1 . Unlike humans who enter a state of relatively complete unconsciousness while sleeping, birds can more carefully control their sleep. Birds often sleep with one eye open, only half their brain resting at the same time. The other half of the brain is awake, able to note danger if needed.
While the exact way in which birds control their sleep patterns has not been well studied, it has been shown that the safer a bird feels when sleeping, the more likely it is to sleep deeper. If the situation is more uncertain, however, the bird will sleep more lightly.
Sleeping together is another defensive method that many birds use. By living together, some species can create a nighttime place where thousands of individuals sleep. As a result, there are more birds to notice their enemies’ attack, giving each individual bird a greater chance of survival. In winter, many birds, particularly small birds, live together to share body heat and survive lower nighttime temperatures.
When birds sleep, they bury weak body parts in their feathers. A bird’s feathers create air pockets that help it keep warm, and by placing feet or the bill into the feathers, less body heat is lost. When a bird’s bill is buried deeply in its feathers, it is also able to breathe air warmed by its own body heat.
There is little data about how long birds sleep at a time, but studies show that birds may sleep longer during longer nights. This may be because birds are not able to search for food or take part in other activities without enough light and so sleeping is the next natural item on their to-do lists. Birds are able to sleep for a short time during the day, however, and can also sleep longer whenever they are in a safe place.
1. How can birds control their sleep?| A．By opening both of the eyes. | B．By ignoring danger frequently. |
| C．By entering a dream completely. | D．By keeping half of the brain awake. |
| A．Birds’ condition. | B．Birds weight. | C．Birds’ feelings. | D．Birds’ sleep patterns. |
| A．They can attack their enemies. | B．They can protect themselves well. |
| C．They can lower body temperatures. | D．They can share body heat in summer. |
| A．Into their feathers. | B．Into their feet. |
| C．Into their mouths. | D．Into their skin pockets. |
| A．Birds can search for food in weak light. |
| B．Birds should plan their activities more carefully. |
| C．Birds can usually sleep longer at night in winter. |
| D．Birds should place sleeping first on their to-do lists. |
2 . A survey by the American Psychological Association shows that one in ten adults reads online news at least once an hour. A lot has been written about the mental health influence from news addiction, and in particular from reading negative reports. Just like junk food, “junk” news can be bad for our health.
In recent years, things have been getting increasingly more negative. A study of the content of New Zealand’s largest newspaper showed that while in 1973 the average number of stories about death on the front page was 0.75, by 2013 it was 4.1(and no, there weren’t five times more people dying).
What’s more, online news, and the stories we read on mobile phones in particular, tend to be even more negative than print. A 2019 study of 50 U.S. newspapers showed that mobile versions of newspapers report three times more stories about disasters and accidents than paper ones.
Such negative reports lead people to believe that things are worse than they really are. They can lead to stress, worry and lower spirits.
Experiments also suggest that loneliness and poor relationships have been connected with reading negative reports. After reading negative reports, people are less likely to help others. Even worse, when we check news on smart phones, we may “phub” our loved ones, which leads to lower relationship satisfaction.
Negative reports attract our attention far more than positive ones. That’s a global happening. I hope, however, that if we realize that negative news is spoiling our moods, we might all be more willing to change.
1. Why is “junk food” mentioned in the first paragraph?| A．To entertain readers. | B．To introduce the topic. |
| C．To make an advertisement. | D．To keep readers away from it. |
| A．The death rate in New Zealand is very high. | B．Print newspapers have become less popular. |
| C．Stories about death have become less popular. | D．Negative reporting has been increasing over years. |
| A．Live a hopeful life. | B．Become more careful. |
| C．Become less likely to help others. | D．Pay more attention to their physical health. |
| A．Ignore | B．Hate | C．Laugh at | D．Care about |
| A．A Survey on News Reading Habits | B．Negative Effects of Mobile Phones |
| C．Is Online News Better Than Print? | D．Is Junk News a Danger to Health? |
3 . In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their selfworth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs. In their singleminded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.
1. What does this passage mainly talk about?| A．Competition helps to set up selfrespect. |
| B．Opinions about competition are different among people. |
| C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development. |
| D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition. |
| A．those who try their best to win |
| B．those who value competition most highly |
| C．those who are against competition most strongly |
| D．those who rely on others most for success |
| A．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others'. |
| B．One's success in competition needs great efforts. |
| C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills. |
| D．One's success is based on how hard he has tried. |
| A．Every effort should be paid back. |
| B．Fear of failure should be removed in competition. |
| C．Winning should be a lifeanddeath matter. |
| D．Competition should be encouraged. |
Su Daoquan, aged 65, was a retired man in Hechuan of Chongqing. He got a lot of attention to local people earlier this month during the first public appearance of his specially invention — a water boat. The opening performance of his pedal boat given on the nearby Fujiang River in front of a crowd of more than 100 onlookers. The pedal boat is 2.6 meters long and 1.4 meters wider. It has empty metal containers on both sides. The pedals are used to turn to a pedal wheel. The driver can ride it in the center or there is room for two other adult. He said that invented it brought him a lot of joy and that our creation is not harming the environment and is suitable for tourism.
5 . There was a boy that dreamt of becoming the world’s best violinist. To achieve his life goal, he travelled to a faraway land where the famous and best violinist of all time
The apartment he was directed to was in an old, lonely place. There was no evidence of life at all. The young man was
The famous violinist was very old and
Years passed by. Now the old man asked the boy to
Only the boy knew the
| A．performed | B．lived | C．toured | D．lay |
| A．bored | B．disappointed | C．excited | D．satisfied |
| A．Still | B．Also | C．Thus | D．Then |
| A．weak | B．polite | C．kind | D．strict |
| A．leave | B．talk | C．learn | D．play |
| A．so | B．unless | C．if | D．till |
| A．punish | B．persuade | C．beg | D．coach |
| A．slow | B．gifted | C．kind | D．quiet |
| A．take part in | B．look forward to | C．stay away from | D．come up with |
| A．judges | B．students | C．competitors | D．fans |
| A．program | B．event | C．concert | D．lecture |
| A．annoyed | B．moved | C．hurt | D．concerned |
| A．better | B．quicker | C．harder | D．louder |
| A．book | B．model | C．direction | D．question |
| A．hand | B．eye | C．interest | D．attention |
| A．announced | B．known | C．shown | D．predicted |
| A．prize | B．wish | C．way | D．reason |
| A．Without | B．Besides | C．Through | D．By |
| A．find | B．comfort | C．support | D．visit |
| A．dangerous | B．unfair | C．noticeable | D．particular |
6 . Saving money while traveling
There are a lot of matters to think on before going out on a trip. If you fail to plan the trip properly, then money will simply let itself loose from your pocket. Moreover, if you haven't planned a road map of your tour, then confusion is quite inevitable (必然的).
Package tours. Tours and travel agencies have attractive offers for tourists wanting to spend a couple of days on trips.
Inexpensive lodging. Never choose expensive lodging if your tour is a low-budget one. People tend to spend a lot booking luxury hotels (豪华旅馆), and save little to enjoy other activities during the trip. This idea is absolutely not wise when spending limited money on the trip is your main aim. Moreover, the expenses increase quickly when your kids are with you.
A guide map. Make a guide map about the places to visit, expenses of travel and the activities to try. While planning you should also estimate (估计) your total expenses. Calculate the maximum amount and try to spend less than that.
| A．Reduce shopping. |
| B．Off season travel. |
| C．You must keep yourself updated with such offers. |
| D．This will help you to keep actual expenses below the estimated. |
| E．You can save lots of dollars when you don't have a credit card. |
| F．Therefore, book a fairly low-price lodge to save a few dollars. |
| G．So knowing some money-saving travel tips becomes necessary for you. |
7 . There are millions of used cellphones in the world today，the most of which just lay in our houses without any purpose.Every day dozens of new cellphone models appear.Today，you_can_find_what_was_regarded_as_a_fantasy_yesterday_in_a_store_and_you_will_buy_it_tomorrow.But what to do with the old phones，which work well enough and not so old?
Just get some money! Simply Cellular is buying almost all models of cellphones：LG，Motorola，HP，Siemens，Samsung，Sanyo，Nokia and many others cellphones.Also it accepts phones produced in every country，and in every condition.Simply Cellular can offer a good price for your old cellphone in cash.Their mission is giving you a simple way to get money for your old phone，as simple and profitable(赚钱) as possible.Also they offer a tradein scheme(折价方案) to get another model instead of your phone，providing a good service after the sale.
Also Simply Cellular works with the socalled 911 cellphone program.So you can donate(捐赠) your cellphone to them to help some people who need it.They know what to do with your old phone! You can be interested in their recycling programs，where every used cellphone could be easily recycled for a few times.Some phones，which are good for refurbish(翻新)，Simply Cellular donates to people who need it，for example women or military personnel.If the refurbish is impossible，they just recycle cellphones.
Just think a minute: it’s a good deal to get some money for your old cellphone，good deal to help somebody with your phone and really important to recycle all techniques after use.Working with Simply Cellular you get every possibility absolutely free.And they will pay to you! That’s a really good deal!
1. When you want a new cellphone，you are advised to ________.| A．keep the old one in house to add your collections |
| B．throw the old one into the dustbin to protect your health |
| C．return the old one to the producer to get some money |
| D．sell the old one to Simply Cellular at a reasonable price |
| A．everyone loves the new and loathes the old (喜新厌旧) |
| B．people rush to buy what is regarded as a fantasy |
| C．people are soon able to enjoy what is the most advanced |
| D．what was a fantasy yesterday will no longer be good for tomorrow |
| A．a good price for the phone in cash |
| B．another new model without any pay |
| C．a costfree service provided by it |
| D．a profitable plan after the sale |
| A．warn people of the risks by using cellphones |
| B．introduce to us what to do with old cellphones |
| C．advise people not to change cellphones frequently |
| D．encourage us to keep up with new technologies |
提示：时下，越来越多的学生使用的是电子词典，而非纸质词典。请根据下表就此现象的利弊做出剖析，并提出自己的看法。
| 利 | 1.方便、快捷； 2．提供读音； 3．附带其他功能，如计算器。 |
| 弊 | 1.对眼睛有害，影响视力； 2．电子产品对环境的污染更大。 |
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9 . Who dares to stage a concert without even releasing an album of her own? It’s Li Yuchun, the once Super Girl competition winner.
Her first ever concert held recently at the Shanghai Grand Stage has attracted fans from all across the country and even some from abroad. “We came from Beijing to support you. And wherever you go, we’ll follow you and keep supporting you.”
In the shows first surprise, Li Yuchun performed One Night in Beijing.
| A．Her first concert in Shanghai is the further proof. |
| B．She is gifted in singing from an early age. |
| C．It’s a song that combines pop music with traditional Peking Opera. |
| D．These are the reasons that fans like her: talent, sincere and charming. |
| E．The star trained very hard for the live performance. |
| F．She explains the reason for her decision. |
| G．It was a complete success. |
10 . Almost no young people today know who the cartoon character Oswald the Rabbit is, but they certainly recognize his successor, Bugs Bunny.Oswald，Bugs, and hundreds of other characters were created by Walt Disney, perhaps the most famous cartoonist in history.
Born in Chicago in 1901, Walt Disney always wanted to be an artist.After returning from World War Ⅰ, in which he drove an ambulance, Disney worked as a commercial artist.He enjoyed drawing cartoons more than anything else, and decided to try his hand at a technology that was new at the time, moving pictures.
In the 1920’s, he produced several films where he made cartoon characters move as if by magic.The technique Disney used was painstaking. He made hundreds or even thousands of repeated drawings of the same character. In each drawing, the character was changed just a bit.A film was taken of the series of drawings, and when it was shown, the characters appeared to move. The process, called animation, is still used today, although computers have made the process much easier.
In 1928, Disney created his most famous character, Mortimer Mouse, who we know today as Mickey.The mouse starred in a cartoon called Steamboat Willie, which was unusual because it involved the use of a sound track. Within the next few years, Disney invented many of his other characters.
The list of Disney’s animation successes is long and memorable. It includes Pinocchio, Dumbo, Bambi, Cinderella, and Peter Pan.Perhaps his most remarkable animated film is Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.Created in 1937, it was an immediate success. Today, more than fifty years later, it is still one of the most popular films for children.
1. What is one of the chief differences between animation today and in Walt Disney’s early years?| A．More people like animated movies. |
| B．Fewer people like animated movies. |
| C．Computers have made the job easier. |
| D．Computers have made the job harder. |
| A．Creative. | B．Athletic. |
| C．Exciting. | D．Quiet. |
| A．It was a little success when created. |
| B．It took more than a year to make it. |
| C．It was made at a time when there were no computers. |
| D．It has remained popular for more than fifty years. |
