1 . Holidays and stress seem to go hand in hand. To cope, many people often steal hours from their sleep to pack in all the cooking, shopping, parties and family time.
Be careful with excess food
Many people look forward to that holiday nap, and often point to the turkey as the cause. In fact, you’d have to eat about 8 pounds for turkey to have an effect. Instead, it’s the rich, processed foods, such as candied sweet potatoes or pecan pie, that are making you feel tired
Watch for depression
If you suffer from anxiety, depression or seasonal affective disorder (a condition that causes sadness when there’s less daylight), watching your sleep is key. Depression and sleep are linked.
A.Be strategic with naps |
B.Watch your alcohol intake |
C.Another effective strategy is regular exercise |
D.If you do decide to have a nap, be sure not to do it too soon after eating |
E.Eating large, heavy meals causes the body to work harder to digest the foods |
F.Poor sleep can damage our mood, and depression can lead to unhealthy sleep |
G.But even a night or two of short sleep can have short term effects on your health and mood |
2 . The world’s most breathtaking clifftop hotels
Angama Mara, Kenya
Perched 1, 000 feet above the Maasai Mara, Angama Mara is on the edge of the Great Rift Valley. The site served as a location for the 1985 film “Out of Africa. “ Guests can expect top-quality game viewing, including Africa’s Big Five, every month of the year, both on game drives and on walking safaris. Amenities include a photography studio, fitness center, an art gallery, a 40-foot-long swimming pool and a studio.
Angama Mara: Suswa Mara Triangle, Kenya; +254 730 630630
Monastero Santa Rosa Hotel & Spa, Amalfi Coast, Italy
Formerly a monastery dating back to the 17th century, the family-run Monastero Santa Rosa clings to the side of a cliff overlooking the Tyrrhenian Sea and Gulf of Salerno. With 20 rooms, it has an infinity pool, five tiers of landscaped gardens and a Michelin-starred restaurant. The spa is the best on the Amalfi Coast and features treatments using local herbs and plants.
Monastero Santa Rosa Hote1& Spa: Via Roma, 2, 84010 Conca dei Marini SA, Italy; +39 089 832 1199
Anantara Al Jabal Al Akhdar Resort, AI Jabal Al Akhdar, Nizwa, Oman
Towering 6, 000 feet above sea level on the curving rim of a canyon, Anantara Al Jabal Al Akhdar overlooks Oman’s mountainous landscape. It’s an area that Prince Charles and the late Diana, Princess of Wales, visited in 1986. The resort has 115 rooms, a cliff-edge infinity pool, six restaurants and lounges and a spa. Guests can hike through valleys, mountain bike or visit ancient mountainside villages and nearby historic sites.
Anantara Al Jabal Al Akhdar Resort: No 110, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Nizwa 621, Oman; +968 25 218000
1. Where will you go if you are interested in walking safaris?A.Suswa Mara Triangle, Kenya. |
B.Tyrrhenian Sea and Gulf of Salerno. |
C.No 110, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Nizwa 621, Oman. |
D.Via Roma, 2, 84010 Conca dei Marini SA, Italy. |
A.Each of the three hotels has a large pool. |
B.Each of the three hotels has an art gallery. |
C.All of the three hotels are visited by Prince and Princess. |
D.All of the three hotels are famous for the spa using herbs. |
A.A fiction. |
B.A textbook. |
C.A history book. |
D.A tourist guidebook. |
3 . Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.
Technology in agriculture
A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.
Robots fighting Covid-19
Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.
Inventions of the youth
Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.
1. Where is the text probably taken from?A.A travel brochure. |
B.A technology textbook. |
C.A science magazine. |
D.A product advertisement. |
A.To save building materials. |
B.To prevent cars from being stolen. |
C.To increase ground parking spaces. |
D.To make the most of limited space. |
A.Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower. |
B.The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation. |
C.All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use. |
D.Human can be replaced by the robot in the future. |
4 . A “secretive” new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India’s Western Ghat mountain range. Named the starry dwarf frog after the markings on its dark brown back, it is just 2 centimeters long.
The frog, whose closest relatives are a group of species native to India and Sri Linka, is the only member of an ancient lineage (血统)dating back to millions of years ago, according to researchers from India and the US. It is unclear whether the species is descended from African or Asian frogs.
A group of Indian and US researchers first came across the local species hidden in leaf-litter as part of a wider project to look for new frogs, lizards and snakes in the richly biodiverse region and stored it in a jar for later study. Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape, colouring and other features has shown that it doesn’t match any existing species.Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science, who helped design the study, says while it is common to find new frogs in India, this one needs to be noticed. “This particular species not just is a new species, but also belongs to a new genus (属), and that makes it a little more special,” says Shanker.
The number of known species of frog identified in India has climbed from around 200 to above 400 over the past two decades. While many species new to science are frequently immediately sorted as endangered, it is too early to say whether the starry dwarf frog is threatened. “They are very secretive,” says Shanker, adding that the team didn’t know the size of its population. The frog is active at night and lives near water.
Habitat loss is a serious risk to frogs in tropical forests around the world, alongside threats such as a deadly fungus(真菌)that has been killing off amphibians(两栖动物)for the past four decades. But the new species was found in a reserved forest, meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies.
1. What can we learn from paragraph 3?A.The species was discovered by tourists. |
B.The species was found in a rich region. |
C.The species was finally set free. |
D.The species was further studied. |
A.It is in small quantities. |
B.It is an endangered species. |
C.It is well worth attention. |
D.It is related to African or Asian frogs. |
A.Habitat loss is the chief threat to frogs. |
B.The new species may face less dangers. |
C.Tropical forests in India are all under protection. |
D.The Indian government determines to save frogs. |
A.A rare frog species protected in India |
B.A rise in species of frog seen in India |
C.A secretive frog species discovered in India |
D.A risk of habitat loss for frogs removed in India |
5 . Have you ever walked through a door and thought to yourself, “What was I going to do?” If you have, you are not alone. Psychologists believe that walking through a door and entering another room creates a “mental block” in the brain. This is generally referred to as the doorway effect.
In the early years of brain research, scientists thought that human memory was like a closet, with many sections in which we could store little boxes of experiences from our lives. Boxes would remain there forever, and whenever we had to look into them, we could just go to that particular section and find that box of memory.
Beautiful as this description of human memory formation sounds, it is not true. Our brain is much more complex than that. Psychological studies suggest that our memories are episodic(情节性的)in general. If you think back on anything, you’ll probably quickly realize our memories don’t function as clear narratives. Instead, they’re more episodic and divided into parts.
A new research led by psychologist Oliver Baumann from Bond University in Australia suggests that it’s not so much the doorways that cause a memory wipe, as moving from one location to a significantly different one—it’s the abrupt change of scene that prepares our minds for something new. “A good example is moving around in a department store,” says Baumann, “Taking the elevator between floors may have no effect on our memory, but moving from the store to the parking lot might cause us to forget something that we need to buy.”
Baumann also points out that a busy and perhaps overloaded brain does seem to play some part in this phenomenon. In other words, walking through open doors is thought to reset memory to make room for a new episode.
The good news is that experiencing such forgettable episodes after entering another room does not tell you anything about your memory and intelligence. So when you enter a room and suddenly forget why you are there, you should not think that Alzheimer’s disease is creeping up on you!
1. Which of the following would most probably be “doorway effect”?A.You missed a call and forgot to ring back. |
B.You read a book and forget what it is about. |
C.You entered the office and forgot what to get. |
D.You saw a man years ago and forget who he is now. |
A.All memories are linked in the brain. |
B.Memories are clearly separated in the brain. |
C.Not all the memories can be found in the brain. |
D.Memories are stored in particular sections of the brain. |
A.Taking an elevator stimulates new memory. |
B.Walking through open doors results in memory loss. |
C.A sudden change of the scene boosts intelligence development. |
D.An overloaded brain increases the possibility of doorway effect. |
A.Insignificant. | B.Beneficial. |
C.Influential. | D.Damaging. |
6 . Here are some hostels (旅社) that will help you save money when you’re traveling in Toronto, Canada.
HI Hostel Toronto
HI Hostel Toronto really gets what travelers need. The hostel is in a central location close to everything you need (shopping, restaurants, subway and more). It’s very easy to meet people here because there is a bar that hosts live music. The beds are super comfortable so you can have a good sleep. Free breakfast is included.
Beds from $45 every night.
Two Peas Pod Hostel
Two Peas Pod Hostel runs a store and a café. They have a super rooftop (屋顶) (you can see the CN Tower from it) and a mini movie theater. Their beds are super cool and comfortable. They have lockers underneath them so you can keep all your things safe. It’s almost like staying in a modern hotel but with the fun of a hostel. Enjoy a great stay with free breakfast.
Beds from $59 every night.
The Only Backpacker’s Inn
This is your standard backpacker hostel. They have a bar and a café. There’s no free breakfast but the money you save makes up for that. It’s located near the subway so you can easily get around the city. It’s a good choice for travelers to meet people.
Beds from $37 every night.
The Parkdale Hostellerie
This is the most affordable hostel with free breakfast in the city. It’s not as central as the other hostels but that also makes one of its advantages: it is far from noise. The hostel is not the most modern but it has a welcoming, homey feel.
Beds from $26 every night.
1. What can travelers do at HI Hostel Toronto?A.Drink coffee at a café. | B.Watch a live music show. |
C.See the CN Tower on the rooftop. | D.Watch a film at a mini movie theater. |
A.It runs a store and a café. | B.It offers comfortable beds. |
C.It doesn’t offer free breakfast. | D.It’s close to public transportation. |
A.HI Hostel Toronto. | B.Two Peas Pod Hostel. |
C.The Only Backpacker’s Inn. | D.The Parkdale Hostellerie. |
7 . There’s a continuing controversy over whether electric vehicles should produce sounds to let the blind and other pedestrians know they’re on the scene. Some think those sounds should be standardized—like the “beep, beep, beep” of heavy machinery backing up, so you’ll think “something heavy is coming this way” when you hear it — and some think any sound will do.
This is a serious subject. Plug-in hybrid cars (电混动力车) and battery electric vehicles are super-quiet, and a study at the University of California, Riverside concludes that people listening to recordings on headphones can hear a regular gas car coming from 28 feet away, but a hybrid in battery mode only when it’s 7 feet away.
In response, the European Union has put new rules into play: all new electric vehicle models must have a sound-producing device, which sounds like a traditional engine. Starting in 2021, all new electric vehicles of any model will need the Acoustic Vehicle Alerting System or AVAS. That sound will come into play when the car is traveling backwards or when it’s traveling at less than 12 miles an hour — speeds at which cars are more likely to be mixing with pedestrians.
That’s a nice start, say representatives for the blind, but more is needed. “We’re calling on the government to take this announcement further by requiring AVAS on all existing electric and hybrid vehicles and ensuring drivers have them switched on,” John Welsman, guide dog owner and Guide Dogs staff member, said in a statement.
Drivers in most cases have the ability to shut off the device when needed. My guess is that they will eventually be standardized so your mind will automatically register “electric car” when you hear it. And that’s probably a good thing to reduce the mayhem (混乱) on the roads.
1. How does the author show “electric cars are quiet” in Paragraph 2?A.By making a classification. |
B.By making a comparison. |
C.By analyzing cause and effect. |
D.By setting down general rules. |
A.It was developed by the European Union. |
B.It was designed for inexperienced drivers. |
C.It consists of a sound-producing device and an engine. |
D.It warns pedestrians of the coming of an electric car. |
A.They are too strict for drivers. |
B.They are too complex to follow. |
C.They need further improvement. |
D.They hardly allow for any flexibility. |
A.Electric cars with a standardized sound-producing device. |
B.A new type of electric car on sale. |
C.Problems with the electric cars. |
D.Quiet electric cars. |
8 . Poetry is one of the important art forms of literature, and is an easy way to express your feelings. Moreover, everyone understands it in their own way. Some find relief in poems; some read them simply for peace; some read poems for simple artistic pleasure.
There are some special features of poetry, which make it quite different from other forms of literature. First of all, poems have rhythmic patterns. Generally, most parts of a poem follow the same form of rhythm. Poems may have rhyme, but they don’t have to. The lines are neatly arranged together so that they express a particular feeling or emotion.
There can be various types of poems but according to the pattern or the form, there are mainly three types:
Lyrics: The lyric mainly concentrates on human thoughts and emotions rather than a story. Lyrics always bear song-like appeal. These are mainly short poems. Popular lyric poem forms are the elegy, the ode and the sonnet. William Shakespeare, Edmund Waller and John Keats are some of the greatest lyric writers of all times.
Narrative poems: This type of poetry tells a story. Narrative poems are usually long poems. Epics and ballads fall under this type. Some of the greatest epic poets are John Milton, Dante, Edgar Allan Poe, Alexander Pope, William Shakespeare, etc.
Dramatic poems: Any drama that is written in verse is a dramatic poem. These poems generally tell a story. Black verse, dramatic monologues and closet drama belong to this type. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson are some of the great dramatic poets.
Whatever the form is, one thing, which, cannot be denied, is that poetry is one of the most powerful tools to express our feelings.
1. What do we know about lyrics?①They are similar to songs
②They usually tell stories.
③They are not very long.
④The sonnet is a type of lyric.
A.①②③ | B.②③④ |
C.①②④ | D.①③④ |
A.The elegy. | B.The dramatic monologue. |
C.The epic. | D.The ode. |
A.poems are weak in showing feelings |
B.narrative poems are shorter than lyric poems |
C.some poets write more than one type of poem |
D.the sonnet and the ballad belong to the same type |
A.tell us some simple facts about poetry | B.teach us how to write poems |
C.give some advice on reading poems | D.make us interested in poems |
A.By bus. | B.On foot. | C.By car. |
A.A taxi driver. | B.A restaurant waiter. | C.A traffic policeman. |