1 . Scandinavian architecture is a relatively new construct that drew public attention within the last century. It tends to include works associated with Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, and Iceland, and it is undoubtedly one of the more influential styles in modern times.
The Scandinavian design style is both simple and comfortable, modern and historic. Homebuildere influenced by this style are experts at mixing traditional vernacular (民间风俗的) styles with modern technology to create a space that is beautiful and aims to make your life better.
Before the early 20th century, much of Scandinavian architecture was vernacular in nature. Homes were built in a simple way using locally sourced materials and knowledge. However, it can be argued that this lack of formal architectural schooling promoted more craftsmanship and creativity as time went on. These vernacular builders were more concerned with function than form. An early example of this is the turf houses in Iceland, which were homes with green roofs that could keep the house in comfortable temperature throughout seasons in an affordable way.
The modern-day version of Scandinavian architecture grew out of this grassroots approach to building. Public buildings originally mixed Neoclassical elements with traditional building styles based on local practices. In the 1930s, the concept of Functionalism was introduced in Scandinavia. With its inspiration, architects wanted the buildings to be simple, but they also wanted them to be beneficial to people in some thoughtful way. For instance, the Paimio Sanatorium that was built in 1933 focused on maximizing quality air and light for tuberculosis (结核病)patients. So while modern architecture is all about simple, clean lines, Scandinavian architecture is that and also a style of building that thinks about tow public spaces and homes can be valuable to humankind.
1. What is a feature of Scandinavian architecture before the early 20th century?A.Practical functions. | B.Professional design. |
C.Creative appearance. | D.Recyclable materials. |
A.Modern technology is the biggest advantage of it. |
B.Architects of this style focus on both simplicity and comfort. |
C.The concept of Functionalism was rejected by Scandinavian architects. |
D.Its appearance is different from that of other styles of modern architecture. |
A.To attract tourists to visit Scandinavia. |
B.To show respect to Scandinavian architects. |
C.To introduce an architecture style from Europe. |
D.To encourage more people to major in architecture. |
2 . Spring is just around the corner and there’s nothing like seeing the first robin of the season, which is a sign that warmer days are ahead. Now a new study conducted in Germany has found that the more often we see and hear birds chirping and singing, the happier we are. A team at the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research discovered that being surrounded by a wide variety of birds can offer increasing life satisfaction equal to $150 per week of added income.
The German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research took data from the 2012 European quality of Life Survey to measure how species diversity in birds affected 26,000 people in 26 European countries.
“According to our findings, the happiest Europeans are those who can experience numerous different bird species in their daily life, or who live in near-natural surroundings that arc home to many species,” explains the study’s lead author, Joel Methorst a professor at Goethe University in Frankfurt. “We also examined the socio-economic data of the people that were surveyed, and, much to our surprise, we found that birds diversity is as important for their life satisfaction as is their income,” he added.
Another study from the California Polytechnic University found that placing speakers with a variety of bird sounds on hiking trails improved the outdoor experience. The study was conducted in Colorado but the findings may improve hikers’ happiness everywhere. There was no difference in hikers' happiness whether the bird sounds were artificial, pre-recorded, or natural.
During a year of loss, stress, and uncertainty, the comforting sounds of nature have been crucial. A recent report from the Audubon Society found that sales of bird feeders, bird food, and birding apps have all increased during the pandemic, and participation in the Cornell Lab of Ornithology’s annual Global Big Day 2020 broke records.
1. What can we learn from the study conducted in Germany?A.The research team interviewed 26,000 people to collect data. |
B.The number of bird species impacts people’s life satisfaction. |
C.Natural bird sounds have better effects on increasing happiness. |
D.The researchers recommended living in near-natural surroundings. |
A.Sounds of Birds Cheer Hikers up on Hiking Trails |
B.Birds Diversity is Catching the Eye of Researchers |
C.Sales of Bird Supplies Increase during the Pandemic |
D.Being Surrounded by Various Birds Can Make You Happier |
A.In a biology textbook. |
B.In a government report. |
C.In a science magazine. |
D.In a travel brochure. |
3 . Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region’s ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization shared similarities with the Maya.
The Sanxingdui ruins, located in the city of Guanghan, about 60 kilometers from Chengdu, belonged to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2,000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city states around 200 AD.
The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolied the union of heaven, earth and the underworld In the Mayan civilization. “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist, stressing that “the representations of tees in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar”.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains, which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to manage.
Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Maya world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
“Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental,” says Santos.
1. What is a similarity between the Shu Kingdom and Maya civilization?A.Their starting time. | B.Their historical origins. |
C.Their cultural symbols. | D.Their ceremony traditions. |
A.Damp weather. | B.Positioning of ruins. |
C.High latitude. | D.Language barriers. |
A.The future of the China-Mexico cooperation. |
B.The benefits of speaking a different language. |
C.The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge. |
D.The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico. |
A.Ahistorical novel. | B.A newspaper. | C.A research review. | D.A guidebook. |
4 . Museums are centers filled with information designed to enlighten and educate the curious mind. Especially for children, museums introduce them to unknown worlds, inspire their imagination and provide them with valuable learning experiences. It's generally believed that museums only help fuel academic education.
Museums offer children bigger connections and references to history than a traditional class. They play a huge role in impacting their historical knowledge and the innovation taking place before their eyes.
Museums are well enough equipped to awaken curiosity in young minds, which in turn will lead to these children asking questions.
Museums have the ability to leave its visitors in awe of the huge amount of information it holds. They provide inspiration to young children via its resources that leave them fascinated about the night sky and the solar system, the skeletons that keep them thinking about life before them, the artworks that arouse the creative mind, etc.
A.Parents themselves don't have to be history lovers. |
B.Some of these questions may have immediate answers. |
C.All in all, museums encourage children to dream and wonder. |
D.But in fact, they provide knowledge regarding all walks of life. |
E.Museums are a collection of resources that promote informal education. |
F.Museums are packed with exhibits that aid developing critical thinking skills. |
G.To connect with the innovations, it is important that they understand where it all began. |
5 . Nowadays mail delivery is a little different. I still get my mail from my mailbox. Nothing, but my neighbors’ mail. I thought that was curious.
I proceeded to take my neighbors’ mail to them. I was about to put the mail in their mailbox when a tall man came running out shouting about messing with his friend's mail. He snatched (夺过) the mail from my hand, opened the mailbox and pointed to the mail inside.“You were after this.
I shook my head, “No, believe me. I got this mail by mistake in my box today. I was just bringing it to them.” He gave me a funny look and went back into his house.
I got the knock on the door the next morning by two very polite officers. The annoyed tall man had phoned the police and told them I was a crazy old woman going around mixing up everyone's mail. Before I could finish telling them about what was going on, the officers had watched a dog approach my mailbox with mail in his mouth. He took out the mail that was in my box and put letters in. He pushed the door closed with his nose, picked up the new pile of mail he had gotten from my box, and repeated this all the way down the next street. We all started laughing.
The dog had belonged to a mail carrier who had died. No one thought to check (the carrier lived alone) on the man’s dog. The dog had been trained to put mail in and take mail out of the boxes. When he got loose, he assumed his duties.
I went by to talk to the annoyed tall man to fill him in on what had happened. He was very pleased when he realized I was not a mail thief. He did, however, adopt the little guy.
1. Why did the tall man give the author a funny look?A.To show his disbelief. | B.To express his curiosity. |
C.To contain his annoyance. | D.To hide his embarrassment. |
A.By analyzing the case. | B.By witnessing the mix-up. |
C.By questioning the author. | D.By consulting the tall man. |
A.was well-trained and devoted | B.used to live a lonely and busy life |
C.was assigned to replace the carrier | D.guarded the mail in the neighborhood |
A.A mail service | B.A dog’s tale |
C.Special delivery | D.Noble duties |
1. 强调网络安全的重要性;
2. 提出建议(如保护好个人隐私、文明上网等);
注意:
1. 词数80词左右;
2. 可适当增加情节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Price Of A Miracle
Tess was an eight-year-old girl when she heard her Mom and Dad talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very sick and they were completely out of money.
Only a very costly operation could save him now and it was looking like there was no one to lend them the money. She heard Dad say to her tearful Mom with desperation, “Only a miracle can save him now.”
Tess went to her bedroom and poured all the change she had saved out on the floor and counted it carefully: 47 cents. She slipped out of home and made her way to Rexall’s Drug Store. She waited patiently for pharmacist to give her some attention but he was too busy at this moment. Finally, she took a quarter from her pocket and banged it on the glass counter. That did it! “And what do you want?” the pharmacist asked in an annoyed tone of voice, “I’m talking to my brother from Chicago Medical University whom I haven’t seen in ages,” he said without waiting for a reply to his question.
“Well, I want to talk to you about my brother,” Tess answered back in the same annoyed tone. “He’s really, really sick and I want to buy a miracle.”
“We don’t sell miracles here, little girl. I’m sorry but I can’t help you,” the pharmacist said, softening a little. “Listen, I have the money to pay for it. If it isn’t enough, I will get the rest. Just tell me how much it costs.” Tess answered with a blind faith.
The pharmacist’s brother was a well-dressed man. He stooped down and asked the little girl, “What kind of a miracle does your brother need?” “I don’t know,” Tess replied with her eyes welling up.
“I just know he’s really sick and Mom says he needs an operation. But my Dad can’t pay for it, so I want to use my money.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已经为你写好;
4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1
“How much do you have?” asked the man from Chicago.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
The operation was completed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Internet has done much more for people than
9 . A Texas veteran(老兵) is asking community members to donate their old Christmas trees so he can turn them into stylish
After
Shortly after discovering the
After Willis made his first stick, he worked with Morris to open up a
“I do this so I don’t sit home all day feeling
Now that the holiday season is over, Willis is asking people to donate their old Christmas trees that will be
For his appeal, Willis has been flooded with
A.canes | B.clothes | C.hats | D.armor |
A.serving | B.training | C.relaxing | D.playing |
A.eventually | B.normally | C.quickly | D.completely |
A.short | B.small | C.ugly | D.hard |
A.advantages | B.guidelines | C.approaches | D.problems |
A.addicted | B.exposed | C.used | D.devoted |
A.caught sight of | B.gave way to | C.reached out to | D.took advantage of |
A.sell | B.make | C.choose | D.replace |
A.branch | B.chance | C.future | D.possibility |
A.strange | B.right | C.sorry | D.natural |
A.respect | B.kindness | C.regret | D.curiosity |
A.broken | B.recycled | C.put | D.divided |
A.builds | B.brings | C.packages | D.joins |
A.unwilling | B.ready | C.honoured | D.grateful |
A.order | B.advice | C.payment | D.support |
10 . San Francisco— After years of testing with a human backup(后补的) driver, General Motor’s Cruise is launching fully driverless cars onto public streets in San Francisco, the most complex urban environment robocars that have been tested, the company announced.
The company said on Wednesday it was deploying(部署) five self-driving vehicles in San Francisco’s Sunset District, an area that has many of the city’s typical traits: narrow and busy streets, steep inclines(坡度) and fog. Cruise said it was confident enough to launch the driverless trials after five years’ testing.
The company, which began the driverless testing in November, said it plans to expand to other neighborhoods. But the first tests will not put the driverless vehicle fully in control. Instead, the backup driver will be effectively moved to the passenger seat at early trials. Although those operations will not involve traditional driver controls, they will be able to stop the vehicle if there is an emergency.
Companies in Silicon Valley and elsewhere are working to make driverless vehicles a reality, saying that they will help decrease motor vehicle deaths, which number around 40, 000 annually, and allow cheaper ride-hailing(打车) trips by removing the need to pay a human driver.
Companies such as Cruise and competitor Zoox have set their sights on San Francisco, seeing the potential reward of conquering a complex urban environment and the country’s second-most populated major city, rather than starting small and gradually making progress.
1. For what reason is San Francisco chosen for the testing place?A.Its high technology. | B.Its developed economy. |
C.Its crowded roads. | D.Its complex surroundings. |
A.To operate some major functions. |
B.To decide the route of the driving. |
C.To stop the car in urgent situations. |
D.To keep the passenger seat occupied. |
A.Lower taxi fee. | B.Better urban environment. |
C.Less traffic jam. | D.Greater company profit. |
A.Benefits Brought by Driverless Cars. |
B.Driverless Cars Almost Close to Reality. |
C.Cruise Launching Driverless Cars in San Francisco. |
D.San Francisco: Perfect Testing Place for Driverless Cars. |