1 . A new study suggests that some homemade soups — made of chicken, beef or vegetables — might help fight malaria.
Jake Baum of the Imperial College London led the research. He asked children at a London school to bring in homemade clear soups that their families would make to treat a fever. The soups were then exposed to the parasite (寄生虫) that creates 99.7 percent of malaria cases in Africa, the World Health Organization explained.
Of the 56 soups tested, five were more than 50 percent effective in containing the growth of the parasite. Two were as effective as one drug now used to treat malaria. And four soups were more than 50 percent effective at preventing parasites from aging to the point that they could infect mosquitoes that spread the disease. Baum also noted that it was unclear which foods made the soups effective against malaria.
The soups came from families from different ethnic histories, including Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. They had several main ingredients, including chicken, beef and green vegetables. Baum said the vegetarian soups showed similar results to the soups with meat.
Baum said his aim was in part to show children that scientific research can turn a herbal (草本的) cure into a man-made medicine. He noted the research of Dr. Tu Youyou from China. In the 1970s, she found that the herb qinghao was an effective antimalarial (抗疟疾的) treatment. The herb has been used in Eastern medicine for two thousand years. Tu’s research led to the man-made drug artemisinin (青蒿素), a drug now widely used to treat malaria.
More and more people are becoming resistant (耐受的) to the drugs that treat the disease, which kills nearly 400,000 people a year. That means scientists will have to “look beyond chemistry” and find new drugs, Baum adds.
1. Why did children at a London school bring in homemade soups?A.To taste its favour. | B.To have for lunch. |
C.To compete with others. | D.To take part in an experiment. |
A.All the soups are not effective in killing the parasite. |
B.What in the soups works is still unknown. |
C.The soups have no effect on mosquitoes from spreading malaria. |
D.The vegetarian soups are more delicious than the soups with meat. |
A.To emphasize her great achievement in treating malaria. |
B.To express his respect for Dr. Tu Youyou. |
C.To note a herbal cure can come into a man-made medicine. |
D.To show qinghao has been discovered for a long time. |
A.To expand their studies to find new medicines. | B.To collect more soups for scientific study. |
C.To improve the taste of the soups. | D.To find out why malaria exists in many countries. |
2 . The Internet has become a part of human life. There’s a report on 3, 375 people aged from 10 to 38 in seven Chinese cities. It says that 38 percent of them believe they use the Internet often. While most of them get useful information and use the Internet in their works and studies. Some are not using it in a good way. Many are playing online games too much. A few even visit websites they should not look at. It seems that we can’t live in a world without the Internet.
Actually, we are all busy talking about and using the Internet, but how many of us know the history of the Internet?
Many people are surprised when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. At that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer network didn’t work well. If one computer in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. So a new network system (系统) had to be set up.
It should be good enough to be used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way computer network system would keep on working all the time. At first the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals and banks were allowed to use it, too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of 1990s, computers became cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” the Internet easier.
Today it is easy to get online and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mails is more and more popular among young people. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of people’s life.
1. How long has the Internet been used?A.For about 10 years. | B.For about 20 years. | C.For about 40 years. | D.For about 60 years |
A.They became cheaper and easier to use. | B.They became larger and larger. |
C.People couldn’t buy them anywhere. | D.People could get information only from them. |
A.People will be happy without the Internet. | B.People will more and more depend on the Internet. |
C.People live a hard life with the Internet. | D.All people should stop to use their computers. |
A.Computers and the Government | B.Computers and Information |
C.The History of the Internet | D.The History of Inventions |
3 . One of the most important things of the U. S. government’s routine in 2020 is to raise the federal (联邦) legal age for buying tobacco from age 18 to 21.
Beginning in the summer of 2020, it will be against the law to sell tobacco to anyone under the age of 21. Since 1990, the legal age permitted to buy cigarette is at least 18. The law also includes e-cigarette, not just traditional tobacco products like cigarettes and cigars, adding regulation to this industry, which has developed largely unchecked.
The use of E-cigarette has increased sharply among U. S. teenagers. According to the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 27.5% of U. S. high school students have used e-cigarette in the past month. Raising the age one can buy tobacco is intended to avoid what many people are calling an epidemic, which is doing great harm to the health of American teenagers.
A recent outbreak of the disease related to e-cigarette has raised even more concern about e-cigarette products , although the disease is largely linked to cartridges (药筒) filled with addictive Vitamin E acetate sold in black market.
In a statement to TIME, the American Lung Association considered raising the age one can buy tobacco as an easy way to protect children’s health and prevent them from getting addicted to nicotine.
Those in favor of e-cigarette have made it clear that they support raising the legal age permission for buying and using tobacco, arguing that e-cigarette products are never designed for young people. Some anti-cigarette (反对吸烟) people have expressed their doubt of this opinion.
At present, twenty states have already raised the legal age to buy cigarette to 21.
1. What can we learn about the new law for buying tobacco?A.It’s good for the tobacco market. | B.It also works for e-cigarette. |
C.It aims to stop selling cigarette. | D.It’ll be illegal to buy cigarette. |
A.Crime. | B.Shoplifting. | C.Disease. | D.Burglary. |
A.E-cigarette products are aimed at young people. |
B.Cigarettes only do harm to young people. |
C.E-cigarette should not be allowed. |
D.People don’t have to obey the legal law. |
A.Science. | B.Culture. | C.Health. | D.Economy. |
4 . Music just like sunshine, it can always touch our heart no matter when we are happy or sad. It’s evident that musicians are great in our mind no matter they are alive or they have been dead for years.
Montreux, Lake Geneva, Switzerland
After passing away in 1991, Freddie Mercury’s body was burned and his ashes spread around in Lake Geneva. A statue of the lead singer of Queen was unveiled (揭幕) on November 25,1996, and overlooked the lake.
Nine Mile, Jamaica
In the village of Nine Mile lies a statue built just feet away from Bob Marley’s childhood home, where the Reggae singer was buried after his death in 1981. In 1991, the Jamaican government declared Marley’s birthday, February 6, a national holiday, and Nine Mile held an annual music festival in honor of the singer.
Joshua Tree National Park, Joshua Tree, Calif.
Gram Parsons was a regular visitor to Joshua Tree National Park until his death in 1973, and he and his friend Phil Kaufman made an agreement that whoever died first, the survivor would take the other guy’s body to Joshua Tree and burn it. This agreement would be the foundation for one of the greatest stories in rock and roll history. Today, there is a Gram Parsons statue in Joshua Tree National Park.
Stone Mountain, Ga.
After one of the most unfortunate deaths in hip hop history, the Tupac Amaru Shakur Foundation was developed by Tupac’s mother in 1997. The foundation began a center for the arts in 2005 as a youth arts training program. Located in Stone Mountain, the center has a garden with a statue of the late rapper.
1. Who was buried near where he was born?A.Freddie Mercury. | B.Gram Parsons. |
C.Bob Marley. | D.Tupac Amaru Shakur. |
A.He put up a statue of Parsons in the park. |
B.He kept the agreement after Parsons’s death. |
C.He started a youth arts training program. |
D.He drafted a passage for Gram Parsons. |
A.The famous national parks around the world. |
B.The famous singers and their interesting stories. |
C.The famous places can be visited. |
D.The memorial sites of well-known late musicians. |
5 . When amputee (被截肢者) runner Jacky Hunt-Broersma says her motto is, “I can do hard things,” she is not joking. She has completed 104 marathons in 104 days,
Hunt-Broersma, 46,
Hunt-Broersma, who is from South Africa, lost her leg
She ran the first of her 104 marathons on January 17, 2022.
As she did her
Hunt-Broersma said she hoped to
Guinness World Records said it
A.damaging | B.using | C.holding | D.adjusting |
A.finished | B.scheduled | C.considered | D.abandoned |
A.coaches | B.employers | C.athletes | D.doctors |
A.bookstores | B.universities | C.hospitals | D.charities |
A.beside | B.inside | C.toward | D.below |
A.Occasionally | B.Suddenly | C.Initially | D.Strangely |
A.beat | B.adore | C.keep | D.memorize |
A.before | B.after | C.though | D.unless |
A.fail | B.refuse | C.need | D.pretend |
A.monthly | B.daily | C.weekly | D.yearly |
A.popularity | B.anxiety | C.judgement | D.security |
A.repair | B.design | C.produce | D.buy |
A.traffic | B.property | C.unemployment | D.health |
A.pay for | B.take over | C.appeal to | D.adapt to |
A.permit | B.force | C.warn | D.inspire |
A.thrilling | B.challenging | C.puzzling | D.shocking |
A.ambitions | B.potentials | C.disabilities | D.mistakes |
A.knew about | B.turned down | C.applied for | D.set aside |
A.adventure | B.attitude | C.display | D.evidence |
A.made | B.improved | C.confirmed | D.broken |
1. When does Mary usually learn Python online?
A.On Fridays. |
B.On Saturdays. |
C.On Sundays. |
A.Detective ones. |
B.Comedy ones. |
C.Science fiction ones. |
A.Only the man. |
B.Only the woman. |
C.The speakers and Jack. |
A 150-year-old shipwreck (遇难船) believed
The merchant ship,
Recovery of the merchant vessel—about 38.1 meters long and 9.9 meters across at its widest point—was one of the most important and challenging underwater archaeological excavation (挖掘)
“The retrieval (取回) of the vessel marks the perfect
“The project has provided a Chinese example, Chinese model, and Chinese experience for the global protection of underwater cultural relics,” he said.
In the coming days, another ship will take the shipwreck to the former site of Shanghai Shipyard in Yangpu district, where it will be examined and studied. The ship has been described by the heritage administration as “the largest and best-preserved sunken wooden sailboat in China’s underwater archaeological findings, with
Fang Shizhong,
8 . For the past three weeks, students across India’s capital have been attending a new course: happiness. The Delhi government introduced “happiness classes”.
“We have given best-of-the-best talents to the world,” Sisodai said, according to The Washington Post. “
The Washington Post says children came out of their first happiness class with some excitement. “We should work happily,” 11-year-old Aayush Jha, a seventh grader at a public school in Delhi, told the paper. “When you work sadly, your work will not be good.”
Sisodai hopes to deliver these tools to help students live more happily inside and outside of the classroom, whether or not they’re achieving their academic standards. “I don’t know if happiness can be learned, but yes, it can be practised,” he says. “
One in four Indian children aged 13 to 15 struggles with low spirits, the World Health Organization reported last year. As journalist Susan Brink reported, “The government has made changes after noticing that some young people under great stress to do well in school tended to commit suicide (自杀) if they felt they did poorly.” “In South India, they observed higher suicide rates after exam periods among schoolchildren who failed,” Alexandra Fleischmannn, a project coordinator for the WHO’s Preventing Suicide report, told Brink. “
A.Many Indian students are facing a very tough life |
B.We have given best-of-the-best professionals to industry |
C.Then they introduced the possibility of taking the exams again |
D.It is used to decide whether an Indian student is excellent or not |
E.Delhi’s Education Minister Manish Sisodai is in charge of making the changes |
F.Once you start practising living with happiness, then it can become part of your life |
G.It tried to change the country’s academic focus from student achievement to emotional well-being |
9 . Humanitarian(人道主义的)groups and lawmakers have criticized Italian authorities for preventing migrants who were not considered to be“vulnerable(脆弱的)”from disembarking(登陆)from rescue ships in Sicily on Sunday.
Charities and politicians blamed the selection process as illegal and regarded the actions of the Italian government as inhumane, reported the Associated Press news service, or AP. Italy’s new government is reportedly targeting foreign-flagged rescue ships in a new procedure that is part of a regulation brought about by Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi.
Italy allowed a rescue ship carrying 179 refugees and migrants to enter a port in Sicily on Sunday and then later begin disembarking children and sick or“vulnerable”people, but 35 men on board were blocked from getting off the ship, reported the Reuters news agency. Later, agencies reported that 144 people had been allowed to disembark the Humanity 1 rescue ship,which sailed under a German flag. In the afternoon,357 people were allowed off the Geo Barents ship operated by Doctors Without Borders, which sails under a Norwegian flag, but 215 people remained blocked on board.
Authorities continued to refuse safe harbor for hundreds of migrants onboard two other ships in nearby waters, said the AP. Humanity 1’s captain refused to leave the port of Catania “until all survivors rescued from great suffering at sea have been disembarked”, said SOS Humanity, the German-run charity that operates the ship. The charity strongly criticized Piantedosi’s decision to only allow vulnerable people to disembark and on Monday said it would launch legal action against the Italian government,claiming Italy’s actions violate European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention.
The BBC noted that Italy is one of the main entry points into Europe, and, according to the United Nations, 85,000 migrants have arrived there on small,overcrowded boats since the start of the year. Italy’s new prime minister,Giorgia Meloni,has promised to take action to stop those making the hazardous journeys across the Mediterranean.
Nongovernmental organizations say coastal nations are responsible by the law of the sea to rescue people who are suffering and that they are responsible to provide a safe port as soon as possible.
Till Rummenhohl,head of operations at SOS Humanity,said people were being “held hostage (人质)”onboard the Humanity 1 vessel.”“We had health authorities onboard who decided who’s weak enough, who is basically in urgent medical case and who’s not,”Rummenhohl told DW News.“The people are not really sure what’s happening to them. They have an uncertain future. They are afraid of being pushed back from Italy, into international waters or even to Libya. That’s their greatest fear,” he said.
1. Why were 35 of the 179 refugees not allowed to leave the ship to enter Italy in the beginning?A.They were not weak people. | B.They had no certifications. |
C.The ship was in good condition. | D.The ship sailed under a German flag. |
A.Comfortable. | B.Thrilling. |
C.Long. | D.Dangerous. |
A.Italy’s actions agreed with European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention. |
B.Illegal migrants should be pushed back into international waters. |
C.Coastal countries should save people who are suffering at sea. |
D.Illegal migrants were supposed to be held hostage onboard. |
A.Italy provides safe shelters for refugees |
B.Italy prevents migrants from leaving ships |
C.Humanity 1’s captain refuses to leave the port of Catania |
D.Many migrants arrive in Italy on small, overcrowded boats |
10 . In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christian-sen became puzzled about something that, strangely, had not troubled anyone before he couldn’t find the park’s volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that is what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christian-sen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which were created when erupting magma(岩浆)piled up. These can form remarkably quickly. One day in 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile-across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn’t involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera(火山口).Yellowstone obviously was of this second type, but Christian-sen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up(放大的照片)for one of the visitors’ centers. As soon as Christian-sen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park—2.2 million acres -was a caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across-much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
1. What does the underlined word “its” in paragraph 1 refer to?A.The ground. | B.The nature. |
C.The volcano. | D.The park. |
A.A single big crack was forming there. | B.Someone was burning stalks there. |
C.A volcano was erupting underneath. | D.There were some hot springs there. |
A.By looking at the photographs. | B.By analyzing its steamy features. |
C.By researching historical documents. | D.By using some advanced equipment. |
A.Its level is much higher than the surrounding areas. |
B.The volcano in it involved mountain building. |
C.It is a large hole left by the explosion. |
D.Its shape is much like a cone. |