1 . Exercise is good for us. It reduces the risks of dying from all causes, including cancer and heart disease. But many people who work all week have little time for exercise. So, they might try to do something to increase their heart rates over the weekend—go for a long run, take a bike ride or hike in the mountains. But is it healthy to avoid exercise during the workweek and then try to fit it all in during the weekend?
A new study suggests that, yes, it is healthy. Australian researchers at the University of Sydney did the study. It took place over a nineyear period. During that time, the researchers looked at the selfreported exercise habits and health examinations of more than 63,000 adults in England and Scotland. Then they connected that information to death records.
The researchers found that people who exercised only one or two days a week improved their chances of living longer than people who did not exercise at all. Even those who are fat could extend their lives by exercising a couple of days per week.
Emmanuel Stamatakis is the senior author of the study. He says that he found it very encouraging that even people who exercised as little as one or two times a week appear to lower their risk of early death. In other words, their health improves even if they don’t meet the suggested weekly amount of physical activity. However, to be in the best health, Stamatakis says more exercise is better.
The WHO suggests that adults should get at least 150 minutes of moderate to intense activity per week. For the best results, the organisation suggests 75 minutes per week of intense physical activity. However, if you are busy with work and family duties, exercise as much as you can.
1. In which part of a website can we find this text?A.Science. | B.News. |
C.Sports. | D.Health. |
A.It was carried out in three places. |
B.It lasted for more than nine years. |
C.It studied both children and adults. |
D.It was led by Emmanuel Stamatakis. |
A.A little exercise is better than none. |
B.We’d better do exercise on weekdays. |
C.Fat people usually live shorter than thin people. |
D.Exercise habits have a big influence on death. |
A.Paying attention to the risk of early death. |
B.Trying to do more exercise if we have time. |
C.Getting at least 150 minutes of activity a week. |
D.Avoiding doing much intense physical activity. |
2 . For people suffering from depression, there’s an all-natural treatment they should use — getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.
For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study’s start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.
Both high-intensity (高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode (一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. “Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky,” said lead author Karmel Choi. “On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”
Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. “Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,” Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there’s something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.
1. How did the researchers reach their conclusion?A.By analyzing a mass of data. |
B.By conducting genetic research. |
C.By comparing various levels of activity. |
D.By tracking the subjects for many years. |
A.Physical activity betters medical treatment. |
B.Exercise is able to decrease and prevent it. |
C.Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same. |
D.Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment. |
A.Harmful. | B.Complex. |
C.Unusual. | D.Common. |
A.To discuss a disease. |
B.To introduce a method. |
C.To analyze a genetic risk. |
D.To explain a phenomenon. |
内容包括:1、具体事件(时间、地点、人物、形式、原因等);2、活动意义。
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4 . I’ve heard that it’s better to give than to receive. But I’m here to tell you that the
I was nine when my Dad and Mom
Believe it or not, I took care of everyone in my life, even when I was in worse shape. Once in a while,
Once, when I was a single parent, I took my son to see Santa Claus.
When he
I have received the blessings (祝福) of those whose acts of generosity and
A.effort | B.power | C.force | D.energy |
A.signed up | B.set out | C.moved out | D.made up |
A.awkward | B.confident | C.lonely | D.independent |
A.therefore | B.though | C.instead | D.otherwise |
A.requested | B.commanded | C.registered | D.exchanged |
A.return | B.scan | C.share | D.copy |
A.saving | B.spending | C.paying | D.counting |
A.changed | B.meant | C.owed | D.gave |
A.promise | B.challenge | C.insist | D.admit |
A.impressed | B.attracted | C.made | D.realized |
A.as if | B.only if | C.even if | D.if ever |
A.honour | B.determination | C.kindness | D.arrangement |
A.received | B.delivered | C.recognized | D.packed |
A.tough | B.alone | C.anxious | D.frightened |
A.accepting | B.keeping | C.leaving | D.giving |
5 . Any parent of growing teenagers knows their kids’ appetite (食欲) can be extremely large. Now, imagine having a young dinosaur checking the fridge. The out size appetites of growing dinosaurs reshaped food chains in their environment and crowded out other carnivores (食肉动物), according to a new study.
Most groups of animals have many small-sized species, somewhat fewer medium-sized species and the fewest large-sized species. However, the extinct dinosaurs—especially carnivores had plenty of species no bigger than modern-day chickens and also many extremely big species, but few medium-sized ones.
Scientists wondered whether teen dinosaurs crowded out medium-sized adults by taking advantage of the habitats and food sources those species might have taken. To test the idea, Katlin Schroeder, a Ph. D. student at the University of New Mexico (UNM), combed a global collection of data to determine the size of more than 550 dinosaur species in 43 ancient ecosystems.
“In most communities, plant-eating dinosaurs were in multifarious sizes. But carnivores were completely different,” Schroeder says. Plant-eating dinosaurs came in a range of sizes, while carnivorous dinosaurs between 100 and 1, 000 kilograms were quite rare. “The size of the carnivorous dinosaur is surprising. It’s as if you went to the savanna, a large flat area of grassy land, and saw nothing in size between a small fox and a lion,” Schroeder says. “Patterns in all the dinosaur communities studied are very similar. We saw the gap in species’ sizes for years, but never measured it.”
Schroeder and paleontologists Eelisa Smith of UNM and Kathleen Lyons of the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, modeled the role that young carnivorous dinosaurs might have played in ecosystems. “If the teen dinosaurs are really using up this space, how many of them would you expect?” Smith says. Their study showed that “the teenagers fill the gap,” she says. “If you fill them in, then you get a community that looks like what you’d expect.”
“The effect maybe stronger in meat eaters because each carnivorous dinosaur species hatched (孵化) from small eggs; then they grew very quickly. They had to change diets and hunting methods to adapt to their new sizes and compete with a range of other species along the way,” Erickson, another scientist, says.
“The study’s stress on how animals’ niches (生态位) can change as they grow offers fresh understandings,” says Mike Benton, a scientist at the University of Bristol.
1. How does the author bring up the topic of the text?A.By showing an example. | B.By making a comparison. |
C.By starting a discussion. | D.By offering an explanation. |
A.Whether they lived in large communities. |
B.Why young dinosaurs had out size appetites. |
C.Why there were fewer medium-sized species. |
D.How they adapted to the environment change. |
A.Similar. | B.Large. | C.Reasonable. | D.Various. |
A.The impact of carnivorous dinosaurs’ appetite on their sizes. |
B.The competitive living environment of carnivorous dinosaurs. |
C.The relation between food variety and dinosaurs’ survival ability. |
D.The role of eating habits in carnivorous dinosaurs’ hunting methods. |
6 . 假如你是李华,请你给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文,介绍我们伟大的首都——北京。要点如下:
1. 基本概况:人口约2, 000万,面积16, 000多平方千米,位于华北平原北部;
2. 气候:四季分明,夏季炎热多雨,冬季寒冷干燥;
3. 历史与文化:有3, 000多年的历史,政治、文化中心,著名大学很多;
4. 交通与旅游:交通便利,有很多旅游景点。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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7 . China is one of the world’s ancient civilizations and has the earliest outstanding bronze casting technology. Here we’ve created a list of 4 museums where you can gain an in-depth understanding of Chinese bronze.
Sanxingdui Museum
Address: Sanxingdui Ruin Site, 133 Xian Road, Guanghan, Deyang, Sichuan province
Hours: Comprehensive Gallery (the first exhibition hall): 8:30-18:00; Bronze Gallery (the second exhibition hall): 8:30-18:30. Last tickets sold at 17:00. Closed on the morning of Chinese New Year’s Eve
Ticket booking: 0838-5651526
General admission: Gallery ticket 80 yuan
Note: Children shorter than 1.2m (including 1.2m) can visit the gallery free of charge. The ticket must be used on the day it is sold and authorizes one visit to each gallery.
National Museum of China
Address: East side of Tian’anmen Square, Dongcheng district, Beijing
Hours: 8:30-17:00 (no entry after 16:30)
General admission: Free (passport required for entry), Closed Mondays (except for national holidays)
E-mail: webmaster@chnmuseum.cn
Shanghai Museum
Address: 201 Renmin Avenue, Huangpu district, Shanghai
Hours: 9:00-17:00 (no entry after 16:00), Closed Mondays (except for national holidays)
E-mail: webmaster@shanghai-museum.org
General admission: free (a max of 8, 000 admitted daily)
Hunan Museum
Address: 50 Dongfeng Road, Changsha, Hunan province
Hours: 9:00-17:00 (no entry after 16:00), Closed Mondays (except for national holidays) and the eve of Chinese New Year
Tel: (+86-731) 8415833, 84475933
E-mail: web@hnmuseum.com
General admission: Free (passport required for entry)
1. Which museum should you choose for your family to visit next Monday?A.Sanxingdui Museum | B.Hunan Museum |
C.Shanghai Museum | D.National Museum of China |
A.They are all free of charge. | B.They all set a deadline for entry. |
C.They all lie in the south of China. | D.They can all be available through E-mail. |
A.Science | B.Today’s News | C.Entertainment | D.History and Culture |
On February 16, 1861, a big earthquake struck Sumatra, an Indonesian island. The earthquake shook the
Recently, though, a team of scientists discovered that another earthquake occurred before this deadly event. According to the record, that earthquake
To figure out what is going on under the ground, scientists need to study earthquakes. Every earthquake, either small
But silent earthquakes like the one in Sumatra change the game for scientists. These silent earthquakes happen all over
9 . You know that classics like Little Women and To Kill a Mockingbird started as novels. But you probably didn’t know that these other famous movies also came from books.
Hidden Figures
This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United States into space in the 1960s. It was actually based on a 2016 non-fiction book and the movie did boost sales of the book.
Forrest Gump
The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom won six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks. Although the movie’s critical and box-office success gave the book a huge boost, it’s the film that made its mark on pop culture history.
The Girl on the Train
Paula Hawkin’s psychological thriller, about a woman on a train who thinks she sees something strange out of the window, was a huge success. But unlike the fast—paced, can’t-be-put-down quality of the novel, the movie was boring.
Field of Dreams
It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie: Ray Kinsella hears a voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield, and what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams, childhood heroes, and healing the pain of the past. The 1989 movie is based on W. P. Kinsella’s 1982 original, Shoeless Joe, but cuts out some extra characters.
1. Which is the best choice for a person who loves math?A.Hidden Figures. | B.Forrest Gump. |
C.The Girl on the Train. | D.Field of Dreams. |
A.Tom Hanks. | B.Winston Groom. |
C.Paula Hawkin. | D.W. P. Kinsella. |
A.It is a romantic comedy. | B.It presents several themes. |
C.It shows all the figures in Shoeless Joe. | D.It was released in 1982 for the first time. |
10 . Last Thursday, Michael and Linda were distributing (分发) meals to 4,000 homeless people for their wedding reception (婚宴) in the border town of Kills. The
The idea came from Michael’s father, Ted, who
Then he told his son, who was surprised by the
On Tuesday evening, the
A.friends | B.people | C.couple | D.students |
A.refused | B.applied | C.pretended | D.preferred |
A.calls | B.searches | C.volunteers | D.works |
A.real | B.daily | C.big | D.personal |
A.controlling | B.cleaning | C.changing | D.following |
A.order | B.solution | C.command | D.suggestion |
A.considered | B.accepted | C.doubted | D.felled |
A.in need | B.in common | C.in depression | D.in danger |
A.money | B.experience | C.food | D.happiness |
A.amazed | B.disappointed | C.interested | D.annoyed |
A.accommodation | B.hotel | C.company | D.soup kitchen |
A.actually | B.officially | C.newly | D.nearly |
A.hold | B.quit | C.organize | D.remember |
A.kindness | B.happiness | C.rudeness | D.selfishness |
A.Thankfully | B.Surprisingly | C.Finally | D.Hopefully |