A music concert “Echoes of Ancient Tang Poems” jointly performed by iSING! Suzhou and the Philadelphia Orchestra was staged at Kimmel Performing Arts Center in Philadelphia on Jan. 6.
Another concert featuring Tang poetry was
The iSING! Suzhou International Young Artists Festival
The performances were also held to commemorate(纪念) the
2 . We may weep for the dodo, but could and should we bring this lovely bird back from the dead? De-extinction is the science of restoring lost species and it has been in the news for decades.
The story in modern times began in 1990 when Michael Crichton published his science fiction novel Jurassic Park, in which he imagined a world where scientists were able to bring dinosaurs back to life. Crichton imagined that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology could be a way to amplify (放大) tiny quantities of dinosaur DNA and thus build a living embryo.
Sadly, biologists soon realized that DNA in fact breaks down super-fast; even after 100 years, DNA from museum skins of dodos was decayed (腐烂) beyond repair. They could be sequenced (测定序列) using massive computational power, but then only with considerable uncertainty. And even if you capture a DNA sequence, there’s still the problem of how you get living cells to read that sequence and express proteins that make the dinosaur or the dodo.
But why would anyone want to see mammoths, or something like them, roaming (漫游) present-day Siberia? Well, they were undoubtedly amazing beasts. As well as hunting them, our distant ancestors painted their likenesses in caves across Europe. Fascinating as they may be, there's some ecological justification for the project too.
It was this diversity of land surface, broken up by heavy limbs and randomly fertilised by faeces (排泄物), that supported so much flora (植物群). Without the mammoths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes would once again be with a variety of species, including flowers and bushes.
True, it’s not de-extinction in the sense of bringing a long-dead species back to life. Instead it’s more like making a “dodo” by engineering a modern pigeon, its closest relative, to become huge and flightless. The result would be a big, fatty pigeon that, whether it looked like a dodo or not, would probably fulfil some of its ecological roles.
As a palaeontologist, I would of course love to see living dinosaurs, mammoths and dodos. In some ways, though, I am relieved that the optimistic claims for cloning and genetic technologies have not been borne out. The slowdown gives us time to consider the outcomes—and hopefully avoid some of Michael Crichton’s more fevered imaginings.
1. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?A.A science fiction review. | B.The development of DNA. |
C.An inspired guess of de-extinction. | D.The application of PCR technology. |
A.DNA is hard to keep for long. | B.Computational power is limited. |
C.Biologists are opposed to it. | D.Living cells cant be sequenced. |
A.They expect to seek hunt fun. | B.They lack sources of modern art. |
C.They need them for research. | D.They want to see biodiversity. |
A.Cautious. | B.Unclear. | C.Dismissive. | D.Approving. |
3 . A moment occurs in the exchange between professor and student when each of us adopts a look. My look says, “What, you don’t understand?” Theirs says, “We don’t. And we think you’re making it up.” We are having a problem. Basically, we’ve all read the same story, but we haven’t used the same analytical approaches. It may seem at times as if the professor is inventing interpretations out of thin air.
Actually, the truth is that as the slightly more experienced reader, the professor has acquired over the years the use of a certain “language reading”. Besides, he has grasped three professional tools-memory, symbol and pattern. These items separate the professional readers from the ordinary ones.
English professors are cursed with memory. When reading a new book, I constantly seek out connections and inferences, recalling faces and themes from past readings. I can’t not do it, although there are plenty of times when that ability is not something I want to exercise. This does not necessarily improve the experience of popular entertainment.
Professors also read and think symbolically. Everything is a symbol of something, it seems, until proven otherwise. We ask: What does the thing over there represent? The kind of mind that works its way through undergraduate and then graduate classes in literature and criticism tends to see things as existing in themselves while also representing something else. This tendency to understand the world in symbolic terms is enhanced by years of training and rewards the symbolic imagination.
A related phenomenon in professorial reading is pattern recognition. Most professional students of literature learn to take in the specific detail while seeing the patterns that the detail reveals. Experience has proved to them that life and books fall into similar patterns. Literature is full of patterns, and your reading experience will be much more rewarding when you can step back from the work, even while you are reading it, and look for those patterns.
1. How does the author introduce the topic?A.By describing a real-life scene. | B.By using popular quotes. |
C.By presenting conflicting ideas. | D.By raising an interesting question. |
A.They have limited life experience. |
B.They lack chances for sufficient reading. |
C.They are unable to analyze the text thoroughly. |
D.They do not trust the professor’s teaching abilities. |
A.They have a strong desire to not have their good memory. |
B.Their reading habit doesn’t always guarantee desirable effects. |
C.Their memory adds to their reading pleasure of popular works. |
D.They keep making connections with their own life while reading. |
A.Identify the hidden text modes. | B.Perceive many things at the same time. |
C.Look for details and language patterns. | D.Memorize patterns of symbolic meanings. |
4 . Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you?” Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet?
Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies(礼节). But many social norms(规范) just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post’s Etiquette,asked, “At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?”
This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners,
In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about:the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy: Consider your audience. Some people,especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message.
A. Then there is voice mail.
B. Others, like me, want no reply.
C. But people still ask these things.
D. Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?
E. Won't new technology bring about changes in our daily life?
F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.
G. When the telephone was invented, people didn't know how to greet a caller.
5 . How do people cope with (应付) climate change? According to a new study led by University of Arizona researcher Sabrina Helm, there are two climate change coping groups: adaptive approach coping and maladaptive avoidance coping.
About 70 percent of survey respondents belonged to the first group - the adaptive approach coping. They tended to have higher levels of environmental concern and were more likely to engage in environmental protection activities. The remaining 30 percent were in the maladaptive avoidance coping group. They were less likely than those in the first group to feel guilt or personal responsibility for climate change. They were less likely to take action on climate change or believe that their actions would make a difference.
The researchers wondered whether people in the adaptive approach group - who tend to feel more climate-related stress - would have worse mental health overall, since previous studies have linked environmental stress to negative mental health outcomes.
Surprisingly, Helm said, they found no differences between the two groups regarding overall health, anxiety or depressive symptoms.
There also were not significant differences in the demographic (人口统计的) makeup of the two groups when it came to factors such as race, income, education level or employment status. The fact that the demographics of the two groups were so similar suggests that targeting climate-change-related messaging based on demographic information alone might not be the most effective strategy, Helm said. While it might be tougher to do, determining a person’s climate change coping group could be more useful for those attempting to communicate environmental issues and what people can do to make a difference.
“If you think in terms of messaging about climate change, very often you look at social demographic targeting, and that’s not very useful because those two groups should probably be receiving different kinds of messaging,” Helm said. “Those who are already taking action on climate change need encouragement to continue that behavior, while those who are in the maladaptive avoidance coping group need to be encouraged to start doing something.”
1. How is the adaptive approach coping group different from the other group?A.In their attitude toward climate change. |
B.In their experience with climate change. |
C.In their strategy for dealing with climate change. |
D.In their achievements in dealing with climate change. |
A.They felt no climate-related anxiety. |
B.They looked at climate change differently. |
C.They didn’t differ in mental and general health. |
D.Neither showed concern for climate change. |
A.It is useless for fighting climate change. |
B.It only explains the demographic makeup. |
C.It fails to deal with climate anxiety. |
D.It is not obvious enough to separate the two groups. |
A.All the messaging should be positive. |
B.All the messaging should be reasonable. |
C.There should be different kinds of messaging for everyone. |
D.Climate change messaging should be tailored for different people. |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Learning to ride a bike is so a memorable thing that I not only master it but also understand the love of my father’s. When I was a kid, I envied the friends who could ride a adult bike. Considering the distance of her home to school after I attended junior school, my father decided to teach me ride bikes during the summer vacation. At first, my father told me the key point to ride a bike, and hold me to make the bike firmly and then I rode it. Though I was afraid, I felt safely with my father around me. A few hours later, I could ride it under my father’s help. I was so happy, but my father was covering with sweat. I never fell off the bike under his protection. Watching my sweating father, I was too moved to tears.
7 . Human societies developed food preferences based on what was available and what the group decided it liked most. Those preferences were then passed along as part of the set of socially learned behaviors, values, knowledge and customs that make up culture. Besides humans, many other social animals are believed to exhibit forms of culture in various ways, too.
In fact, according to a new study led by Harvard scientist Liran Samuni, bonobos (倭黑猩猩), one of our closest living relatives, could be the latest addition to the list.
The researchers studied the hunting and feeding habits of two neighboring groups of bonobos at the Kokolopori Bonobo Reserve in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Analyzing the data, they saw many similarities in the lives of the two bonobo groups, given the names the Ekalakala and the Kokoalongo. They also both have the access and opportunity to hunt the same kind of prey (猎物). This, however, is precisely where researchers noticed a striking difference.
The groups consistently preferred to hunt and feast on two different types of prey. The Ekalakala group went after an anomalure that is capable of moving through the air from tree to tree. The Kokoalongo group, on the other hand, favored a duiker that lives on the forest floor.
“It’s basically like two human cultures exploiting a common resource in different ways,” says Samuni. “Think about two cultures living close to each other but having different preferences: One prefers chicken while the other is more of a beef-eating culture.”
Using statistical modeling, the scientists found this behavior happens independent of factors like the location of the hunts, their timing or the season. In fact, the researchers’ model found that the only variable that could reliably predict prey preference was whether the hunters were team Ekalakala or team Kokoalongo.
The researchers haven’t yet investigated how the bonobo groups learned this hunting preference, but through their analysis they were able to rule out ecological factors or genetic differences.
Basically, it means all evidence points toward this being a learned social behavior. “If our closest living relatives have some cultural traits (特征), then it’s likely our ancestors already had some capacity for culture,” Samuni says.
1. What do paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly talk about?A.The findings of the study. | B.The process of the study. |
C.The background of the study. | D.The challenges of doing the study. |
A.They are an unusual phenomenon. | B.They are a learned social behavior. |
C.They contradict human cultures. | D.They show bonobos’ high intelligence. |
A.The timing of hunting. | B.Their hunting techniques. |
C.The communities they belong to. | D.Their surrounding environment. |
A.When human society was born. | B.How human society developed. |
C.What helped human culture evolve. | D.How human culture first appeared. |
8 . Many studies have shown the learning-by-teaching effect. Students who spend time teaching what they’ve learned show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying. But why does teaching help?
Researchers did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher’s learning because it forces the teacher to find back what they’ve learned. They asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them. They told the students they could take notes while studying, but would teach the material afterwards without notes. After studying the text, the students were divided into four groups. In one group the students spent five minutes giving a lesson on the study material without notes. The other groups either spent the same time completing arithmetic (算术) problems, teaching with a script (讲稿) or writing down all they could remember from the text—a form of recalling practice. A week later, all the students took a surprise test of their knowledge and understanding of the text.
The important finding is that the teaching-without-notes group and the recalling-practice group performed better than the group that completed arithmetic problems and the group that taught with a script.
The researchers said the result shows that the benefits of the learning-by-teaching method are caused by recalling practice; that is, the learning-by-teaching method works only when the teaching includes recalling the taught materials.
The new findings have a practical suggestion for how the learning-by-teaching method is used in education. In order to make sure that students learn and remember an educational material, they should internalize (内化) the material before presenting it to others, rather than depend on notes during the presentation process.
1. Why does the author give a question in Paragraph 1?A.To look for readers’ answer. | B.To introduce the topic. |
C.To keep a sense of mystery. | D.To show off his knowledge. |
A.Why the study started. | B.How the study was done. |
C.How many people joined in the study. | D.What conclusion the researchers made. |
A.Previewing-by-teaching. | B.Note-taking. |
C.Learning-by-teaching. | D.Mind-mapping. |
A.A history textbook. | B.A newspaper. |
C.A guideline. | D.A detective novel. |
Standing in the National Speed Skating Oval, China’s former speed skating world champion Wang Beixing had mixed emotions. She was jealous of those young athletes who had the chance
Following the
“The testing program in the ‘Ice Ribbon’ had three
I sat at my desk and stared at the screen. I waited patiently for ideas to come to me as I tried to think up exam questions for a test I would give my English students. My wife was off to a party somewhere, but I was not alone. Meghan, our 22-month-old angel, kept my company. Yet her plans seemed to go against mine.
She followed a daily routine that was both time-consuming and challenging. It included certain basic tasks: watching the fish, sweeping the floor in her room, climbing up and down on her bed.
At first I was able to concentrate on designing my test paper. But I was soon distracted. I had not expected the arrival of the “bib-bibs”—“bib-bibs” were birds. “Bib-bibs!” Meghan screamed excitedly, her eyes alive with expectation. She insisted that I come with her to the window.
“In a minute. Just let me finish this question.” I said. She pulled me by the hand (two fingers, actually) toward the window. I saw myself as a fool, being led to watch the “bib-bibs”. They sang and leaped back and forth on the lawn just outside our apartment window. Meghan was absorbed, but as I watched them, I still thought about my work. With her attention off me, I left the window and went back to my desk.
Five minutes later, she returned. She reached up to my keyboard and pressed a bunch of keys, adding a long line of scrabbled (乱的) letters to my question. I struggled to bring my annoyance under control. “No, thank you, Meghan. Daddy’s seen your work. I’ll do it myself.” She backed off.
注意:1.词数150字左右;
2.按照格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
A few minutes later, she stood in front of me with her shoes and socks in her hand.
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Paragraph 2:
I finally decided to take Meghan to the park.
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