1 . Walking while texting could lead to fines of up to $50 or 15 days’ imprisonment as state lawmaker warns of the dangers of “distracted walking”. Jared Schumacher is one of hundreds of thousands of New Jerseyans who _________ use electronic devices to text, listen to music or do other tasks as they walk outdoors.

If a “distracted walking” measure recently proposed by a state assemblywoman (女议员) becomes law, Jared and others like him could face _________ or even jail time.

“I admit that I’m usually listening to music, talking on my phone or texting while I’m walking around,” Schumacher, 20, said while _________ to a text as he walked along a street in the state capital last weekend.

Experts say distracted walking is a growing _________, as people of all ages become more _________ on electronic devices for personal and professional matters. They also note pedestrian deaths have been _________ in recent years. In 2005, 11% of all US fatalities involved pedestrians, but that number rose to 15% in 2014.

The rise in deaths coincides (相符合) with states _________ bills that target pedestrians and bicyclists. For instance, a bill in Hawaii would fine someone $250 if he or she were to cross the street while _________ an electronic device. Similar bills have failed in states including Arkansas, Illinois, Nevada and New York.

“Thus far, no states have enacted a law _________targeting distracted bicyclists or pedestrians,” said Douglas Shinkle, transportation program director for the National Conference of State Legislatures. But he added that “a few states __________ to introduce legislation every year.”

The measure recently put forward by New Jersey assemblywoman Pamela Lampitt would __________ walking while texting and ban pedestrians on public roads from using electronic communication devices unless they are __________.

Lawbreakers would face fines of up to $50, 15 days imprisonment or both, which is the same punishment as jaywalking. Half of the fine would be distributed to safety education about the __________of walking and texting, said Lampitt, a Democrat.

Some see the proposal as a(n) __________ government overreach, while others say they understand Lampitt’s reasoning. But most agree that people need to be made __________of the issue.

1.

A．naughtily

B．fashionably

C．routinely

D．rarely

2.

A．oppositions

B．obstacles

C．fines

D．struggles

3.

A．turning

B．committing

C．shifting

D．responding

4.

A．problem

B．tragedy

C．passion

D．key

5.

A．optimistic

B．dependent

C．troublesome

D．active

6.

A．enhancing

B．arousing

C．rising

D．declining

7.

A．paying

B．denying

C．voting

D．introducing

8.

A．operating

B．texting

C．adopting

D．installing

9.

A．understandably

B．specifically

C．traditionally

D．fiercely

10.

A．continue

B．hate

C．refuse

D．return

11.

A．promote

B．ban

C．dismiss

D．reject

12.

A．hands-full

B．hands-flexible

C．hands-wide

D．hands-free

13.

A．shortcomings

B．desires

C．dangers

D．opportunities

14.

A．unnecessary

B．proper

C．advanced

D．shameful

15.

A．aware

B．wise

C．noticeable

D．knowledgeable

2 . Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. sign     B. expands     C. sustainability     D. investigate     E. flexible     F. admitted       G. costly     H. passed       I. extends     J. submit     K. revelations

The Japan that can’t keep up

The spotlight has cost losses of Kobe Steel, Japan’s largest steelmaker, whose customers include Ford Motor and Boeing. Its market of $ 2.7 billion is about $ 1.7 billion less than before it admitted to the fake data. As the criticism over Kobe’s behavior     1    , Japan’s reputation for excellence may be the biggest loser.

Japanese manufactures were once held in awe (敬畏) for their mastery of     2     manufacturing and continuous improvement, which revolutionized business practices the world over. But an increasing number of companies in China, South Korea, and elsewhere are now capable of competing with — and often beating — Japan’s long-established enterprises, forcing them to scramble (争抢).

The latest     3     of just how desperate many Japanese companies have become to stay ahead of foreign rivals: Kobe Steel Ltd.     4     this month that for years it had faked data on the quality of its aluminum, copper, and steel products. Now Kobe Chief Executive Officer Hiroya Kawasaki is leading an internal committee to     5     quality issues. And the U.S. Department of Justice has requested Kobe Steel     6     documents related to the data, the company said, adding that it will cooperate.

Unfortunately for Japan Inc.’s reputation as a trusted supplier, such     7     have repeatedly commanded headlines. Japan obviously doesn’t have a monopoly on corporate shenanigans (诡计), but fraud is particularly     8     for the nation because its flagship manufactures have banked for years on a reputation for quality. “Japanese manufactures are very aware that their brand, their reputation, the     9     of their business rest on quality,” an expert says.

Two major factors seem to be pushing the nation’s manufactures to cross the line. First, Japanese companies face enormous pressure from upstart Chinese rivals. Secondly, a whistle blower protection law     10     in Japan in 2006 has increased the chance of wrongdoing coming to light — and the digitization of records and internal conversations has made it easier for incriminating data to be passed along to regulations or authorities.

3 . Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously     1     (injure) each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same     2     falling from a third floor window. According to a government information booklet,     3     (wear) a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.

Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles     4     wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to 50 pounds. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt.     5     it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front     6     they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.

However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection     7     (use) a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate     8     excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide     9     (not wear) your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and may     10     (fine) if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.

4 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. inaccessible     B.   fought               C. addressing       D. personally       E. sharp       F. hitting G. ground            H.   features             I. aimed       J. champion        K. officially

Hillary Rodham Clinton, the former first lady and secretary of state officially entered the 2016 presidential race with a video announcement to supporters on Sunday, saying she wants to be the     1     of “everyday Americans.”

“Americans have     2     their way back from tough economic times, but the deck is still stacked in favor of those at the top,” Clinton told supporters at the end of a more than two-minute-long video posted on her official campaign website, hillaryclinton.com.

The video represented a     3     shift from her announcement video in 2008, which featured Clinton     4     voters while sitting on a couch in her Washington, D.C., home. In contrast, Clinton is only seen and heard in roughly the last minute of Sunday’s video, which     5     statements and footage(镜头) from families, young workers and gay couples.

While she told voters in 2008 that she was “ in to win,” Clinton told voters on Sunday that she is “     6     the road to earn your vote, because it’s your time.” “I hope you’ll join me on this journey,” Clinton added.

It’s an intentionally low-key kickoff plotted(策划) by a campaign seeking to avoid the mistakes of Clinton’s failed 2008 quest for the Democratic presidential nomination(提名). In 2007, she entered the race as the overwhelming favorite but eventually lost     7     to a candidate named Barack Obama owing to her inability to     8     connect with voters.

Eight years later, Clinton again enters the race as the overwhelming front-runner — though this time with no real challenger, so far. But instead of launching the same campaign     9     at scaring away potential opponents, Clinton’s strategists are said to be plotting a more humble approach to 2016 in hopes of winning over voters who complained eight years ago that she was     10     and distant.

5 . Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper from of the given verbs:

Games come to a complicated end

The flame that burned throughout one of history’s most controversial Games was extinguished Sunday as Japan brought the curtain down on the Tokyo Olympics with Closing Ceremonies that were as unusual as the event     1    .

It was a fitting, bittersweet end to a complicated Games.     2     the ban on spectators meant the Games looked and felt nothing like the electric showcase of Japan that organization     3     - (hope) for, the Olympics nonetheless provided a much-needed respite, a burst of joy and human wonder, for viewers around the world     4     (exhaust) by the pandemic. Day after day over two weeks, the magic of Olympic competion cut through the gloom and isolation of the pandemic. Hour after hour, athletes emerged after years of sacrifice, self-discipline and adversity to enter the global spotlight and light     5     the world’s hearts with their modesty, grace and joy.

Japan proved to the world that, despite all of the criticism, it     6     hold an Olympic Games in the midst of a global pandemic. Some of the rules, including forcing athletes to wear masks on the podium and put medals around their own necks, might have seemed suffocating, but the thick web of restrictions     7     (prove) effective in allowing the competition to go ahead.

There were signs of incremental progress: There were the most gender-balanced Games and the most diverse in terms of openly LGBTQ participation. Yet the emtpy venues also engendered a sense of loneliness and even a bitterness     8     the joy and achievement couldn’t wash entirely away. Likewise, the stories of resilience and indomitable spirts     9     (overcome) adversity couldn’t make up for the communal passio, the fervor and the fun that come with a hyped-up crowd. Athletes clutching medals and waving gamely at their far-off families on video screens couldn’t mask the absence of their families and friends.

“The pandemic Olympics featured some glorious performances, but the empty venues made them a strange     10     epic experience, a brief diversion from the surging delat curse,” said Jeff Kingston, a professor of political science at Temple University Japan.

8 . Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.

Be Careful on the Internet

Parents of boys at a Sydney private school have been urged to monitor their sons' use of social networking website,with a warning     1     any mistakes made in teenage years could be permanently recorded on the Internet and catch up with them later in life.

The headmaster,Timothy Wright,wrote to parents on Thursday,     2     (explain)that younger boys were too immature to fully understand the possible consequences of disclosing private information on social networking sites."We now know that those parts of the brain     3     deal with decision-making are still developing in a man in his 20s.'he said. ‘But mistakes     4     (commit)at fifteen may be still accessible to an employer ten years later.

Modern technology means that a careless word, an ill-willed comment or an inappropriate photograph, are on permanent record and freely available to     5     has access. Stupidities that     6     (forget) immediately before now last, spread and damage in ways unknown before this decade.

Dr Wright said that     7     words spoken in the playground could be more easily forgotten, those captured on the Internet or on mobile phone text messages could have far more lasting and more hurtful consequences.

He urged parents to set ground rules for use of mobile phones and the Internet and in particular to set boundaries on taking and sending images that     8     be used to bully(霸凌）others. “Parents who are paying for the Internet service have an unquestionable right    9     ( insist) they are a friend on social networking websites.I would certainly insist on this    10     at least the end of 16 if not later.'he wrote.

10 . Culture Insider: Chopsticks

Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, are a pair of small equal-length tapered sticks, usually made of wood, used for eating Asian food. It is believed that the first chopsticks were developed over 5,000 years ago in China. The earliest evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excavated from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province.

Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture.    1    They are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth.

Chopsticks are so frequently used in daily life that they have become more than a kind of tableware and have fostered a set of etiquette and customs of their own.     2    While the principles of chopstick etiquette are similar in many of these places, the finer points may differ from region to region, and there is no single standard for the use of chopsticks. Generally, chopsticks are not used to make noise or to draw attention, or to gesticulate.

    3    For example, you can buy a pair of exquisite chopsticks as a gift for your friends and relatives. In Chinese, Chopsticks' reads 'kuaizi', which means to have sons soon, so a newly-married couple will be very happy to accept chopsticks as their wedding gift. Skillful craftsmen paint beautiful scenery on chopsticks to make them like fine artwork. Many people love to collect these elegant utensils.

It has been said that using chopsticks improves one's memory, increases finger dexterity and can be useful in learning and improving skills such as Chinese character printing and brush painting. Many Asian superstitions revolve around chopsticks as well. For example, if you find an uneven pair of chopsticks at your table setting, it is believed that you will miss the next train, boat or plane you are trying to catch.     4    .

A．Without chopsticks, you can't even say you are enjoying Chinese food.

B．Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt end.

C．Also, dropping your chopsticks is a sign of bad luck.

D．Today, chopsticks serve many functions besides as table ware.

E．It is important to note chopsticks are used in many different parts of the world, in many different cultures.

F．These chopsticks are to be returned to the dishes after one has served himself or herself.