1 . More than half of UK parents believe sunglasses should become an official part of school uniform, a study has found.
A study of 1,000 parents with children aged 4-12 found 72 percent worried about protecting their child’s eyes from the sun; however, only three in 10 sent their child to school with sunglasses every time it was sunny, with one-quarter even saying their child was forbidden by their school from wearing sunglasses on school grounds.
A spokesperson for Monkey Monkey Sunglasses, which commissioned(正式委托) the study, said: “Parents are consistently telling us that their children are more likely to wear sunglasses on holiday or during leisure activities than at school. We just want parents to know that the midday and afternoon sun can be equally strong on the school playground, on the school sports field, or on the walk home from school, as it is on the beach. Wearing hats and staying in the shade during these times help reduce UV exposure but are not a surrogate for wearing sunglasses with full UVA and UVB protection, because UV rays reflect through cloud cover and reflect off a variety or surfaces.
Researchers also found only 16 percent of those surveyed said their children always worn sunglasses on a sunny day and one in four said their child did not currently own a pair of sunglasses.
Parents of children who rarely or never wear sunglasses said their kids found them uncomfortable to wear and avoid them if they can. However, 57 percent who have bought their children sunglasses checked the glasses for their UV protection rating before making the purchase.
When asked about their knowledge about surrounding surfaces which reflect and increase UV radiation, 61 percent of parents who took part in the study correctly said that snow reflected UV rays. One in four said concrete(混凝土) surfaces and 56 percent pointed to water as a key reflector of UV rays.
Monkey Monkey’s spokesperson added: “It is said that up to 80 percent of a person’s lifetime exposure to UV is received before the age of 18, when children’s eyes are also not yet fully developed. So we can see what we should do.”
1. What is the finding of the study?| A．Most British schools required students to wear sunglasses. |
| B．Nearly half of British schools forbade students to wear sunglasses. |
| C．Most British parents didn’t help protect their child’s eyes from the sun at school. |
| D．British parents lacked the awareness of protecting their children’s eyes. |
| A．Replacement. |
| B．Requirement. |
| C．Guarantee. |
| D．Solution. |
| A．Few of them bought sunglasses for their children. |
| B．Some of them had a certain understanding of UV rays. |
| C．Most of them didn’t know about UV radiation. |
| D．Some of them thought wearing sunglasses was uncomfortable. |
| A．children should not be exposed to too much sunshine |
| B．children had better not play on the school playground in the afternoon |
| C．it is unnecessary for children to wear sunglasses when taking part in activities |
| D．it is important to protect kids’ eyes from sun exposure at an early age |
2 . Many parents worry that showing negative emotions in front of their children will cause them to suffer. For example, children may end up thinking it's their fault or simply "catch" the emotion. Indeed, this worry has a sound basis — the phenomenon of “emotional contagion"（情绪感染）is real, and one recent study found that parents can transfer their fear of going to the dentist, for example, to their children.
On the other hand, there is the natural idea that we should “be real" with our children, and that they will benefit from watching a parent who struggles and eventually deals with their negative emotions like any other human being.
There are three concepts to consider when it comes to emotional display in front of children: suppression （压抑），"uncontained" expression, and talking about emotions. Suppression of emotion is when you hide the outward signs of an emotion. Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well — the act of suppressing your emotion actually increases your blood pressure. Observers can pick up on your distress despite your efforts to hide it, making them feel stressed. The recent research has also found that when parents feel negative emotions and keep them from their children, they experience lower relationship quality and decreased responsiveness to their child's needs.
On the other hand, “uncontained" expression of anger and sadness by the parent is also not salutary for the child. Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .
So, what is the middle ground? That would be talking about emotion taking ownership of them and showing your child that you are trying to deal with them. Classic research found that six-year-old kids had better emotional understanding and perspective-taking skills if their mothers had talked to them about their emotions at the age of three. In fact, the more the mothers had talked, the better the outcome would be.
So next time you feel sad, angry or frustrated and your child is watching you expressing emotion, do explain what's going on in terms they can understand.
1. The author uses the example of going to the dentist mainly to _______.| A．explain parents' common fear |
| B．introduce the topic of negative emotions |
| C．show children may catch parents' emotions |
| D．present the consequences of transferring negative emotions |
| A．she will not make her kids feel stressed |
| B．she can hide her emotions from her kids |
| C．she will often shout at her kids for no reasons |
| D．she can't respond effectively to her kids' needs |
| A．Enough. | B．Beneficial. |
| C．Necessary. | D．Reliable. |
| A．To encourage parents to "be real" with our children. |
| B．To call on parents to develop a positive attitude to life. |
| C．To inform parents of the consequences of negative emotions. |
| D．To recommend parents to talk about negative emotions with children. |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
3 . A first-year undergraduate student in Chengdu, recently complained online that her mother refused to raise her monthly allowance to 4,500 yuan ( $ 633) even when she said her current allowance 2, 000 yuan was not enough to cover her expenses, sparking a debate on how much money a college student needs per month. One expert shares his views on the issue with China Daily: Students should pursue education, not comfort.
Even for a college student studying in a first-tier city in China, 2,000 yuan is enough to cover all his or her monthly expenses. In fact, for a college student in Chengdu a monthly allowance of 2,000 yuan is more than enough. According to a survey conducted by a bookkeeping platform, the average monthly expense for an undergraduate in cities other than Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou was less than 2,000 yuan in 2019； for Chengdu, it was 1,900 yuan.
Claiming that she can hardly afford new clothing and cosmetics with her 2,000 yuan monthly allowance, the undergraduate student in Chengdu criticized her mother for refusing to raise her pocket money. Her "meager" allowance, she said, prevented her from buying branded goods that her hostel-mates enjoyed.
By the time a person enters a college, she or he should have developed a healthy consumption habit. And a youth should adjust her or his consumption according to her or his family income. On a deeper level, the money they spend in college should depend on how much they value their parents' hard work. Besides, some college students could take UP part-time jobs to meet their monetary needs if they feel their parents don't or can't send them enough money. In this way they can also learn to meet the requirements of life in the future and develop healthy consumption habits. More importantly, they should always bear in mind that education is their top priority in college
1. What's the expert's attitude to the issue about the undergraduate student?| A．He was critical. |
| B．He was neutral. |
| C．He was supportive. |
| D．He was unconcerned. |
| A．more than 2,000 | B．633 dollars |
| C．less than 2,000 yuan | D．1,900 yuan |
| A．Empty. | B．Pitiful. |
| C．Mean. | D．Fruitful. |
| A．College students should keep their expenses in line with their family conditions. |
| B．College students consumption level is determined by their parents. |
| C．College students should take up a part-time job to cover their expenses . |
| D．College students should deal with their living expenses problems reasonably. |
4 . The Giraffe Center in Nairobi is one of the oldest giraffe conservation organizations in the world. When it was founded in 1979, there were only 150 Rothschild's giraffes left in Kenya.
Stanley Kosgey, in charge of conservation education at the center, says the tallest animals in the world have never really gotten the same attention from conservationists and governments that other African mammals have. In some ways, he thinks, it's because they're hard to miss. In Kenya, it's not rare to see half a dozen of them as you drive past some fields on the highway. It can take you several safaris （旅行队）before you catch sight of a lion.
“Giraffes are in what I would call a silent extinction," Kosgey says.
In a lot of ways, he says, a perfect storm has fallen on the species. Climate change means longer droughts and new diseases; civil unrest means giraffes become easy food; and as African countries grow, humans have encroached （入侵）on wildlife areas and the removal of trees becomes a huge problem. Giraffes are huge creatures, and they require a lot of space and plants.
Kosgey says the good news is that the world has begun to pay attention. In Kenya, which has some of the best conservation policies on the continent, there is a plan underway to treat giraffes in the same way that lions, rhinos and elephants are treated. That's to put in place detailed action plans and programs to make sure those animals thrive. The first step for giraffes is to get a deeper understanding of their population by conducting a survey.
Kosgey says their conservation effort alone has saved the Rothschild's giraffe. There are now about 650 of them in Kenya. Worldwide, there are 1,671 Rothschild's, about 26 percent more than there were in the 1960s, according to the IUCN （International Union for Conservation of Nature）.
“They are tall, graceful animals and they should be heard/5 Kosgey says.
1. What can we learn about the giraffes from the first two paragraphs?| A．They run the fastest in the world. |
| B．They are in danger of extinction. |
| C．They are harder to see than lions in Kenya. |
| D．They draw conservationists' more attention. |
| A．It is hard for them to survive. | B．A terrible storm attacks them. |
| C．They live where humans live. | D．Removing trees leaves them space. |
| A．become healthy | B．hang out |
| C．move away | D．grow strong |
| A．Protecting the Earth. | B．Living with Animals. |
| C．Saving the Giraffes. | D．Loving Peaceful Nature. |
5 . “Nomophobia”, NO Mobile Phone phobia(恐惧) is a 21st-century term for the fear of not being able to use your smartphone. Smartphone addiction is on the rise, surveys show, and a new study released adds to a growing body of evidence that smartphone addiction is harming our minds literally.
Smartphone addiction affects many people from all across the globe. Over 1.8 billion people own smartphones and the average owners check their screens 150 times a day. Considering those numbers, it shouldn’t come as a surprise when 44% of people (compared with 20% in 2011) admit feeling anxious when they can’t have access to their phones.
Researchers from Harvard University used brain imaging to study the brains of 19 teenage boys who were diagnosed with smartphone addiction. Compared with 19 teenagers who were not addicted, the brains of the addicted boys had significantly higher levels of GABA, which decelerates neurons (神经元)， than levels of glutamate-glutamine, which energizes brain signals. That results in poorer attention and control, which you don’t want to have, because you want to stay focused. So that means you are easier to get distracted.
“Addicted teenagers in the study also had significantly higher scores in anxiety, depression and levels of impulsiveness (冲动) ,” said Dr. Leslie Perlow, who led the study.
If you seem to have the symptoms of smart device addiction, experts have some suggestions in addition to mindfulness training. First, turn off your phone at certain times of the day, such as in meetings, when having dinner, playing with your kids, and of course, driving. Remove social media apps, like Facebook and Twitter from your phone, and only check-in from your laptop. Try to stop yourself to 15-minute intervals at set times of the day when it won’t affect work or family life. Don’t bring your cellphone and its harmful blue light to bed, and use an old-fashioned alarm to wake you. And last, try to replace your smart device time with healthier activities such as meditating or actually interacting with real people.
1. What is the conclusion of the research?| A．Smartphone addiction leads to distraction. |
| B．Smartphone addiction easily causes anger. |
| C．Smartphone addiction is harmful to the mind. |
| D．Smartphone addiction brings about anxiety and depression. |
| A．In Paragraph 2. | B．In Paragraph 3. |
| C．In Paragraph 4. | D．In Paragraph 5. |
| A．Speeds up. | B．Slows down. |
| C．Adds to. | D．Cuts down. |
| A．To use an old-fashion cellphone. | B．To participate in more social activities. |
| C．To stop fifteen-minute intervals. | D．To turn off the blue light on bed. |
The Stolen Bacillus
(1) “This again,” said the Bacteriologist (病毒学家), slipping a glass slide under the microscope, “is the celebrated Bacillus of cholera (霍乱) -the cholera germ.”
(2) The pale-faced man peered down the microscope. He was evidently not accustomed to that kind of thing. “I see very little.” he said.
(3) “Touch this screw,” said the Bacteriologist, “perhaps the microscope is out of focus.”
(4) “Ah! now I see.” said the visitor “Not so very much to see after all. Little streaks and shreds of pink. And yet those little particles might multiply and devastate a city! Wonderful!”
(5) He released the glass slip and held it towards the window. “Scarcely visible,” he said. Staring at the preparation, he hesitated, “Are these-alive?”
(6) “Those have been stained and killed.” said the Bacteriologist. “I wish, for my own part, we could kill and stain every one of them in the universe.”
(7) “I suppose,” the pale man said with a slight smile, “that you don’t have such things in the living-in the active state?”
(8) “Actually, we have to.” said the Bacteriologist. “Here, for instance-” he took up one sealed tube, “is a cultivation of the actual living disease bacteria. Bottled cholera, so to speak.”
(9) A slight gleam of satisfaction appeared momentarily in the face of the pale man. “It’s a deadly thing to have in your possession.” he said, devouring the little tube with his eyes. The Bacteriologist watched the morbid pleasure in his visitor’s expression. This man, who had appeared with a note of introduction from an old friend, interested him deeply. Nothing about his look, expression, manner and his keen interest resembled that of the ordinary scientific worker whom the Bacteriologist was familiar with. It was perhaps natural, though.
(10) He held the tube in his hand thoughtfully. “Yes. Only break such a little tube as this into a supply of drinking water, and death full of pain and indignity would be released upon this city. He would take the husband from the wife, the child from its mother and the statesman from his duty. He would follow the watermains, creeping along streets, picking out and punishing a house where they did not boil their drinking-water, creeping into the wells of the mineral-water makers, getting washed into salad, and lying dormant in ices. Once start him at the water supply, he would have wiped out the metropolis before we know.”
(11) He stopped abruptly. He had been told rhetoric was his weakness.
(2) The eyes of the pale-faced man shone. “These Anarchists (无政府主义者) -rascals are blind fools to use bombs when this kind of thing is available.”
(13) A gentle knock was heard at the door. The Bacteriologist opened it. “Just a minute, dear.” whispered his wife.
(14) When he returned, his visitor was looking at his watch. “I had no idea it’s been an hour. I have an engagement at four and I must leave now.”
(15) The Bacteriologist accompanied him to the door, and then returned thoughtfully to his laboratory. He was still thinking about his visitor. “How fascinated he was by those disease-germs!” Then a disturbing thought struck him. He turned to the bench and then his writing-table. He felt hastily in his pockets, and then rushed to the door.
(16) “Minnie!” he shouted hoarsely in the hall.
(17) “Yes, dear.”
(18) “Had I anything in my hand when I spoke to you just now?”
(19) Pause.
(20) “Nothing, dear, because I remember-”
(21) “Blue ruin!” cried the Bacteriologist and rushed to the front door and into the street.
(22) Minnie, hearing the door slam violently, ran to the window Down the street a slender man was getting into a cab (马车). The Bacteriologist, hatless and in his slippers, was running and gesticulating wildly towards this group. One slipper came off unnoticed. The slender man, glancing round, seemed shocked. He pointed to the Bacteriologist and said something to the cabman. The cabman swished his whip and in a moment the cab disappeared around the corner.
(23) Minnie was dumbfounded. “Of course, he is out of his mind,” she thought, “but running about London-in the height of the season, in his socks!” A happy thought struck her. She hastily put on her hat, shoes and coat, and stopped a cab that passed by. “Drive me up the road and round Havelock Crescent and see if we can find a gentleman running about in a velveteen coat and no hat.” “Very good, ma’am.” And the cabman whipped up at once in the most matter-of-fact way.
(24) Some few minutes later, the little group of cabmen at the cabmen’s shelter were startled by the passing of a cab with a several ginger-colored horses driven furiously.
(25) Must be an emergency, they said. Moments later, they were stunned to see another cab racing by.
(26) “It’s Old George,” said one, “and he’s driving a lunatic, as you say.”
(27) The group became excited. “Go George! It’s a race! You’ll get him!”
(28) The sight of a third cab flying by aroused more curiosity. Minnie went by in a perfect roar of applause. She did not like it but she felt that she was doing her duty. She fixed her eyes on the animated back of Old George that was driving her husband.
(29) The man in the foremost cab sat crouched in the comer, with the little tube gripped in his hand. He felt a mixture of fear and exultation. Chiefly he was afraid of being caught before he could accomplish his purpose but behind this was a vaguer but larger fear of the awfulness of his crime. But his joy far exceeded his fear. No Anarchist before him had ever approached this. All those distinguished persons whose fame he had envied became insignificant. He had only to break the little tube into a well. How brilliantly he had planned it, faked the letter of introduction, and got into the laboratory. How brilliantly he had seized his opportunity! The world should hear of him at last. All those people who had sneered at him and neglected him should consider him at last. Death! They had always treated him as nobody. All the world had been in a conspiracy to keep him under. He would teach them yet what it is to isolate a man. He stuck his head out of the cab. The Bacteriologist was scarcely fifty yards behind. That was bad. He would be caught and stopped yet. He felt in his pocket for money and found half a sovereign. This he waved the money in the cabman’s face. “More,” he shouted, “if only we get away.”
(30) The money was snatched out of his hand. The cab swayed as it sped up. The Anarchist put the hand containing the little glass tube on the bench to preserve his balance. He felt the tube cracked and saw what it contained flow onto the cab floor. He let out a curse and stared dismally at the two or three drops of moisture on the apron.
(31) He shuddered.
(32) “Well! I suppose I shall be the first. Anyhow. I shall be a Martyr. That’s something But I wonder if it hurts as much as they say.”
(33) He picked up the broken end of the tube, where there was still a little drop inside. And he drank that to make sure. He would not fail.
(34) Then it dawned upon him that there was no further need to escape. In Wellington Street he told the cabman to stop and got out. He slipped on the step. His head felt queer. It was rapid stuff this cholera poison. He stood on the pavement with his arm folded upon his breast awaiting the arrival of the Bacteriologist. There was something tragic in his pose. The sense of death gave him a certain dignity. He laughed.
(35) “You are too late, my friend. I have drunk it. Long live anarchy!”
(36) The Bacteriologist from his cab beamed curiously at him. “You have drunk it! An Anarchist! I see now.” He was about to say something more but stopped. He opened the cab door as if to get off. The Anarchist waved him a dramatic farewell and strode off to Waterloo Bridge, carefully bumping his infected body against as many people as possible. The Bacteriologist was so shocked that he didn’t notice Minnie appearing on the pavement with his hat and shoes and overcoat. “Very good of you to bring my things.” he said and remained lost in his thoughts.
(37) “You had better get in,” he said. Minnie felt convinced now that he was mad and directed the cabman home. The cab began to turn, hiding the black figure in the distance from the Bacteriologist’s eyes. Then suddenly something strange struck him and he laughed. Then he remarked, “It is really very serious though.”
(38) “You see, that man came to my house to see me and he is an Anarchist. No-don’t faint, or I cannot possibly tell you the rest. And I wanted to astonish him, not knowing he was an Anarchist, and took up a cultivation of that new species of Bacterium I think caused the blue patches upon various monkeys. Like a fool, I said it was Asiatic cholera. And he ran away with it to poison the water of London, and he certainly might have made things look blue for this civilized city. And now he has swallowed it. Of course, I cannot say what will happen, but you know it turned that kitten blue, and the three puppies-in patches, and the sparrow-bright blue But the bother is, I shall have all the trouble and expense of preparing some more.”
(39) “Put on my coat on this hot day! Why? Because we might meet Mrs. Jabber? My dear! Mrs. Jabber is not a draught. But why should I wear a coat on a hot day because of Mrs. -? Oh! Very well.”
A. one who suffers greatly or is killed, esp. due to political or religious beliefs
B. clever language that sounds good but is not sincere or meaningless
C. someone who wishes to destroy the existing government and laws
D. a substance that has been specially prepared for use as a medicine
E. to look at something with great interest and enthusiasm
F. to show, express or direct through movement
G. to eat all of something quickly and eagerly
前5个小题根据小说内容，判断表述是否正确，正确的请选A，错误的选B。第6-10个小题,请在A-G选项中找出五个单词在文中的正确英文释义，其中有两个是多余选项。最后一个小题, 根据小说内容用完整句子回答问题。
1. The visitor, with the help of the Bacteriologist, saw the living disease bacteria on the glass slip.
2. Minnie chased after her husband to bring him the coat and shoes he needed.
3. Seeing the tube broken and its content spilt, the Anarchist felt angry and disappointed first.
4. By saying “it is really very serious though”, the Bacteriologist showed his care about the Anarchist.
5. The Bacteriologist knew who the visiting man was and played a trick on him.
6. preparation (Para. 5)
7. devour (Para. 9)
8. rhetoric (Para. 11)
9. gesticulate (Para. 22)
10. Marty (Para. 32)
11. What is the theme of this story, and how is it relevant to today’s society and culture?
7 . I use maps. Not the tiny, annoyingly limited ones on smartphones. I use real paper maps that you open from a rectangle and rarely refold properly. Maps you can take out to rapidly scan on the road in unfamiliar places. Paper maps are there for you every time you need them and need no recharging. They simply and dependably orient(指方向) and inform.
I’ve traveled in and out of the state with my grandson Connor often enough to have long since introduced him to this way of getting from place to place. His first response as an 8-year-old was “Grandma, just use the GPS.” But that was no help since the one in my old Honda Fit was hopelessly out of date. As for a smartphone, I didn’t own one. And so Connor is learning to use paper maps too. Opening one myself is akin to texting while driving, perhaps even more distracting(分散注意力的)for me. I’ve done it, but I’ve reformed.
Our next trip will be to visit friends in Connecticut, and I’ve just picked up new copies of the state’s road maps. I’ve yellow-highlighted our route from Providence, Rhode Island, to Old Saybrook and Durham in Connecticut, then back to Providence. It is a pretty familiar route for me, as I’ve spent multiple summers doing geologic fieldwork in the forests and the Connecticut River Valley. Still, I wouldn’t think of driving without paper maps. It would be too out of character. It would be like traveling without a good book or a moral compass.
Going over the route with now 13-year-old Connor so that he can follow along and occasionally answer a routing question while I’m driving may take some perseverance(毅力) on my part. He looks at road maps the same way he looks at my old college typewriter or my mom’s Nokia phone. However, his next tutorial on navigating(导航)with paper is around the corner, and I’m determined that he should learn the ropes. By the time he’s driving himself, I’ll put new maps of India surrounding states in his car. Who knows when a cellphone might quit or a GPS system might stop working?
I could really annoy Connor by informing him of directional signs from the sun, moon, and stars. But enough is enough for a teenager. For this next trip at least, we’ll stay grounded in maps.
1. What does the author like about paper maps?| A．They can be neatly refolded. | B．They can be easily carried. |
| C．They are quite reliable. | D．They are very cheap. |
| A．Difficult. | B．Similar. |
| C．Suitable. | D．Dangerous. |
| A．She is unfamiliar with this place. |
| B．She is used to driving with maps. |
| C．Her grandson insists on bringing maps. |
| D．Her geologic fieldwork requires maps. |
| A．How to drive a car. | B．How to draw a map. |
| C．How to use paper maps. | D．How to navigate by the sun. |
8 . Taktak tabulaba?
You probably don’t know how to answer that question---unless you happen to be one of the about 430 people in the world who speak a language called Matukar Panau. Then you would know it means “What are we doing?” Matukar Panau is one of the world’s rarest languages. It is spoken in just two small coastal villages in Papua New Guinea.
Several years ago, David Harrison, a language expert didn’t know much about Matukar Panau either. No one had ever recorded or even studied its words and rules. With so few speakers, the language risked disappearing soon. It was endangered.
Harrison didn’t want that to happen to Matukar Panau. So in 2009, he set out for Papua New Guinea. His goal: use modern technology to help the remaining speakers preserve their native tongue.
But Matukar Panau is far from the only language facing loss. Studies suggest that by the end of this century, nearly half of the 7,000 languages now spoken worldwide could disappear. They’re in danger partly because the only people left speaking them are elderly adults, Harrison says. When those individuals die, their language will die with them. In addition, children may discard a native language and instead use more common global languages, such as Chinese, English or Spanish.
In the United States alone, 134 native American languages are endangered. Harrison says, “language hotspots” exist all over the world. These are places with endangered languages that haven’t been recorded. They include the state of Oklahoma, pockets of central and eastern Siberia, parts of northern Australia and communities in South America.
1. The purpose of using the question “Taktak tabulaba?” is to ________.| A．introduce a new foreign language |
| B．introduce the topic of the text |
| C．show the difficulty understanding Matukar Panau |
| D．stress the importance of Matukar Panau |
| A．get rid of | B．pick up |
| C．hear of | D．learn about |
| A．dying quickly in Siberia |
| B．popular in some special places |
| C．becoming a worldwide problem |
| D．some native tongues |
9 . You can remember the face, but can't put a name to it. Many of us have been caught in this embarrassing situation. But researchers say it is often easier to remember someone's name than what they look like.
Twenty-four volunteers were shown 40 pictures of strangers, paired with random(随机的) names. They were given time to memorize the faces and names before being tested on which they thought they had seen before.
The participants could remember up to 85 percent of the names but only 73 percent of the faces. When they were shown a different picture of the same person, the participants could recall only 64 percent of faces, according to the study, led by the University of York.
That may be because faces are only recognized visually(视觉地), while names can be both spoken and written down so appear in our visual and audio memory. When people were shown famous people, they also remembered their names more accurately than their photographs. Co-author Dr Rob Jenkins, from the university’s psychology department, said, ''Our study suggests that, while many people may be bad at remembering names, they are likely to be even worse at remembering faces. This will surprise many people as it is against our initial understanding. Our life experiences with names and faces have misled us about how our minds work. '' Remembering names gets harder with age, leading to many uncomfortable moments for middle-aged people when they run into people they know.
But to study whether names are harder to recall than faces, the researchers, whose findings are published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, used a ''fair test'' where the participants were presented with strangers' names and faces.
1. What can we know according to the research in Paragraph 3?| A．It is certain that names are harder to recall than faces. |
| B．Remembering names is more easily than remembering faces. |
| C．Most participants can remember the face not the name to it. |
| D．The participants can recall 73% faces of the same person. |
| A．Age will weaken the ability to remember names. |
| B．Unlike faces, names are only recognized visually. |
| C．Faces can appear in our visual and audio memory. |
| D．Rob Jenkins has proved people can remember faces better. |
| A．Clear. | B．first. |
| C．Unusual. | D．Creative. |
| A．People can't remember strangers’ names and faces. |
| B．Recalling names is more difficult than remembering faces. |
| C．The researcher uses the same method to study another problem. |
| D．Whether names are harder to recall than faces is further proved. |
10 . The name Sahara comes from the Arabic word for “desert” or “steppe”. At 3.5 million square miles, an area roughly the size of the United States, the Sahara Desert in northern Africa is the largest desert in the world. It spans the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea. Daytime temperatures can reach as high as 130 F. But it can also be as low as 2.5 percent, the lowest in the world. Most of the Sahara receives less than five inches of rain per year, while large areas sometimes have no rainfall at all for years.
At the heart of the Sahara is the landlocked north African country of Niger. Here the sand dunes can be 100 feet tall and several miles long. Here sand plains stretch over an area larger than Germany where there is neither water nor towns. Yet sitting in the midst of the surrounding desert is the town of Bilma. Suddenly there are pools of clear water. Surprisingly, there are groves of date palms. Underground water resources, or oases(绿洲), sufficient to support irrigated(灌溉)agriculture are found in dry stream beds and depressions. Irrigation ditches run off a creek to water fields. Corn, ‘cassava, tea, peanuts:hot peppers, and orange, lime, and grapefruit trees grow in these fields. Donkeys and goats graze on green grass.
The Sahara of Niger is still a region where you can see a camel caravan of 500 camels tied together in loose lines as long as a mile, traveling toward such oasis towns. There a caravan will collect life-sustaining salt, which is mined from watery basins, and transport it up to 400 miles back to settlements on the edges of the desert. The round trip across the vast sands takes one month
1. This passage is mainly about___________.| A．life in the Sahara | B．the deserts of Africa |
| C．the town of Bilma. | D．the way camels travel |
| A．less than five inches per year | B．less than ten inches per year |
| C．less than twenty inches per year | D．zero |
| A．a place where no one lives |
| B．an area where winters are freezing |
| C．an area that attracts many tourists |
| D．a place of contrasts |
| A．expert trainer | B．group traveling together |
| C．railroad train | D．a small, fast sailing boat |
