1 . Carter Evans, a 16-year-old boy, was camping in a tent with friends in a parking area near Pascagoula River in July when a car with three teenage girls inside fell off a boat ramp (匝道) and into the river, then sank. The driver had blindly _________ wrong directions from her GPS.

It was around 2:30 a.m. when Evans and his friends got to the river’s edge. In the darkness, they could _________ make out the girls clinging (抱紧) to the roof, the only part of the car still above water. But they could hear _________.

Evans took off his shirt and shoes, threw his phone down and dived into the water, a river he knew crocodiles called home. He helped the first girl he saw and, keeping her head above water, led her to the _________.

Just then, Garry Mercer, a police officer, arrived. He _________ into the river to help another of the girls. But halfway back to shore, she was too _________ and went underwater, pulling Mercer down with her. Evans jumped back in the _________ and helped them until they could stand.

There was still one girl, Cora Watson, in the water. She was _________ to stay above water.

“I just knew my last _________ was coming,” Watson said. “I thought I was slowly losing myself.” She began to go under. Then, Evans grabbed her.

Evans was taken to the hospital. The three girls are alive because Evans risked his __________ to save them.

4 . Arthur Lih of Massapequa sold his first LifeVac, a device to help save people’s life, to a fire department about 18 months ago, when the Jericho Fire Department purchased 21 of the devices. Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lih’s invention, which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) don’t work. He has sold about 5,000 LifeVac devices in the United States and abroad since the device went on the market in August 2014.

The Freeport Fire Department is one of Lih’s clients. It bought about 25 LifeVac devices to put on trucks, as well as in chiefs’ vehicles, said Ray Maguire, the department’s executive director. “It’s an extra tool in the toolbox,” Maguire said. “I’d be surprised if anyone who sees it doesn’t purchase it. It’s that tool you may only need once, but it’s the tool you really want in case you need it. It’s affordable. I have it in my car. I have one at home, too.”

Dr. Lee Smith at Northwell Health said that if a choking victim can’t breathe, he or she becomes a candidate for the Heimlich. If the Heimlich doesn’t work, the victim would probably lose consciousness because of a lack of oxygen.

A challenge for any new medical device is convincing potential users that it works and is safe. In tests, the LifeVac successfully removed an obstruction (阻塞物) from the throat of a dead human body on the first try 49 out of 50 times, according to an August research article in the American Journal of Emergency Medicine.

Lih invented the product in his garage, inspired after he went with a friend to a hospital while the friend’s mother was going through tests. The friend said the last time he was there, a 7-year-old child had choked to death on a grape.

A chemical burn occurs when your skin or eyes come into contact with an     1    or other chemicals. Such    2     can be very dangerous and require     3    attention. Chemical burns can even affect your internal     4    if the chemicals are swallowed. First aid should be given to chemical burns immediately. For example, wrap the burnt area     5    with a clean cloth if possible. It is important to send the     6     to the hospital right away if he or she is severely burnt.

7 . There have been several incidents at some events in recent years where people died because of unsafe crowd conditions and stampedes. The latest such one unfolded in Seoul, South Korea, where a Halloween gathering in a club district turned deadly, with at least 155 deaths being reported.     1     Indeed, it’s a frightening situation to be in and circumstances may make it impossible to escape. But there are several strategies that could help you avoid a potentially deadly outcome.

The key to staying safe in a crowd begins as soon as you arrive at the location.     2     It’s a piece of common-sense advice that you should apply not just at big events, but even when entering almost any room.

If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, you may fight back and push the opposite way.     3     If you go against the flow, you increase your chances of getting tripped and knocked down.

As you move forward with the crowd, it’s best to move in a diagonal (对角线的) direction. The goal is to get to the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.

Another potential way to handle the situation is to protect yourself and allow the crowd to move past you. Look for a solid structure to stand behind such as a pillar (柱子) or a wall.     5    

In many stampede events, people die from asphyxiation (窒息). But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer — like stance (站立姿势).That could give you some very valuable breathing room — literally.

9 . About 600,000 people die of heart attacks at home each year. And the survival rate (存活率) of out-of-hospital heart attacks is much lower than those that happen at the in-hospital setting.

Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school students a life-saving skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.

High school students in the Boston area who joined in the Pumpstart program completed pre-/post surveys. The pre-surveys were carried out before they watched a 60-minute training session (培训课程) on hands-only CPR. And the post surveys were done after the training session. Medical students also completed surveys judging their comfort in learning CPR both before and after they took part in the program. The high school students reported huge improvements in CPR skills following their training from Pumpstart. And it was reported that the medical students had higher confidence levels regarding their abilities to answer questions about CPR and helping new medical students to better understand the training sessions after they joined in Pumpstart.

“Getting the general public to feel comfortable performing CPR is important to overall improved survival from heart attacks,” explained Anita Knopov, a fourth-year medical student at BUSM. “Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical students to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the healthcare field (医疗领域). That’s what Pumpstart does.”

Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and can have a long-term (长期的) public health influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival. “Although Pumpstart is offered only in Boston, we hope that our work may stimulate the development of similar programs in other areas. And in that case we can use lots of new ‘Pumpstarts’ in other regions.”

10 . It was a bright May afternoon along the coast. Bauer and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava, were taking _______ of it. They were driving with the windows down as they headed home on a narrow bridge. Suddenly, the calm was _______ by the squeal (摩擦声) of tires.

Not far ahead of them, a truck was _______ from one lane (车道) to the other. It crashed into a concrete barrier, and _______ hanging over the railing (栏杆) of the bridge. Bauer stopped the car _______ to avoid it.

The truck driver’s door opened. A man climbed out and _______ to the ground. Bauer ran up beside him. He pointed down, saying something in Spanish. In the water was a car seat, a girl, about two years old, _______, floating on her back and screaming.

Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the girl _______ onto her stomach. Bauer waited for the driver to do something, but he didn’t. Maybe he was _______.

Bauer jumped into the water without __________. He swam to the girl and lifted her out of the water. Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and knocked on her __________ with his hand. Come on ⋯ come on ⋯ Wake up! __________, her eyes were opened now, focused on him. He pulled her close, hugging her to protect her from the __________. Minutes later, the girl was sent to __________. The girl suffered a broken shoulder but was otherwise uninjured.

Ava Bauer was __________ by her father’ actions that four months later she became a cadet (实习生) firefighter so that she, too, could save lives.