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阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 困难(0.15) |
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1 . Google previously announced successful tests of machine learning systems designed to assist doctors. In one case, Google reported AI had examined eye diseases with equal accuracy to doctors. Other tests showed that machine learning can be used to study large amounts of patient data to predict future medical events.

Now the company has published two new studies showing a high level of success in identifying metastatic breast cancer. Metastatic means that cancer has spread from its main area to other parts of the body. Metastatic breast cancer is one of the deadliest, causing about 90 percent of all breast cancer deaths worldwide.

In metastatic breast cancer patients, the cancer often travels to nearby lymph nodes(淋巴结). Usually doctors examine lymph node tissue under a microscope to see whether cancer is present. Google notes that previous studies have shown that up to one-fourth of metastatic lymph node classifications end up being changed after a second examination. In addition, studies show that small metastatic material can be missed up to 67 percent of the time when examinations happen under extreme time restrictions.

Google says it created a mathematical algorithm(算法). The algorithm, called Lymph Node Assistant, is trained to find characteristics of tissue affected by metastatic cancer. When the system examined tissue images(图像), it was able to differentiate between metastatic cancer and non-cancer 99 percent of the time. In addition, the Lymph Node Assistant is highly effective at finding the positions of the cancers. Some of these positions would be too small for doctors themselves to identify. The research also showed that the algorithm method can reduce the usual time needed to examine the disease by about 50 percent.

But Google makes clear the AI-based system is not meant to replace the work of medical professionals. Instead, it is designed to reduce the number of false identifications and help doctors work faster and more effectively.

1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A.Google became a pioneer in training doctors.
B.Machine learning is able to stop future medical events.
C.Google developed artificial intelligence to help doctors.
D.Artificial intelligence cured eye diseases with equal accuracy to doctors.
2. What can we infer about metastatic breast cancer?
A.One-fourth of the metastatic breast cancer patients die in the end.
B.Metastatic breast cancer is very difficult to identify.
C.It results in 90 percent of deaths of all cancers.
D.It can be identified after a second examination.
3. What is the advantage of Google’s new mathematical algorithm?
A.It can offer effective treatment.
B.It can tell the exact positions of cancers
C.It costs 99 percent less time than before.
D.It improves the accuracy of identifying cancers by 50%.
4. What influence will the mathematical algorithm bring?
A.False identification of cancers will be avoided.
B.More effective prevention of cancers will be found.
C.The number of medical professionals will be reduced.
D.Doctors can have a faster understanding of patients’ condition.
完形填空(约260词) | 困难(0.15) |
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2 . It wasn’t that I was embarrassed my husband was out of work. It’s just that we were ________ people and didn’t share our ________ much with others. So when he lost his job, we just acted like nothing had changed and no one seemed to ________.

It didn’t take long before my friends found out that my husband ________ a lot more. When asked about it, I told my good friend and neighbour Tammy the ________ and I said we were still looking. She then told me that her husband had also been hunting for ________ all over town because his company was closing down. I was ________. We constantly did things together, yet I hadn’t found any sign of their ________.

After knowing what they were ________, I wanted to help them even though we didn’t have much ourselves. So, I became a ________ shopper. I looked for discount offers everywhere, and when I finished my ________, I would offer to buy things for Tammy at the ________ price. It seems like our money goes even further because we are willing to ________.

It goes the other way too. Tammy and her husband have given us enough wood to ________ our house this winter. It has been a huge ________, reducing our gas bill to almost nothing. There are other ________ of helping each other. I teach Tammy how to make bread; she ________ my kids when I go to job interviews... and the ________ goes on.

I don’t have much to give, but I can give of myself. I can have ________, love and hope, and the more I give these away, the more I ________.

1.
A.strangeB.selfishC.matureD.private
2.
A.dutiesB.problemsC.opinionsD.plans
3.
A.mindB.careC.noticeD.sympathize
4.
A.went huntingB.visited neighborsC.stayed homeD.dined out
5.
A.differenceB.truthC.resultD.message
6.
A.jobsB.friendsC.promotionD.comfort
7.
A.relievedB.disappointedC.confusedD.shocked
8.
A.starvingB.hesitatingC.strugglingD.quarrelling
9.
A.going throughB.preparing forC.looking forD.looking forward to
10.
A.professionalB.personalC.modemD.secret
11.
A.houseworkB.projectC.searchD.conversation
12.
A.earlierB.lowerC.averageD.suggested
13.
A.shopB.bargainC.compromiseD.share
14.
A.decorateB.supportC.buildD.heat
15.
A.helpB.victoryC.burdenD.profit
16.
A.difficultiesB.examplesC.expensesD.traditions
17.
A.watchesB.praisesC.adoptsD.raises
18.
A.interviewB.negotiationC.listD.party
19.
A.curiosityB.ambitionC.freedomD.kindness
20.
A.hunt forB.get backC.believe inD.come across
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 困难(0.15) |
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3 . In a recent series of experiments at the University of California, researchers studied toddlers’ thinking about winners and losers, bullies (欺凌) and victims.

In the first experiment, toddlers (学步儿童) watched a scene in which two puppets (木偶) had conflicting goals: One was crossing a stage from right to left, and the other from left to right. The puppets met in the middle and stopped. Eventually one puppet bowed down and moved aside, letting the other one pass by. Then researchers asked the toddlers which puppet they liked. The result: 20 out of 23 toddlers picked the higher-status puppet — the one that did not bow or move aside. It seems that individuals can gain status for being dominant (占优势的) and toddlers like winners better than losers.

But then researchers had another question: Do toddlers like winners no matter how they win? So, researchers did another experiment very similar to the one described above. But this time, the conflict ended because one puppet knocked the other down and out of the way. Now when the toddlers were asked who they liked, the results were different: Only 4 out of 23 children liked the winner.

These data suggest that children already love a winner by the age of 21-31 months. This does not necessarily mean that the preference is inborn: 21 months is enough time to learn a lot of things. But if a preference for winners is something we learn, we appear to learn it quite early.

Even more interesting, the preference for winners is not absolute. Children in our study did not like a winner who knocked a competitor down. This suggests that already by the age of 21-31 months, children’s liking for winners is balanced with other social concerns, including perhaps a general preference for nice or helpful people over aggressive ones.

In a time when the news is full of stories of public figures who celebrate winning at all costs, these results give us much confidence. Humans understand dominance, but we also expect strong individuals to guide, protect and help others. This feels like good news.

1. One of the purposes of the experiments is to ________.
A.teach toddlers how to gain higher status
B.offer toddlers a chance to watch a scene
C.observe the process of toddlers’ solving a conflict
D.find out toddlers’ attitude toward winners and losers
2. The toddlers regarded bowing and moving aside as a sign of ________.
A.obeying rules
B.gaining status
C.giving in to the other
D.showing good manners
3. What does the second experiment tell us about toddlers?
A.They are excellent learners.
B.They are always changeable.
C.They show mercy to the loser.
D.They value kindness over winning.
4. What does the author think of the results of the series of experiments?
A.Disappointing.B.Encouraging.
C.Unexpected.D.Controversial.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约400词) | 困难(0.15) |
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4 . It is often difficult for farmers to identify diseases quickly enough to protect their crops and those on neighboring farms. Now, some farmers are using a simple device directly in the field to find viruses before they spread.

In Tanzania, several viruses are a threat to cassava crops. Farmers struggle to identify the diseases in an urgent effort to avoid severe crop damage. The disease identification process is often difficult when farmers are acting on their own. If they do not know what is attacking their crops, they cannot decide the best way to fight the disease. A device from British technology company Oxford Nanopore is changing that. The device extracts deoxyribonucleic acid, better known as DNA, from plants. DNA is the carrier of genetic information in nearly all living things. The device helps farmers identify what is harming their crops so they can change to more resistant crops.

Laura Boykin is with the University of Western Australia and also works with the Cassava Virus Action Project. She brought the device to a Tanzanian farm owned by Asha Mohamed. She said, “We are here collecting leaf punches from infected material to test, to do a DNA extraction and then start sequencing (排序) in the field.” The testing identified a number of viruses in the cassava fields near Mohamed’s farm. The process also discovered that plants considered resistant to disease had a very low viral level. Once the viruses were identified, Asha Mohamed was given two kinds of seeds that are resistant to the diseases.

In another case, DNA was collected from a pawpaw tree farm in Kenya. With that test, the technology was able to identify diseases affecting Naomi Mumo’s crops. Naomi Mumo said, “All my pawpaw were affected by a disease, and I didn’t know what kind of disease it was. But now, I have people who have identified the disease using new technology, and within a very short time. So I’m very happy.”

The speed at which farmers identify diseases can mean the difference between the success or failure on large areas of crop land. Now, the use of such simple and easily transportable DNA sequencing devices is making that possible.

1. What’s the main idea of the whole passage?
A.Farmers In Tanzania struggle to identify the diseases in their crops
B.How Laura Boykin helped Asha Mohamed to identify the viruses.
C.DNA sequencing device helps farmers to find viruses and identify the diseases in their crops quickly.
D.A DNA sequencing device helps farmers to identify the diseases and keep healthy.
2. Which of the following best explains “extracts” underlined in paragraph 2?
A.producesB.createsC.refusesD.gets
3. We can infer from the passage that Naomi Mumo is ________ with the DNA sequencing device.
A.relaxedB.satisfiedC.disappointedD.annoyed
4. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A.Farmers often have difficulty in identifying diseases in their crops quickly by themselves.
B.DNA carries genetic information in nearly all living things.
C.Both Asha Mohamed and Naomi Mumo are farmers in Tanzania.
D.If farmers can identify diseases in their crops quickly, they can protect their crops and succeed on large areas of crop land.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约410词) | 困难(0.15) |
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5 . Don't get mad the next time you catch your teenager texting when he promised to be studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A University of lowa(UI) study found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behaviors. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long-term pay off of studying.

"For the teenager, 'the rewards are attractive." says Professor Jatin   Vaidya,an author of the study. "They draw adolescent. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a behavior is   no   longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of   the reward is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults ."

For parents,that means limiting distraction (分心的事情)so teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p.m., shut off   everything except a   computer that has no access to   Facehook or Twitter, the researchers advise. "I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology," Vaidya says. But some help in netting their concentration is necessary for them   so they can develop those impulse-control skills.”

In their study,Vaidya and co-author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are impulsive(冲动的),make bad decisions,and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes(额叶)of their trains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered. whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behaviors independent of higher-level reasoning.

"We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system how it change from chillhood to adulthood," Says Vaidya, who adds the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision-making. “We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and     whether there is more to   adolescence behavior than an under-developed frontal   lobe,”he adds.For their study ,the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 and 16,and 40 adults, aged 20 and 35 to participate.

In the future,researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological(神经学上的)aspects of their results.

1. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A.The initial rush of texting is less attractive for adolescents than the long-term pay off of studying.
B.Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers.
C.Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.
D.Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.
2. Which   statement   agrees with Vaidya's idea?
A.The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.
B.Parents should help children in making decisions.
C.Children should have access to the Internet.
D.Children need help in refocusing their attention.
3. What result does teenagers' brain underdevelopment lead to?
A.Doing things after some thought.
B.Making good decisions.
C.Joining in dangerous actions.
D.Escaping risky behavior.
4. How did the researchers carry out their study?
A.By making a comparison of brain examinations.
B.By examining adults’ brain.
C.By examining teenage brain.
D.By building the train’s reward system.
6 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese(肥胖的), according to research. A mother,     1     has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only     2    (drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely     3    (have)a fat child, scientists say.

And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)    4     nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears     5    (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity     6    (reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.

The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine     7     fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child     8    (be) obese.

The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical     9    (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having     10     obese child.

2018-12-12更新 | 3564次组卷 | 18卷引用:广东省深圳市外国语学校2021届高三第一次月考英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 困难(0.15) |
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7 . We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.

As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放)more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.

So what's the solution(解决方案)? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.

1. What does the author think of new devices?
A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.
C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.
2. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?
A.To reduce the cost of minerals.
B.To test the life cycle of a product.
C.To update consumers on new technology.
D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
3. Which of the following uses the least energy?
A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.
C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.
4. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?
A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.
C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.
2018-06-09更新 | 9281次组卷 | 41卷引用:陕西省西安中学2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 困难(0.15) |
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8 . We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t

even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them."

In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also."

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.

1. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A.Addiction to smartphones.
B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C.Absence of communication between strangers.
D.Impatience with slow service.
2. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?
A.Showing good manners.B.Relating to other people.
C.Focusing on a topic.D.Making business deals.
3. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?
A.It improves family relationships.B.It raises people’s confidence.
C.It matters as much as a formal talk.D.It makes people feel good.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small Talk
C.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable Silence
2018-06-09更新 | 8200次组卷 | 45卷引用:广东省汕头市金山中学2019-2020学年高一6月月考英语试题
11-12高一下·广东河源·阶段练习
书面表达-开放性作文 | 困难(0.15) |
9 . In junior high school, one of my classmates, Ethan, was addicted to TV. This boy simply knew everything about such pop shows as Who’s the Boss?
Then one day Ethan’s mother made an offer in order to draw him back to his school subjects. She promised that she would give him $200 if he could go a full month without watching any TV. None of us thought Ethan could do it, but he did quite well. His mom paid him $200. He went out and bought a TV, the biggest he could find.
In recent years, hundreds of schools have carried out experiments with paying kids with each for showing up or getting good grades. All school kids admire this trend. But it upsets adults. Teachers say that we are rewarding kids for doing what they should be doing of their own will. Psychologists warn that money can actually make kids perform worse by making the act of learning cheap. The debate has become a typical battle over why our kids are not learning at the rate they should he despite decades of reforms and budget increases.
[写作内容] 1. 以约30词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 以约120词对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的现象进行议论,内容包括:
(1)你对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的看法;
(2)你的父母(或其他亲人)是如何鼓励你学习的;
(3)你认为怎样才能更好地鼓励孩子学习。
[写作要求]
1. 可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;
2. 标题自定。
3. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。
2016-11-26更新 | 337次组卷 | 1卷引用:2011-2012学年广东省龙川一中高一5月月考英语试卷
9-10高三·广东河源·阶段练习
阅读理解-阅读单选(约380词) | 困难(0.15) |
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文章大意:本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一个帮别人的忙却让自己惹上麻烦的事情。

10 . I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t: understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that: hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.

Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed(解散). As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up;she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized(强调) the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating(欺骗) themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously(认真地) about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.

Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued(继续) to believe that I had cheated on the test.

1. The story took place(发生) exactly ________.
A.in the teacher’s office
B.in an exam room
C.in the school
D.in the language lab
2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ________.
A.she had not brought a pen with her
B.she had lost her own on her way to school
C.there was something wrong with her own
D.her own had been taken away by someone
3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ________.
A.to go on writing his paper
B.to stop whispering
C.to leave the room immediately
D.to stay behind after the exam
4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was (were) ________.
A.honestyB.sense of duty
C.seriousnessD.all of the above
5. The boy knew everything ________.
A.the moment he was asked to stay behind
B.when the teacher started talking about honesty
C.only some time later
D.when he was walking out of the room
2016-11-26更新 | 1402次组卷 | 8卷引用:2011届广东省龙川一中高三第一次月考英语卷
共计 平均难度:一般