1 . A 2020 study by Balbix found that 99% of the people surveyed reused their passwords between work accounts or between work and personal accounts.     1    

For example, a 2019 study by Google found that 59% of the people they surveyed used a name or a birthday in their password. And 24% admitted using a password like one of these below: 1234, 12345, 123456, etc.     2     Since both personal and work accounts are accessible from the same device with the same password, it simplifies the work a bad actor has to do in order to breach (攻入) your systems.

    3     The NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Password Guidelines are widely regarded as the international standard for password best practices. Following these guidelines—and insisting your employees do the same—will help protect you against threats from weak or stolen passwords. Password managers can simplify the work required for your employees to follow these guidelines.

It's more secure to require your employees to use more than one authentication (身份验证) factor to access mobile company applications.     4     They'd need to check on their identity with additional authentication factors in order to log in.

Finally, you can also perform passwordless authentication.     5     For example, in the event that a mobile device is stolen or accessed illegally, requiring a facial scan (扫描) or a finger scan as a primary or secondary authentication factor could still prevent unauthorized access.

A．Passwords are commonly shared in the workplace.

B．It will help you to root out password risks altogether.

C．Many employees still create weak and simple passwords.

D．These bad password habits present a threat to organizations.

E．That helps reduce the risk that a bad actor gains access to your systems.

F．Unfortunately, the passwords that employees are reusing are often weak.

G．However, that's not to say there is no way to reduce or uproot password threats.

2 . Polish Olympian Maria has generously auctioned（拍卖）off her Tokyo Games silver medal to raise funds for a baby's lifesaving operation.

When Maria heard about 8-month-old Miloszek's battle for survival, she felt it a must to do something to help. The baby had a serious and rare heart disease. His condition was badly worsening, and he was in need of immediate surgery. His parents sought funds to cover the cost of his transportation and medical care for the complicated surgery at Stanford University Medical Center in the United States.

As a cancer survivor, Maria knows what it is like to fight the disease. She overcame bone cancer and a shoulder injury to make her comeback and compete at this summer's Tokyo Olympic Games. Her hard work paid off, earning her first medal.

Athletes make enormous sacrifices to have an opportunity to compete at the Olympic Games, and winning an Olympic medal is every athlete's dream. Maria treasured what the medal represents. However, she decided her medal was more valuable at auction if the raised funds could help save a child's life.

Maria stated in her social media auction announcement that Miloszek's fundraising already had a good head start. It was at the halfway point of reaching its goal of $390,000. That was thanks to the family of a recently deceased young boy who generously donated the funds originally meant for their son. Maria hoped her Olympic silver medal would take the fundraising across the finish line.

Zabka, a popular Polish supermarket chain, won Maria's silver medal auction with a bid of $125,000. Zabka's owners gracefully declined to accept the silver medal and returned it to Maria. They stated they were grateful for the opportunity to contribute to such a good cause.

1. Which of the following best describes Miloszek's disease?

A．Common.	B．Urgent.
C．Incurable.	D．Infectious.

2. What can we learn about Maria?

A．She was a gold medalist in Tokyo Olympics.

B．She survived lung cancer in the past.

C．She didn't think much about her medal.

D．She had great sympathy for Miloszek.

3. What's the meaning of the underlined word "deceased" in paragraph 5?

A．Dead.	B．Missing.
C．Generous.	D．Friendly.

4. Who owned the silver medal in the end?

A．Maria.	B．Miloszek.
C．Zabka's owners.	D．A young boy.

3 . Want to support animals in need? Here are three ways to show them some love.

Grounds & Hounds

When you buy any item from Jordan Karcher's coffee company. Grounds & Hounds, part of the proceeds (收入) go to shelter near you.In2015,Grounds & Hounds' donations helped partners provide blankets, food and services for about 2,000 rescue animals.

Tel:888-228-8914

E-mail: info @ groundsand houndscoffee.com

Fetch Eyewear and the Pixie Project

In 2004, Ann Sacks founded Fetch Eyewear, a company that sells stylish frames at affordable prices. Three years later, she launched the Pixie Project — a nonprofit project that offers free and low-cost treatment of animal diseases and injuries and rescues pets from overloaded shelters across the country —and 100 percent of Fetch's profits now benefit the charity. To date, the two organizations have helped with more than 5,000 pet adoptions and about 1,000 surgeries (外科手术).

Adoption:503-542-3433

Fax:503-542-3437

Fur for the Animals

Fur for the Animals, run by the animal advocacy group Born Free USA is a campaign( open through December 31) that collects unwanted furs and donates them to wildlife rehabilitation (康复) centers. The furs are used by injured creatures that need to feel cozy and comforted. More than 1,000 pounds of furs have already made their way to animals in need throughout the U.S.

Tel:011-5952-5440

1. Through Grounds & Hounds, how can you help animals?

A．By getting a pet.	B．By donating money to it.
C．By buying coffee from it.	D．By volunteering your services.

2. Which number should you call to donate unneeded furs?

A．011-5952-5440.	B．503-542-3433
C．888-288-8914.	D．503-542-3437.

3. What do we know about the Pixie Project?

A．It sells cheap frames.	B．It benefits Fetch Eyewear
C．It is a highly profitable business.	D．It works together with animal shelters.

4. The passage mainly wants to show the readers________.

A．how to profit from animals

B．the three ways to show love to animals

C．the success they have got

D．how kind they are to animals

5 . Since first appearing in India in late 2020, the Delta variant( 变体) of SARS-CoV-2 has become the predominant(主要的) strain in much of the world. Researchers might now know why Delta has been so successful: people with Dleta produce more virus than those infected with the original version of SARS-CoV-2, making it very easy to spread.

According to current estimates, the Delta variant could be more than twice as transmissible as the original strain of SARS-CoV-2. To find out why, epidemiologist Jing Lu and his colleagues tracked 62 people who were quarantined(隔离) after exposure to COVID-19 and who were the first people in mainland China with Delta.

The team tested study participants' “viral load”—a measure of the density of viral particles (微粒) in the body --- every day throughout the course of infection to see how it changed over time. Researchers then compared participants, infection patterns with those of 63 people who contracted the original SARS-CoV-2 strain in 2020.

In a preprint posted 12 July, the researchers report that virus was first detectable in people with the Delta variant four days after exposure, compared with an average of six days among people with the original strain, suggesting that Delta replicates much faster. Individuals with Delta also had viral loads up to 1,260 times higher than those in people infected with the original strain.

The combination of a high number of viruses and a short incubation(潜伏期) period makes sense as an explanation for Delta' s heightened transmissibility. And the short incubation makes contact tracing more difficult in countries such as China, which systematically tracks each infected person's contacts and require them to quarantine. “Putting it all together, Delta's really difficult to stop," epidemiologist Cowling says. A number of other questions about the Delta variant remain unanswered.

1. Why did Jing Lu and his colleagues do the research?

A．To reproduce the variants of the virus.

B．To figure out the reasons for the super-spreading of Delta.

C．To examine the Delta virus and the original strain.

D．To test the effectiveness of the method.

2. How did the team do the research?

A．They tested the changes of the density of viral particles in the subject's body while infected.

B．They compared the participants with a high number of viruses and those with a short incubation period.

C．They merely systematically tracked each infected person's contacts.

D．They required the infected individual to be isolated at home.

3. What does the underlined part“replicate" in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．expose

B．vary

C．multiply

D．track

4. What is Cowling' s attitude toward the situation of Delta?

A．indifferent.

B．positive.

C．objective.

D．concerned.

6 . 假设你们学习小组将举办一次有关"friendship”的讨论，请你结合自己的体会，谈一谈自己对友谊的理解。要点如下:
1.友谊的必要性;
2.一些对友谊的错误理解;
3.你的观点。
注意:1.词数100左右:
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。

As far as I’m concerned, friendship plays an important part in our study and life.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 . China Culture Camp offers special experience for New Zealand students

A group of New Zealand secondary students shared their special memory of the China Culture Camp 2020 with culture performances, dances, group speeches and fun games on Friday. The China Culture Camp 2020     1     (organize) by the Confucius Institute (CI) in Auckland.The students spent a week having fun Chinese class, visiting businesses in the New Zealand China bilateral(双边的) trade and learning Chinese culture.

Year 11 student Te Auraki Fraser from Fairfield College in Hamilton performed Chinese culture dance at the final sharing on Friday.     2     (learn) Chinese for two years, he found that he really likes the language. Although it's a pity     3    he was not able to go to China this year, Fraser wished to go to China to study one day.

"I started studying Chinese     4    I have a passion for languages. Ever since I was young I have tried to learn many different kinds. I was given the opportunity     5     (start) studying Chinese and I committed to it. “he said.

Nora Yao,     6     (direct) of the Confucius Institute in Auckland, the University of Auckland, was pleased to watch the students' performances and sharing."It was the first year we had done the China Camp domestically in New Zealand. We wanted to give     7    special memory to the students even though they cannot     8     (person) visit China. So our camp program this year focused     9    how important the Chinese language is to our bilateral relations and business and our future generation," said Yao.

Around 20 secondary students     10    native language is not Chinese from Auckland attended the week-long China Culture Camp 2020.

8 . The Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition (探险队) , which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back again, the Nez Perce territory (领土) covered about 17 million acres, covering parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. But that was a brief sweet history.

In September 1805, when Lewis and Clark came off the Rockies on their westward journey, the entire exploring party was hungry and ill -- too weak to defend themselves.

Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks of Clearwater River. Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until they made a full recovery. Thus began a long friendship between the Nez Perce and white Americans. But white men’s greed for land and gold finally broke the friendship.

In 1855 Governor Isaac Stevens of Washington Territory invited the Nez Perce to a peace conference. He said there were a great many white people in the country, and many more would come. But the Chief of the tribe at that time, Old Joseph, replied, “Take away your paper. I will not touch it with my hand.”

Things were quiet for a while after that, but not for long. When Old Joseph died, the chiefship was passed onto Young Joseph. In the late 1870s, government officials came to order the Nez Perce to leave the Wallowa Valley and then began hard battles between the Nez Perce and the white soldiers. After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles to-wards Canada in an attempt to retreat(撤退) north, Young Joseph, gave in to the United States Army. Here was his famous statement, “Hear me my chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”

In 1885, Chief Joseph was sent along with many of his band to the Colville Reservation in Washington where Joseph continued to lead his band for another 25 years, at times coming into conflict with the leaders of 11 other tribes living on the reservation.(保留地，居留地)

1. What is TRUE about the Lewis and Clark expedition?

A．They were well cared for by the Nez Perce.

B．They ended their expedition on the banks of Clearwater River.

C．They started the first battle with the Nez Perce.

D．They were the first Americans to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

2. What ended the friendship between the Nez Perce and the Whites?

A．Old Joseph’s proud manner

B．White men’s increasing demand for land and gold

C．A growing number of white men in the land

D．The breakdown of the peace talk

3. Young Joseph gave in at last because ________.

A．he grew older	B．he was terribly ill
C．he hated the war	D．he lost other chiefs’ support

4. The passage might be followed by a paragraph about ________.

A．the customs and traditions of the Nez Perce Indians

B．the last years of Chief Joseph in the Colville Reservation

C．lasting fights between the Nez Perce and the whites

D．constant conflicts between the Nez Perce and other tribes

9 . Bob, a Burroughs junior high school football player, always had his mom cheering him on. He didn’t play exciting positions. He played as a linebacker(中后卫球员). Sadly, he often found himself at the bottom of the piles, where everyone would jump onto each other at the end of every play. Bob's mom realized it was hard for her son to hear her cheering. She had to find a solution, but couldn't find one.

Then one day the coach from the school team asked him if he wanted to join the team. Bob was ecstatic, because he was only a ninth grader. His mom was also excited, since she loved football and especially loved watching her son play. She kept considering a way for him to hear her. A cowbell! That was it. Now from the bottom of the piles Bob would hear his mom shaking her cowbell crazily, knowing she was there for him.

Bob's team finally made it to the state championship game. What exciting time to play at Busch Stadium under the lights! This experience made Bob appreciate all the years that his mom had sacrificed everything to get him to practice every day, to wash his uniforms, and to never miss a game. He had to do something.

On the night of the state championship game, the loudspeakers introduced Bob, and as he walked onto the field his mom shook the cowbell, hard. However, it didn’t sound right. She looked its inside, and found a note saying,”Thank you, Mom.” Bob had left her a note expressing his appreciation for always being with him, filling her heart with warmth.

Finally Burroughs claimed the title of State Champion. While others were cheering and admiring the state championship cup, Bob' s mom clutched(紧握) her cowbell happily.

Years later, Bob’s mom died. While digging through her belongings, he found the cowbell with the note. Bob took it to his mom's funeral and rang it, whispering, "Thank you, Mom.”

1. What does the underlined word "ecstatic” mean in Paragraph 2?

A．Curious	B．Disappointed
C．Anxious	D．Delighted

2. Why did Bob's mom want to get a cowbell?

A．To amuse her cow.	B．To teach her cow
C．To attract his attention.	D．To make him hear her

3. What can be learned from Paragraph 3?

A．Bob's mom devoted much time to him

B．Bob was the best player in his team

C．Bob owed his success to his coach

D．Bob's mom was a football player at college

4. Why didn’t the cowbell sound as usual that night?

A．The mother was very weak.

B．Bob had put a note inside the bell.

C．The weather became terrible suddenly

D．The bell had been broken deliberates.