passed. Over time, the same hunter also learned to recognize the warning signs for bad weather-dark skies and increased wind. Early man realized that when the sky darkened and the wind picked up, he needed to tell his hunting partner to speed up the pursuit of the deer. Therefore, he came up with a series of sounds that refer to both the deer and the bad weather. That series of sounds was the beginning of an evolutionary adaptation that eventually became language.

As humans learned more about how to best survive, they developed a need to convey these survival methods to their population. To be brief, that's the adaptation theory.

1. What is the text mainly about?

A．The evolution of language.

B．The paper on natural selection.

C．The differences between theories.

D．The introduction to human reproduction.

2. Why are the turtle and its shell mentioned in paragraph 2?

A．To show the mystery of nature.

B．To support the evolutionary adaptation.

C．To stress the advantage of the turtle's shell.

D．To encourage people to study natural selection.

3. How does the author explain the adaptation theory in paragraph 3?

A．By comparing.	B．By listing data.
C．By carrying out a survey.	D．By giving an example.

4. What will the author most probably tell us next?

A．The exact place where humans came from.

B．The other theory of how language evolved.

C．The reasons why animals cannot form language.

D．The methods of humans' shaping non- verbal thinking.

6 . The new Blackfriars train station in London is a great building, giving passengers wonderful views of the city. However, they will hardly see most of London's best-known landmarks, for today they are lost in a jungle of skyscrapers, as if London were competing with Dubai (迪拜).

The new look is dull. The problem isn't modern architecture itself. When the modern combines the old, it can enhance a city. But when it has no connection to the features that have given the city its personality for hundreds of years, it overshadows that city's character.

Unattractive architectural style is one thing; unsuitable location is another. The City, London's traditional financial district, was an area of strong low-rise buildings that included old houses and pubs such as the George and Vulture, which counted Charles Dickens among its frequent customers. The glass large buildings are quickly destroying the City's character. Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas says the architectural style of cities is converging (趋同).

London is not alone. Paris is getting into the skyscraper game, as are other European capitals. Government officials view very tall buildings as global status symbols. Celebrity architects are in high demand and pump out designs apparently aimed more at attracting attention than enhancing a city's traditional view. Some of their creations are imaginative, stylish and practical; some are not, or are fine creations put at the wrong address.

The process of turning big cities into clones of Atlanta or Hong Kong can create more than strange cityscapes. They create long-term problems as well One is environmental. Skyscrapers require huge amounts of energy all year round for heating and air conditioning. Many old buildings in Europe simply rely on thick walls to ward off the heat in the summer and keep the heat in the winter.

Another big problem with modern high-rises is that they are single-purpose structures. Bank towers with huge open trading floors wired to the fastest communications networks cannot be easily remade into housing, factories or shops. For the most part, they will have to be torn down when they have outlived their usefulness. In Europe, strong old buildings keep getting reinvented, century after century. An 18th-century church can be changed into a hospital.

All in all, the main shortcoming of the skyscraper craze is the loss of urban identity. Millions of tourists go to Rome, Florence, Paris, because, for the most part, they have not been "liberated" yet by towers. If these cities look like Dubai, who will want to go there? Not me.

1. The writer thinks that __________.

A．the new Blackfriars station damages the image of London

B．skyscrapers make it easy to see London's landmarks

C．too many high buildings damage a city’s identity

D．historical houses and pubs are well preserved

2. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.

A．it's a trend to build skyscrapers worldwide

B．tall buildings are designed to be eco-friendly

C．European capitals stick to their old city styles

D．citizens view high-rises as global status symbols

3. What is the best title for the passage?

A．When Skyscrapers Can Save the City

B．How Cities Can Build a Cultural Identity

C．Why Skyscrapers Are Killing Great Cities

D．What Landmarks Are and Why They Are Important

4. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

A．

B．

C．

D．

7 . Many people think that communication is the source of most of their work-related conflicts but they'd be wrong. In a work context, more conflicts come from structural relationships and personal differences than communication itself.

Organizations create job descriptions, specialized work groups, and authority relationships, all with the intent to improve coordination (协调). But in doing so, they separate people and create the potential for conflicts. For instance, departments within organizations have diverse goals. Purchasing is concerned with the timely acquisition of materials and supplies at low prices; quality control's attention is focused on improving quality and ensuring that the organization's products meet standard…When groups within an organization seek diverse ends, there is increased potential for conflicts.

Have you ever met people to whom you took an immediate disliking? Most of the opinions they expressed, you disagreed with. Even insignificant characteristics-the way they cocked their head when they talked or smirked when they smiled-annoyed you. We've all met people like that, and many of us have to work with people like this.

Today's organizations are increasingly diverse in terms of age, gender and race. So, not surprisingly, employees differ on the importance they place on general values such as responsibility, equality and ambition. They also differ on job-related values such as the importance of family over work or freedom against authority. These differences often surface in work-related interactions and create significant interpersonal conflicts.

The above doesn't mean that communication can't be a source of conflicts. It can. Differing word connotations, insufficient exchange of information, poor listening skills, and the like, create conflicts. But the belief that “we can deal with our differences if we just communicate more” is not necessarily true. The evidence actually shows that the potential for conflicts increases when there is too much communication as well as when there's too little.

So when you're trying to manage conflicts, take a thoughtful look at their source. It's more likely that the conflict is coming from work-related requirements, personality differences, or dissimilar values, it is from poor communication. And that might influence the actions you take to resolve the conflict.

1. From Para.2, we know that in an organization, __________.

A．job descriptions can effectively improve cooperation

B．different goals of branches may cause disagreements

C．division of labor usually results inharmonious relationship

D．the setting of different departments is to encourage competition

2. The author holds that __________.

A．fewer conflicts will appear if we communicate more

B．most people share similar values in the same organization

C．communication is just one of the reasons for most conflicts

D．we'd better calm down before taking action when in conflict

3. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

A．	B．
C．	D．

8 . Technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, GIS and Mapping, Location Technology and autonomous machines are playing a growing role in responding to COVID-19 pandemic.

An important policy for authorities across the globe right now is to prevent the spread of the virus. To ensure it, they are taking unprecedented （空前的） measures to reduce people-to-people contact. Most countries took measures like the closure of non-essential public places, ban of mass gatherings and ensuring a social distancing to limit physical contact.

However, in some areas where individuals are not obeying the restrictions knowingly or unknowingly, or do not know what the latest restrictions are, law enforcing authorities are using drones （无人机） to monitor people' s movement and break up social gatherings that could cause a risk to society. The introduction of drones at this time of crisis is reducing the risk of getting infected to police officials and other staff since it enables them to monitor a vast range of area without physical engagement.

In addition to street monitoring, authorities are also using drones to broadcast messages and information about lockdown measures, especially in rural area that lacks open communication channels for health information. Drones equipped with loudspeakers are used to make public announcements to keep people indoors, take necessary preventive measures, make social-distancing and wear a mask if stepping outside from home.

A Global Times video on Twitter shows a drone flying over a village in Inner Mongolia, warning an old lady with audio in Chinese, “Yes, Grandmother, it’s the drone who is talking to you. You should not go out without wearing a mask. You’d better go home and don' t forget to wash your hands.”

However, the use of drones raises a debate about privacy and individual rights on mainstream media as well as social media platforms.

1. What role do drones play in responding to COVID-19 pandemic?

A．Helping us know how COVID-19 spreads.

B．Preventing the spread of the virus.

C．Monitoring medical staff and collecting infected cases.

D．Monitoring social activities and broadcasting lockdown measures.

2. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

A．Individuals are breaking the restrictions deliberately.

B．Authorities don't know what the latest restrictions are.

C．All people' s social gatherings could threaten society.

D．Police officials and other staff are at less risk with drones.

3. Why is a Global Times video on Twitter mentioned in the text?

A．To show drones work well without physical engagement.

B．To show drones have positive effects but sometimes scary.

C．To show people in rural area are curious about drones.

D．To show people in rural area are resistant to drones.

4. What might be discussed in the following paragraph?

A．The great demand for drones.

B．Different comments on the use of drones.

C．How to update drones.

D．How to protect people' s privacy and individual rights.

9 . Your guardian angel might have four legs and a rocking tail.

A new study from two researchers at Arizona State University found, like the hero dogs of film and TV, your real-life one likely wants to rescue you when you’re in trouble, reports AFP.

“It’s a popular legend,” explained researcher Joshua van Bourg. “Simply observing dogs rescuing someone doesn’t tell you much. The difficult challenge is figuring out why they do it.”

To test if and why dogs want to save their humans, Joshua van Bourg and his co-researcher, Clive Wynne, took 60 dogs and their owners and set up artificial rescue scene. For the study, the owner was put in a large box that had a lightweight door that the owner’s dog could move to one side to “save” them. Once in the box, the human would pretend to be in trouble, calling out for help without using their dog’s name. The second part of the test involved researchers placing dog food in a box and watching to see how many of the same 60 dogs moved to open the box to get the reward.

Looking at the two tests, the researchers found that about one-third of the dogs successfully rescued their owners and that around the same number also opened the box with the food. The study suggests that these responses could signal that dogs find rescuing their loved ones to be a rewarding task, much like nosing out and finding food. According to Joshua van Bourg, a dog’s natural heroism becomes even more impressive when you take “a closer look” at the study’s results.

“The key here is that without controlling for each dog’s understanding of how to open the box, the percentage of dogs who rescued their owners is much more lower than the percentage of dogs who wanted to rescue their owners,” Joshua van Bourg said.

“The fact that two-thirds of the dogs didn’t even open the box for food is a pretty strong indication that rescuing requires more than just motivation, there’s something else involved, and that’s the ability,” he added.

1. What do the researchers focus on in the study?

A．The number of dogs smelling dog food.

B．The way of dogs opening the light door.

C．The reason for dogs rescuing their owners.

D．The willingness of dogs to enter the rescue scene.

2. What did the researchers find from their study?

A．Most dogs were brave enough to rescue humans.

B．Owners were saved with their dogs’ name called.

C．Dogs consider rescuing owners as a rewarding task.

D．Forty dogs helped humans and opened the boxes for food.

3. What is Joshua’s attitude towards the phenomenon of dogs’ rescuing their owners?

A．Doubtful.	B．Objective.
C．Approving.	D．Ambiguous.

4. What will the text probably continue to tell?

A．Teaching dogs how to rescue humans.

B．Reminding people of being kind to dogs.

C．Advocating people to raise more dogs as pets.

D．Testing dogs what to do while rescuing owners.

10 . We all know a picky eater (挑食者) or two, or maybe you're the picky eater, avoiding food adventures at all costs, because you're convinced you'll hate whatever new and bad-looking food is put on your plate. But why is it that some people are picky eaters while others are willing to try pretty much anything that can be eaten?

There's no single explanation for the picky eating habit. Picky eaters are typically unwilling to try new foods, which can be the result of your DNA and the way you are treated and educated when you are young. Marcia Pelchat, Ph.D., a researcher at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia who specializes in food preferences in humans, tells China Daily, “A group in Finland looked at what we call food neophobia, which literally means 'fear of the new', and they found that there is some genetic basis for this.”

“Also, if you have parents who don't really like to try anything new, you will also be exposed to fewer new foods,” Pelchat says. The opposite is also true: Those who try new foods and have positive experiences are then more likely to try unfamiliar foods in the future.

People who are less adventurous may be more hesitant to try new foods. Trying anything new, food included, requires you to step outside of your comfort zone. If you're not very adventurous, you may have a tough time with this. People who seek new adventures or thrills might be more likely to experiment with food. “There is a thrill-seeking personality trait,” Pelchat says. “It's been shown, especially with spicy food, that there is some connection between trying new foods and thrill seeking,” she explains.

Most adult picky eaters start as child picky eaters. “It's normal for children to go through a picky stage when they're toddlers, maybe two or three years old, and that makes sense evolutionarily,” Pelchat says. But as we get older, if we continue to avoid new foods, pickiness can persist.

1. What do we know about people with food neophobia?

A．They eat only a few kinds of food.

B．They avoid new or unfamiliar foods.

C．They are addicted to some kind of food.

D．They have preference for vegetable food.

2. What does Pelchat mainly tell us in Paragraph 3?

A．Food neophobia can be influenced by surroundings.

B．Those who try new foods have a positive life attitude.

C．Parents should set a good example for their children.

D．Food neophobia is linked to poorer dietary quality.

3. What would be a picky eater like?

A．Less optimistic.	B．Less creative.
C．Less independent.	D．Less adventurous.

4. Which of the following shows the best structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph)

A．	B．
C．	D．