1 . MOOC, an open online course, aims at providing interactive discussion and open access via the web. In addition to _________ course materials such as videos, readings, and problem sets, MOOC provide interactive user forums that help build a _________ for the students, professors, and teaching assistants.

MOOCs _________ made waves in the fall of 2011, when Professor Sebastian Thrun from Stanford University opened his graduate-level artificial intelligence course up to any student anywhere, and 160,000 students in more than 190 countries _________. This new kind of online classes is _________ the higher education world in many ways. Since the courses can be taken by hundreds of thousands of students at the same time, the number of universities might _________ greatly. Professor Thrun has even _________ a future in which there will only need to be 10 universities in the world. Perhaps the most _________ thing about MOOCs, many of which are being taught by professors at prestigious (声誉高的) universities, is that they’re free. This is certainly good news for _________ students.

There is a lot of __________ and fear about MOOCs. While some say free online courses are a great way to increase the __________ of minority students, others have said they will leave many students __________. Some critics have said that MOOCs encourage an unrealistic universal __________ of higher education and that there is no replacement for true dialogues between __________and their students. __________, a brain is not a computer. We are not __________ hard drives waiting to be filled with data. People learn from people they __________ and remember the things that arouse emotion. Some __________ worry that online students will miss out on the social aspects of college. In other words, MOOCs __________social interaction among students and professors even if they are offered by professors from __________ universities.

1.

A．appealing

B．remote

C．traditional

D．random

2.

A．canteen

B．community

C．dormitory

D．gallery

3.

A．initially

B．frequently

C．recently

D．last

4.

A．put up

B．come up

C．show up

D．signed up

5.

A．shaking

B．revealing

C．envying

D．encouraging

6.

A．increase

B．decline

C．roll

D．bounce

7.

A．confirmed

B．ensured

C．imagined

D．sought

8.

A．flexible

B．disturbing

C．annoying

D．impressive

9.

A．particular

B．poor

C．inspired

D．fortunate

10.

A．excitement

B．caution

C．curiosity

D．carefulness

11.

A．significance

B．recording

C．registration

D．restriction

12.

A．off

B．out

C．alone

D．behind

13.

A．wisdom

B．outline

C．model

D．philosophy

14.

A．comedians

B．professors

C．principals

D．psychologist

15.

A．Therefore

B．Somewhat

C．Besides

D．After all

16.

A．blank

B．full

C．attentive

D．core

17.

A．disagree

B．dislike

C．criticize

D．admire

18.

A．experts

B．critics

C．witnesses

D．authorities

19.

A．lack

B．contain

C．develop

D．integrate

20.

A．plain

B．noble

C．famous

D．autonomous

3 . Education officials and industry experts are debating the future of online learning. The discussion is important because hundreds of universities in the United States have recently moved classes online because of the spread of COVID-19.

For Asha Choksi, the rise of Internet-based or online study programs has led to major improvements in higher education. “It’s actually given a lot more power to students in terms of how, when and where they learn,” the head of research for Pearson Education said.

Classes meet online through video conferencing. In this way, students are able to communicate with each other and their professors even when they are far away from school. However, recent research suggests the majority of college students and professors prefer in-person instruction, because they are concerned that companies supervising online learning programs are not clear about the policies they have with the schools they serve.

“Students see in-class lectures as opportunities to engage with instructors, peers, and content.” the researchers wrote. In-person learning is especially important in fields like healthcare and teaching. Online education can never really take its place, said Stephanie Hall, a fellow with the independent policy research group The Century Foundation. “Students need to experience...what they’re learning about, reading about or hearing about in the classroom. And I don’t know yet the degree to which technology can facilitate that.”

“When schools make agreements with online program managers to run their online programs, they often do not make important information available to students,” Hall said. This includes how much control the company has over the design of the program or whether the faculty leading the classes was involved in their design. In addition, many colleges and universities advertise online programs as a low cost opportunity for students. But in some cases, students attending in-person classes get financial aid and online students do not.

1. What does Choksi think of the online study programs?

A．They promote the development of technology.

B．They reform the country’s education system.

C．They provide advanced scientific knowledge.

D．They offer students more choices in study.

2. According to most college students and professors, what’s the advantage of in-person learning?

A．It is convenient.	B．It costs less to study.
C．It can better meet school policies.	D．It can improve students’ communication skills.

3. What does the underlined word “facilitate” probably mean in paragraph 4?

A．Achieve.

B．Apply.

C．Change.

D．Control.

4. What’s the author’s attitude towards the research results?

A．Negative.

B．Skeptical.

C．Supportive.

D．Objective.

4 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

随着上海的新冠病毒疫情形势的日趋严峻，线上学习模式暂时还将延续，请结合你的实际居家学习和生活，谈谈你在居家线上学习生活中的得与失。

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5 . Directions: Write an English composition in I20-l50 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
由于新冠肺炎疫情的发生，国外学生也开始使用钉钉（DingTalk）软件进行在线学习，目前你的国外朋友Tom询问你如何使用其进行在线学习你学校开设的汉语课程。现在你给他回信，告诉他使用的方法及在线汉语课程的特色。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 . Online education has grown fast over the past ten years. The explosion of technology has made teaching outside the traditional classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials. Its attractiveness, benefits, and challenges are addressed.

In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first question out of her mouth was, “Do you offer any online courses?” Later that day, as I was reading the conference program guide trying for interesting presentations, I noticed many workshops on web-based learning and online education. I later attended two of those workshops and met several professors from different universities who had either taught online courses for quite some time or who were discovering the best practice for teaching online. These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.

My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of online education. Consequently, I made several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned that online courses may consume more time than regular classroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a network with those who were involved in online programs at other universities. I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design my own online course. Also, I conducted a brief survey with 15 students and two faculty members who had taken or taught an online course before to understand their experience. Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for online education.

1. What benefits the development of online education?

A．Teachers’ good teaching ability.	B．Lack of traditional classrooms.
C．Learners’ access to free courses.	D．The rapid advance of technology.

2. Why did the author take a student for example?

A．To show students’ love for the doctoral program.

B．To persuade learners of traditional education.

C．To explain the growing trend of online education.

D．To predict the future of the teaching career.

3. What caused the author to know more about online education?

A．The appetite for knowledge.	B．The professional responsibilities.
C．The requirement of research.	D．The colleagues’ encouragement.

4. What is the author’s attitude to online education?

A．Carefree.

B．Doubtful.

C．Supportive.

D．Unwilling.

8 . Online education is one of the many advances that technology has brought to us.    1     It’s really a great challenge to traditional education. However, people’s attitudes towards online education are different based on the advantages and disadvantages of it.

    2    Traditional universities have opened up many online courses for students who do not have the time to attend classes or the budget to accept actual university education. From music to cooking, we can get a number of online courses to learn.

The main advantage of online learning is that it offers an alternative to traditional classes.    3    And it, in some ways, increases the study efficiency. For example, it saves time between our school and home so that we can have more time to learn.

The disadvantage of online learning is that it ignores the communication between students and the teacher and their classmates. Besides, its role in some areas is also limited.    4    

Only by making full use of its strengths and avoiding its weaknesses can we achieve the biggest benefit.    5    For example, you can learn theories online while learning hands-on skills in traditional classes.

A．The difference lies in the learning experience.

B．In recent years, there is a big growth in online learning.

C．Some skills like nursing work must be learned face to face.

D．It means we no longer have to be physically present in the classroom.

E．Combining online education with traditional education is the best choice.

F．The traditional education will be replaced by online learning in the future.

G．It’s good for students with busy schedules and for those who are working at the same time.

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内的正确形式。

As COVID-19 gets worse in Japan, many companies are taking steps     1    （reduce） the chances of infection. Recently teachers of Tokyo COSMO School has used Chinese office software to hold video conferences with the students. With the     2    （arrive） of a minor vacation in Japan, the teachers have used it to remind the students     3     self-protection and planned to open long-distance teaching through it.

    4     is reported that DingTalk is Alibaba's free intelligent mobile office platform, playing     5     huge role in telecommuting and teaching of Chinese enterprises and schools during the outbreak. It currently covers 10 million     6    （business） in China and has 200 million users. During the outbreak, more than 50 million Chinese students attend classes online through DingTalk.

DingTalk     7    （ apply） for more than 2 years in Tokyo COSMO School, and has greatly improved its management. During COVID-19, DingTalk can help us deliver     8    （late） news to the students at the first time,     9     is very efficient and convenient, ” said the school's principal, Tetsuya Matsuka. In order to prevent COVID-19, the long-distance teaching can be opened through the DingTalk at any time     10    （ base） on needs, so that more than 300 students can attend classes at home.

10 . JENNIFER SALLS — A high school math teacher in Sparks, Nevada

It is possible to construct good online courses that would support mathematics learning with middle and high school students. However, these courses would not look like most current online courses.

When we imagine an online course, we think of a solitary (孤立的)process in which a student is holed up with his or her computer, watching PowerPoints, paging through screens of text and solving a whole bunch of problems. While learning may be occurring, I suspect that it's short-term with little real understanding of mathematics. There are some students who learn well under these circumstances, but this is not true for the majority of students.

A good online course would take advantage of the many interactive resources. For example, if students were learning to solve equations, they would be directed to solve a carefully arranged set of problems using an interactive program. They would reflect on the interaction and share their observations with others taking the course.

Eventually, the lesson would move students toward solving equations, using their experiences with the interactive program as the jumping-off point. Students could experience real-world problems through video and simulations and use a variety of computer-based tools to solve these problems. Notice that a course like this is not solitary, but highly interactive, and it builds both problem-solving skills and conceptual knowledge.

BRIGID BARRON — A psychologist at Stanford University's School of Education

Whether or not any computing tool used in the classroom will interfere with or energize learning depends on how the teacher organizes its use.

When online courses are well designed, they offer learners and teachers wonderful opportunities. Hybrid models that combine classroom interaction with tools like blogs, podcasts, social networks and discussion forums can engage students in ways that traditional environments do not. When students are given challenging material, asked to carry out research and to create ways to share what they are learning with students from all over the world, engagement goes up.

There are other benefits. Assessment of student learning can be partly automated and designed to provide continuous feedback. When students need assistance, they can be directed to activities that will help them learn. Perhaps most importantly, online courses can help bridge gaps in course offerings within a school district. Many economically challenged schools don't have the resources to provide specialized or advanced courses, but those courses could be offered online.

Many students are already using technology in their own time to learn and create, for their own purposes or for school assignments (作业).If they know where to look, they can access online communities that foster their imagination and offer informal mentorship.

Instead of wondering whether teenagers are too easily distracted by computers, we should be figuring out how we can use digital media to sustain teenagers' interest and their desire to learn.

1. According to Jennifer Salls, in most current online classes,        .

A．students hardly learn anything

B．students are made to learn all on their own

C．students are led to improve their self-study abilities

D．students focus more on theories than on problem-solving skills

2. Which of the following statements best summarizes Salls' opinions?

A．Online courses should try to make the most of interactive resources.

B．Schools today pay more attention to students, conceptual knowledge.

C．Students cannot learn mathematics effectively through online courses.

D．Thanks to online classes, teachers' work load can be greatly decreased.

3. Brigid Barron mentioned all of the following potentials of online classes EXCEPT     

A．narrowing the gap between rich and poor

B．providing students with real-time feedback

C．teaching students how to exploit online resources

D．maintaining students' interest throughout the course

4. What does the underlined word “foster” in the passage probably mean?

A．help ... to recover	B．help ... to grow
C．help ... to relax	D．help ... to display

5. Both Salls and Barron believe that         .

A．good courses should combine advanced technology and online resources

B．teachers play an important role in ensuring the effectiveness of online classes

C．students should be able to learn effectively through well-designed online classes

D．online courses are more effective only when students are assigned challenging tasks