1 . Experts are warning about the risks of extremely picky(挑剔的)eating after a teenager living on a diet of chips and crisps developed lasting sight loss. Eye doctors in Bristol cared for the 17-year-old after his sight had gone to the point of blindness. Tests showed he had serious vitamin deficiency(缺乏). Dr. Denize Atan, who treated him at the hospital, said, “His diet was basically a portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop every day. He also used to snack on crisps and sometimes white bread and ham, and not really any fruit and vegetables.”
The teenager saw his doctor at the age of 14 because he had been feeling tired and unwell. At that time he suffered from vitamin B12 deficiency, but he did not stick with the treatment or improve his poor diet. Three years later, he was taken to the Bristol Eye Hospital because of progressive sight loss.
He was not overweight or underweight, but he had lost minerals from his bones, which was really quite shocking for a boy of his age. In terms of his sight loss, he met the standards of being blind. “He had blind spots right in the middle of his sight,” said Dr Denize Atan, “That means he can’t drive and would find it really arduous to read, watch TV or recognize faces.”
Dr Denize Atan said that parents should learn about the harm that can be caused by picky eating, and turn to experts for help. For those who are concerned , she advised, “It’s best not to be anxious about picky eating , and instead calmly introduce one or two new foods with every meal.” She said multivitamin tablets can supplement(补充) a diet, but cannot take the place of eating healthily. “It’s much better to take in vitamins through a varied and balanced diet,” she said, adding that too many certain vitamins , including vitamin A, can be harmful ,“so you don’t want to overdo it.”
1. What does Dr Denize Atan imply in paragraph 1?| A．The diet of the boy is not balanced. |
| B．Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins. |
| C．Picky eating is common among teenagers. |
| D．The cause of the boy’s disease is unknown. |
| A．To improve his poor diet. |
| B．To get some help to lose weight. |
| C．To be treated for his discomfort. |
| D．To slow down his progressive sight loss. |
| A．Important. | B．Easy. | C．Necessary. | D．Difficult. |
| A．Reasons why the boy is seriously ill. |
| B．Suggestions for the boy’s family to care for him. |
| C．Advice for parents worried about picky eating. |
| D．Ways of taking in enough vitamins and minerals. |
2 . The weather is getting hotter and you’ll be getting thirstier playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful what you pour down your throat. Something that looks cool may not be good for your health.
There are plenty of so-called energy drinks on the market. Most of them have an attractive color and cool name. Their nutrition lists also contains various things from vitamins to ginseng. Sounds great!
But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks contain high levels of caffeine. These drinks are typically aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players.
Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much Caffeine raises your heartbeat. Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited their use. The amount of caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as high as in a strong cup of coffee or strong tea.
There are potential health dangers linked to energy drinks. Just one can of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart attacks.
Teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them, an expert from the Australia Nutrition Foundation said.
1. The teenagers like drinking energy drinks because of the following EXCEPT that ________.| A．they have an attractive color and cool name | B．they contain high levels of caffeine |
| C．they can keep them awake and better at sports | D．they are said to have various nutrition |
| A．dropped | B．stopped | C．helped | D．asked |
| A．advertisements play an important part in getting people to buy the goods |
| B．the amount of caffeine in most energy drinks is lower than that in a strong cup of coffee |
| C．Australian teenagers drink more energy drinks than those in the other countries |
| D．The energy drinks are typically aimed at young people |
| A．What’s the Use of Energy Drinks? | B．Who can Drink Energy Drinks? |
| C．What is That in Energy Drinks? | D．Why can’t We Buy Energy Drinks? |
3 . An early spring morning I woke up with a strange thought "Something's gonna happen." The weather was beautiful and the morning promised a perfect day. I was still in bed, enjoying the sun and fresh air. Suddenly, the phone rang. I got it and a strange voice said: "Good morning. Are you sleeping yet?"
I wondered who it was. It was a nice woman's voice with a special accent. She told me that she wanted to see me and hung up. That phone call made me think a lot. A few minutes later 1 forgot this. 1 had breakfast and went out for a walk. The smell of spring was hovering in the air. The weather was warm. I was walking through the park, enjoying the beautiful nature.
Just then. I saw a young boy picking up a wallet from the ground. It seemed to me that I had seen this wallet before. First, I thought that he had dropped it, but his next actions made me think the opposite. The boy took the wallet carefully. cleaned it, and put it into his pocket. After that, he ran as quickly as he could. I didn't know what to do, so I began to scream loudly. I hoped there would be somebody nearby to catch him. But there was nobody around. I ran after him, but he disappeared somehow.
Then I reached in my pocket and realized that this wallet was mine. I felt very hopeless—no money, no keys, nothing. Maybe I had dropped it. That was a very awful day.
Suddenly, while I was sitting on a bench, a fascinating young woman appeared. She asked: "What has happened to you? Where have you been?" It was the same voice which I had heard that morning on the phone. The special accent I had heard on the phone. The same special accent! I couldn't believe my eyes. She was standing in front of me, trying to tell me something.
At that moment I felt someone shaking me and saying: "Wake up, wake up. It's getting late. Wake up!"
I opened my eyes and saw my mother. What a pity! No fascinating young lady, no park, nothing. I jumped out of bed immediately and checked where my wallet was. Thank God! It was there. It had only been a bad dream.
1. Why did the author begin to scream loudly?| A．He met something scary. |
| B．He wanted to have the boy caught. |
| C．He wanted the boy to stop running |
| D．He wished the fascinating woman to appear. |
| A．It was gentle. | B．It was from his find. |
| C．It was special accent. | D．It often appeared on his phone. |
| A．Staying in one place | B．Waiting in an uncertain way. |
| C．Rising last in the sky | D．Flying away quickly. |
| A．He lost it in the park | B．It was still in his pocket. |
| C．The boy took it away. | D．His mother hid it |
| A．The author's friend | B．The author's mother. |
| C．The young boy's sister | D．There's no such woman. |
4 . Journalism (新闻业) is a fast-paced industry, requiring reporters to get the facts about newsworthy events and to write about them before a deadline (截止日期). It takes some skills to do this. At the same time, news reporters must follow strict requirements and have a deep understanding of news writing.
Know what you’re going to write about. Newsworthy events can happen anytime and anywhere. So reporters need to develop a good nose for news.
Get all the facts and look at the details. Be sure to look at a story from different angle (角度). Even if you are covering a popular story or topic that others are writing about, look for an angle that will make this one yours.
Check facts to avoid mistakes. Sources may also make mistakes and some may even deceive you. It’s wise to get in touch with other sources. In a shooting incident, for example, getting the facts from the police and from both the criminal (罪犯) and victim isn’t enough. You should also interview other witnesses who may give more information about the incident. Interviewing people and getting a firsthand source on your topic can be valuable.
Start writing the news. When it comes to the body of the article, the main information should be given in the leading statement. It is often a short one, including the basics of what happened, where and when it took place, who was involved and why it’s newsworthy. These details are the main point that informs the reader. Other information about the story follows. This form allows editors to cut off the last paragraphs if there’re space limits.
Check your article for mistakes. If time permits, leave the article for a moment and then read through it again with a fresh eye. Newspaper publications usually have someone check for mistakes but keep in mind that you’re the first line of defense. Grammar mistakes are embarrassing (令人尴尬的), and some mistakes may result in a lawsuit(诉讼).
1. What can we learn about journalism from the first paragraph?| A．It is developing fast. | B．It is very challenging. |
| C．It is very interesting. | D．It is popular worldwide. |
| A．Warn. | B．Assist. |
| C．Interest. | D．Cheat. |
| A．It begins with a summary. | B．It ends with a happy ending. |
| C．It has enough smart questions. | D．It gives opinions about the event. |
| A．By choosing a proper topic. | B．By checking it for grammar mistakes. |
| C．By filling it with enough details. | D．By removing boring facts from it. |
5 . A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms, though my teacher emphasized the importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.
One day, I happened to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be astonished, gently shaking his head, shrugging his shoulders, saying, “You don’t say! ” “You don’t say! ” I was puzzled. I thought, “Perhaps this is not an appropriate topic. Well, I’d better change the topic. ” So I said to him, “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? By the way, have you ever been there? ”“Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It is magnificent. ” He was deep in thought when I began to talk like a tourist guide, “The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very proud of it. ” Soon I was interrupted again by his order, “You don’t say! ” I couldn’t help asking. I said, “Didn’t you say you don’t say? ” Hearing this, the Englishman laughed. He explained, “ ‘You don’t say’ actually means ‘Really? ’. It is an expression of surprise. Perhaps you haven’t learned that English idiom. ” Only then did I realize I had made a fool of myself. Since then, I have been more careful with idiomatic expressions.
1. A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms because ______.| A．English idioms were too difficult to master |
| B．I had no interest in English learning |
| C．my teacher didn’t emphasize the importance |
| D．I cared little about the teacher’s instruction |
| A．the Englishman was only interested in the Great Wall |
| B．the Englishman was not interested in my English studies |
| C．I had talked too much |
| D．I had to stop talking at once |
| A．terrible | B．important |
| C．interesting | D．lucky |
| A．The Englishman was leaving China without seeing the Great Wall. |
| B．The Englishman wanted to see the Great Wall after I talked about it. |
| C．The Englishman wanted me to act as his guide. |
| D．The Englishman visited the Great Wall and thought it worth visiting. |
6 . If you were to see the Great Banyan Tree in the Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden from a distance, you could be forgiven for mistaking it for a forest. Covering more than 14,493 square meters, the tree is the widest in the world. It is so large that it covers more ground than the average Wal-Mart.
No one is quite sure exactly how old the Great Banyan Tree is due to the lack of official records, but experts guess that the tree is at least 250 years old. The earliest references to the tree have been found in travel writing dating from the 19th century. Over the years, the tree has gone through a lot. Not only has it survived two major disasters in 1864 and 1867, but its main trunk also caught a deadly disease. And because of the disease, the main trunk of the tree needed to be removed in 1925.
Despite going through such a major surgery, the Great Banyan Tree proved resilient (能复原的).This is because of thousands of aerial roots (气生根) that grow from the tree's branches and go into the ground. And that is what gives the impression of a full forest rather than a single tree.
Taking care of this large tree is so difficult that it takes a 13-member team. Not only do they make sure the tree stays healthy, but they also “train” the roots to grow correctly.
In Indian culture, banyan trees are among the most venerated. It is considered to be a sacred tree in various religions. For example, in Hinduism, it symbolizes longevity and represents the great God, Brahma. In Buddhism, banyan trees are also significant because it is believed that Buddha sat beneath one for 7 days.
Want to see the Great Banyan Tree for yourself? The botanical garden is easily accessible by car or bus from the Kolkata city center. As well as the Great Banyan Tree, you can also see a wide variety of plants from all around the world, making it an amazing journey.
1. According to the article, the Great Banyan Tree___________.| A．is the tallest tree in the world | B．is the widest tree in the world |
| C．is the strangest tree in the world | D．has the most branches in the world |
| A．The tree is exactly 250 years old. |
| B．The tree has survived many disasters. |
| C．The government has detailed records of the tree. |
| D．The tree was planted in another place in the 1920s. |
| A．respected. | B．recorded. | C．reminded. | D．relieved. |
| A．India's Great Banyan Tree. | B．Places you can visit in India. |
| C．A botanic garden in India. | D．The protection of the Great Banyan Tree. |
7 . Siblings refer to one's brothers and sisters. We're attached to siblings as adults far longer than we are as children. Our sibling relationships, in fact, are the longest-lasting family ties we have.
“Paul, my younger brother, and I, kind of annoyed each other when we were kids,” said Anna, an interviewee, “But as adults, we've always had each other's back, especially when dealing with our mother's health crisis. Paul is the first person I want to talk to when something worries me.”
There's probably a biological explanation for the close bond of the sibling relationship. Siblings share half their genes, which biologists say should be motivation enough for each other's devotion.
One thing that can weaken closeness in adulthood is a parent who played favorites in childhood; this sense of hatred can last a lifetime. The simple concept of parental favoritism was enough to shake their relationship.
“What Paul and I are pretty sure is our parents treated us the same when we were growing up. Yet we're very different people,” Anna said, “Paul is outgoing while I'm shy. Paul is an amateur pianist while I can't read music or carry a tune. In families with more than one child, every sibling seems to get a label in contrast to every other sibling.”
The very presence of siblings in the household can be an education. When a new baby is born, the older sibling gains social skills by interacting with the younger, and the younger gains cognitive (认知) skills by imitating the older. They learn from the friction between them, too, as they fight for their parents' attention, Mild conflict between brothers and sisters teaches them how to interact with friends and co-workers for the rest of their lives.
It's so sad when things between siblings fall apart, which happens when aging parents need care or die—old feelings of contradiction and jealousy erupt all over again. Many families get through their parents' illnesses just fine, establishing networks where the workload is divided pretty much equally. But about 40 percent of the time there is a single primary caregiver who feels like she is not getting any help from her brothers and sisters, which can lead to serious conflicts.
Throughout adulthood, the sibling relationship “is powerful and unchanged”, said Jane Mersky Leder, author of the new e-book The Sibling Connection. Whether we are close to our siblings or distant, she writes, they remain our brothers and sisters for better or for worse.
So remember the immortal (永恒的) words of folksinger Loudon Wainwright Ⅲ, in a song called Thanksgiving. “On this brilliant occasion, this special family dinner, if I argue with a loved one, please make me...”
1. What can probably encourage hatred among siblings?| A．The aging of their Mom and Dad. | B．The difference between their hobbies. |
| C．The conflict in their daily lives. | D．The unequal treatment from their parents. |
| A．mild conflict | B．close relationship | C．active interaction | D．cognitive imitation |
| A．employ an experienced caregiver | B．take on reasonable burdens |
| C．equally divide the fortune | D．send them straight to hospital |
| A．it's emotionally acceptable to quarrel with siblings |
| B．we should be grateful to have brothers or sisters in life |
| C．Thanksgiving Day is a wonderful occasion |
| D．Thanksgiving Day is a time for brothers to get together |
8 . Dr. Raint Mishori of Georgetown University Hospital says many people believe it's possible to become immune to colds. But that's not the Case. “There are about 200 different viruses that cause the common cold and people think that once you get a cold, you develop immunity for the rest of your life . This is wrong.” She said.
There are many other common beliefs about colds that medical science doesn't support. How many of us believe the main cause of the common cold is exposure to cold temperatures? Even some studies have shown that people get sick more frequently during the winter.
But Dr. Mishori says it is not because of cold weather. It's because people tend to gather and the way the common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is through handshake, through sneezing, or through coughing on one another.
While there is no actual cure for the common cold, Dr. Mishori says there are still a few things you can do to help reduce its duration and ease symptoms. Though the medical community says Vitamin C does not help prevent colds, there is definitely some proof that it helps keep them from being as bad. “So if you catch a cold and start taking about two grams of Vitamin C a day, there is evidence that it might shorten the number of days that you will be suffering with these symptoms.” Dr. Mishori stated.
In addition, medical science says honey and chicken soup are effective against colds. Especially honey. “There is increased evidence that it helps shorten the duration of the common cold sometimes even by two to three days particularly in children,” Dr. Mishori said. “Chicken soup also helps reduce the duration of the cold.”
There's also a common belief that you should “feed a cold and starve a fever.” Dr. Mishori says “not necessary”. “If you do have a cold and you don't feel like eating anything, it's not going to hurt you but you have to drink a lot and you can drink water or you can drink tea, anything that gets fluids into your body, “she said, “That's very important.”
So—if drinking fluids is a good idea—what about milk? “I will never give milk to a child who has got bad phlegm. My son used to have that and he would threw up.” Nadine Audrewy, a proud grandmother of 5, believes it's not a good idea to give milk to a child who has a cold.
Well, says Dr. Mishori, maybe and maybe not. “Dairy products do not cause increased secretions but they can thicken the secretions,” she explained. “So it's possible that discomfort is increased when you drink milk, but obviously if you are a baby and it's all you drink then you should not stop giving babies milk.”
There are many other myths about colds that do not stand the test of science. Doctors say the best advice is to continue using whatever works best for you. Even if it doesn't make the cold better, it won't make it worse either— while you wait for the cold to just run its natural course.
1. A medical expert will probably agree__________.| A．people develop total immunity after a cold | B．viruses spread only in winters |
| C．a cold may be the result of human contacts | D．low temperatures are major threats to our health |
| A．drink a lot to get fluids | B．have as much tea as possible |
| C．force yourself to eat a lot | D．starve yourself to kill the virus |
| A．exposure to cold weather is the main cause of common colds |
| B．getting fluids into bodies can cure colds |
| C．chicken soup and Vitamin C help prevent colds |
| D．dairy products may increase the discomfort of a child with a cold |
| A．common yet mistaken beliefs | B．recent scientific discoveries |
| C．experience from older generations | D．conclusions proved by researches |
9 . Home to 8.2 million people, 36 percent of whom were born outside the United State, New York, known as the Big Apple, is the biggest city in America. Nearly twenty times bigger than the capital, Washington DC, you might expect New York to be twenty times more dangerous, actually, it’s safer. Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. It's also healthier than it used to be. For example, the smoking rate has gone down from 21.5 percent a few years ago, to 16.9 percent today.
New Yorkers should be delighted, shouldn't they? In fact, many feel that New York is losing its identity. It used to be the city that never sleeps. These days it's the city that never smokes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple.
If you decided to have a picnic in Central Park, you'd need to be careful—if you decided to feed the birds with your sandwich, you could be arrested. It's banned. In many countries a mobile phone going off in the cinema is annoying. In New York it's illegal. So is putting your bag on an empty seat in the subway. If you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldn't it? Er ... no. You can't smoke in public in New York City. In fact, you can't smoke outdoors on the street or in parks either. The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Gray don Carter, says, “Under New York City law it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray.” He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray.
But not all of New York's citizens are complaining. Marcia Dugarry, seventy-two, said, "The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these laws, America would be a better place to live."
The new laws have helped turn the city into one of the healthiest—and most pleasant places to live in America—very different from its old image of a dirty and dangerous city. Its pavements are almost litter-free, its bars clean and its streets among America's safest. Not putting your bag on subway seats might be a small price to pay.
1. The author writes Paragraph 1 mainly to tell the reader that New York is________.| A．bigger than Washington D.C. | B．the best place in the world |
| C．safer and healthier | D．the most dangerous city |
| A．quite popular | B．not allowed in law | C．very impolite | D．quite common |
| A．Some of New York's new laws are not reasonable. |
| B．A gun is much easier to get than an ashtray. |
| C．The police had no right to take away his ashtray |
| D．there should be a law to keep guns away from people. |
| A．The writer supports them. | B．The writer is against them. |
| C．The writer is not interested in them. | D．The writer's attitude is not clear. |
10 . Malaria(疟疾) is a mosquito-borne disease caused by a parasite (寄生虫). People with malaria often experience fever, and flu-like illness. Left untreated, they may die. A new study suggests that some homemade soups might help fight malaria.
Jake Baum of Imperial College London led the research. He asked children at a London school to bring in home-made clear soups that their families would make to treat a fever. The children were from many different cultural backgrounds. And the soups were then given to the parasite that created 99.7 percent of malaria cases in Africa.
Of the 56 soups tested, five were more than 50 percent effective in containing the growth of the parasite. Two were as effective as one drug now used to treat malaria. And four soups were more than 50 percent effective in preventing parasites from aging to the point when they could infect (感染) mosquitoes that spread the disease. The soups came from families from different places, including Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. They had several main ingredients (成分), including chicken, beef and green vegetables. Baum said the vegetarian soups showed similar results to the soups with meat.
Baum and his team reported their results recently in the publication Archives of Disease in Childhood. “When we started getting soups that worked - in the lab under very limited conditions - we were really happy and excited,” Baum said. Baum also added that it was unclear which foods made the soups effective against malaria. “If we were serious about going back and finding the ingredients, like good scientists, we’d have to do it in a better way,” he said.
Baum said his aim was in part to show children that scientific research can turn a herbal (草本的) cure into a man-made medicine. Now the drugs that treat the disease are becoming useless for more and more people, and about 400,000 people are killed by the disease every year. That means scientists will have to find new drugs.
1. What can we learn about malaria from the passage?| A．It can be easily recognized. |
| B．It can be a very serious disease. |
| C．It doesn’t always require treatment. |
| D．It is a big problem in many countries. |
| A．To figure out their ingredients. |
| B．To learn about different cultures. |
| C．To see if they could help cure fevers. |
| D．To see if they could help fight malaria. |
| A．Improving. | B．Proving. | C．Preventing. | D．Showing. |
| A．They can be harmful to people’s health. |
| B．They have no effect on many people. |
| C．They just work in certain countries. |
| D．They are very difficult to get. |
