1 . My 10-year-old son and two friends attended a 2-hour fantastic basketball camp on Martin Luther King Jr. Day. A few minutes before the session ended, there was a shooting contest. Only a few kids were chosen to compete, and my son was not one of them. The contest winners received prizes and recognition, as did a few kids chosen as “all-stars” for effort, skill and participation. Again, my son was not selected.
My son was struggling to deal with his disappointment.
At the camp, he played a basketball game with kids he had never met, guarded them fiercely and took shots easily against them. As his mom, I was thrilled that he spent the day without his iPad. All in all, the day felt wonderful. The last thing I wanted was for these awards to ruin the experience.
I decided to simplify it for him. I did the math and figured out the shooting contest and awards were about 6% of the total camp. The rest of the camp, the parts that he enjoyed, were 94% of the day. Even though the kid loves math, it was hard for him to see the contests and awards as a small part of his day.
My son once told me about a negative situation that played out at recess(课间休息). The way he explained it felt like the disagreement lasted hours, but it turns out it was only the last few minutes of recess.
Now is the time for me as the parent to help my kids think more positively. If my son leaves a half-day camp and most of the day was great —that’s a win. If our family is able to go to Florida over winter break and enjoy time together, away from the everyday headaches, that’s also a win. We can acknowledge the aspects that disappoint us, as long as we are willing to then focus on the bigger picture.
It starts with me and my husband. Our kids will model the behavior we show. They need to see us thinking positively and not hyper-focusing on the negative 6%.
1. Why did the author’s son become so disappointed?A.He spent the day without his iPad. | B.He missed out on a basketball contest. |
C.His mother didn’t turn up in a contest. | D.He didn’t gain awards in a shooting contest. |
A.To help her son to think positively. | B.To arouse her son’s interest in math. |
C.To emphasize the disappointing aspects. | D.To simplify the process of the shooting contest. |
A.Do the math. | B.Set an example. |
C.Start a project. | D.Learn from other parents. |
A.Practice makes perfect. | B.Every coin has two sides. |
C.The bigger picture matters. | D.Adversity makes a wise man. |
2 . Over the past year, several films and TV dramas have put their shooting locations into the public spotlight.
Dali in Yunnan Province
With the TV drama Meet Yourself earlier last year, Dali in Yunnan Province emerged as a highly sought-after tourism destination.
During the Spring Festival holiday, Yunnan Province received the second most tourists in the nation with a tourism profit of 38.4 billion yuan, ranking top. Among this, Dali received 4.24 million tourists, marking a remarkable 219 percent increase compared to the previous year.
Jiangmen in Guangdong Province
Thanks to the success of the hit show The Knockout, Jiangmen in Guangdong Province became an outstanding tourism destination last year.
Data reveals a remarkable 217 percent month-on-month increase in searches related to tourism in the city in February. Currently, travel bookings witness a substantial 144 percent month-on-month rise.
Taiyuan Ancient County in Shanxi Province
Full River Red has set Taiyuan Ancient County in Shanxi on fire with excitement.
From Jan. 21 to 31, the county witnessed over 400,000 tourists, a significant rise compared to the about 180,000 visitors during the previous Spring Festival holiday. Notably, one-third of these tourists were from outside Shanxi Province.
Ningbo Museum in Zhejiang Province
With the broadcast of the TV drama Three-Body Problem, Ningbo Museum has gained significant attention.
Visitor numbers rose to 50,000 during the Spring Festival, marking a remarkable 220 percent year-on-year increase. Even after the festival, there were 2,000 to 3,000 visitors daily consistently.
1. What was the impact of Meet Yourself?A.It contributed to the tourism profits. | B.It helped Dali earn 38.4 billion yuan. |
C.It made Yunnan a tourism destination. | D.It ranked Dali a top tourism destination. |
A.Dali. | B.Jiangmen. |
C.Taiyuan Ancient County. | D.Ningbo Museum. |
A.About 23,000. | B.Over 400,000. | C.Nearly 50,000. | D.2,000 to 3,000. |
3 . Late last year, in the days before the Dosakian election, a video featuring a well-known journalist and a key candidate circulated on social networks. However, it was absolutely fake (虚假的). The International Press Institute has called this episode in Dosakia the first time that AI deepfakes — fake images, or videos generated by artificial intelligence — have influenced a national election greatly.
Security experts consider misinformation the biggest global risk recently — more dangerous than war, and extreme weather events. A constant stream of people is wrestling with this issue. Now even economists are joining in.
Economist Iyan Smith, and others conduct a real-world experiment to see whether simple, low-cost nudges, or interventions, can be effective. Instead of focusing on the supply side of misinformation like social media platforms, they pay attention to the demand side: increasing our capacity to identify the fake information.
The economists split participants randomly into four different groups. One group was shown a video demonstrating a convincing journey of two people from two different social groups who, before interacting, express negative stereotypes (刻板印象) about the other’s group, overcoming their differences and ultimately regretting unthinkingly using stereotypes to dehumanize one another. Another group completed a personality test that shows them their cognitive traits (认知特点) causing prejudice, hoping to increase their self-awareness, and decrease their demand for misinformation. A third group did both while a control group did neither.
The economists find the simple intervention of showing the video makes the participants over 30 percent less likely to “consider fake news reliable”. But the personality test has little effect. As for participants doing both, they were about 31 percent less likely to view true headlines as reliable. In other words, they became so skeptical that even the truth became suspect.
Smith and his colleagues are far from the first scholars to fight misinformation by helping people to think more critically. University of Weymouth psychologist Lisa Kindle also advocates similar ways to help reject misinformation in the wild.
1. What does the author intend to do in the first two paragraphs?A.Highlight the risk of AI deepfakes. | B.Discuss the global threat landscape. |
C.Describe Dosakia’s election outcome. | D.Introduce the concept of misinformation. |
A.The cognitive trait. | B.The short video. |
C.The personality test. | D.The negative stereotype. |
A.Videos reduce misinformation. | B.Deepfakes may discredit truth. |
C.Misinformation causes dehumanization. | D.Personality tests sharpen thinking skills. |
A.Battling Fake News | B.Deepfakes in Elections |
C.The Spread of Misinformation | D.Expanding Thinking Capacity |
4 . Whether you live in a house, cottage, flat or rented property, we all love and treasure our homes — so protecting your property with a comprehensive home insurance policy should be a priority. But what should you consider when purchasing your next home insurance policy? Here are some key points.
VALUE YOUR VALUABLES
We all take possessions away from the home, including items such as jewelry, mobile phones, tablets, and handbags. When buying home insurance, always discuss this. A policy that provides overseas cover means you can often save money on your travel policy — since you don’t need to insure these items twice.
WATCH OUT FOR WATER
If there’s damage to your property caused by an escape of water, you may have additional costs in removing and replacing any other part of the building while accessing the source of the leak. Trace and access cover is important as it could save you a substantial amount of money should your property develop a leak.
ACCIDENTS HAPPEN
One in four home insurance policies don’t include accidental damage cover. Accidental damage cover is recommended as even the most careful person could accidentally knock their television when decorating or even while cleaning the carpet.
It may surprise you to learn comprehensive home insurance — which includes all the important levels of cover as standard—may not cost as much as you might think. Leading insurance broker Higos Insurance Services recently revealed that 66 percent of their clients have paid less than 240 for their new home insurance policy in 2023.
1. How does overseas cover benefit a client?A.By including travel essentials in it. | B.By enlarging coverage to home repairs. |
C.By avoiding double-insuring valuables. | D.By offering discounts on travel packages. |
A.Property cover. | B.Overseas cover. |
C.Accidental damage cover. | D.Trace and access cover. |
A.Property investors. | B.Travel insurance buyers. |
C.Home insurance seekers. | D.Personal finance enthusiasts. |
5 . 300-Word-Fable Contest 2024
Our domestic annual fable contest is back for its eighth year. As ever, we look forward to reading yours! Listed below are some take-home messages for you!
The Rules:
Please make sure that stories are new, not published before and exactly 300 words long (not including the title). Entries may be used in all print and electronic media. Contributions can become world copyright (版权) of Granta. The judges’ decision is final.
Entry is open only to people living in the UK. It is not open to employees of Granta and all others associated with this contest, their immediate families and relatives living in an employee's household.
Terms and Conditions:
There are three categories-one for adults and two for schools: one for teenagers aged 12-18 and one for children under 12.
In the adults category, the winner will receive £1,000 and two runners-up will each receive £250. In the 12 — 18s and under-12s categories, the winners will each receive a selection of STAEDTLER products worth £150. The two runners-up in both categories will each receive a Kindle E-Reader.
Please submit your fables by 5 pm on February 19.
The editorial team will pick a shortlist of entries, which this year will be published by our partner nicereading. com. Winners of the categories will have an opportunity to write a longer version of their fables for inclusion in the book.
Highlights to keep in mind: the three best fables in each category will be posted on-line at granta.co.uk on February 27. You can vote for your favourite, and the one with the most votes wins the top prize. Voting will close at 5 pm on March 19 and the winning list will be published in our June issue.
1. Who will determine entries to become the world copyright of Granta?A.The judges. | B.The writers. |
C.The experts. | D.The audience. |
A.A British man of 20. | B.A staff of Granta. |
C.One of the organizers. | D.A brother of the staff. |
A.At least eight days. | B.At least one month. |
C.At most one month. | D.At most two months. |
6 . Our old, artificial Christmas tree was in rough shape by the time we retired it. At least a decade had passed since my wife and I bought the tree, a medium-size fake tree with built-in lights, at a Target in Brooklyn and carried it on the subway to our tiny apartment. Over the years, we dragged that tree from apartment, jammed it onto a moving truck to Los Angeles and later packed the weathered box onto another moving truck, this time to Chicago and our current home. By the end, layers of duct tape (强力胶布) held the box together, the wear and tear of a decade of delivering holiday cheer.
Our little tree looked run down, but it was the only tree our family ever knew. It stands proud and glowing in the background of photos of me and my pregnant wife during our last Christmas in Brooklyn without children. Our oldest was born a month later during a January snowstorm. The tree shows up again in the next year’s photos, this time surrounded by holiday gifts for a boy about to turn 1. Then it appears in photos of our son and his 1-month-old brother, this time with California palm trees just outside the door. And in more recent photos, our tree lights up windows overlooking shining Chicago snow. This year, after much debate, we decided to retire our dear old tree, with its bent branches and the lights that had burned out years ago. Rather than feel depressed, we used the moment to launch a new family tradition: our first real Christmas tree.
So here’s a toast to all your family’s traditions—the old and the new. I hope you enjoy this issue, which we have filled with stories of seasonal joy and holiday cheer. Happy holidays!
1. Where is the author’s present home?A.In Chicago. | B.In Brooklyn. | C.In California. | D.In Los Angeles. |
A.His budget was tight. | B.He was attached to it. |
C.It was in good condition. | D.It was environmentally-friendly. |
A.An editor. | B.A salesman. | C.A delivery man. | D.A home designer. |
A.The finest diamond must be cut. |
B.Out with the old, in with the new. |
C.Old friends and old wine are best. |
D.All things in their being are good for something. |
7 . “Why does grandpa have ear hair?” Just a few years ago my child was so curious to know “why” and “how” that we had to cut off her questions five minutes before bedtime. Now a soon-to-be fourth grader, she says that she dislikes school because “it’s not fun to learn.” I am shocked. As a scientist and parent, I have done all to promote a love of learning in my children. Where did I go wrong?
My child’s experience is not unique. Psychologist Susan Engel notes that curiosity — defined as “spontaneous (自发的) investigation and eagerness for new information” — drops greatly in children by the fourth grade.
In Wonder: Childhood and the Lifelong Love of Science, Yale psychologist Frank C. Keil details the development of wonder — a spontaneous passion to explore, discover, and understand. He takes us on a journey from its early development, when wonder drives common sense and scientific reasoning, through the drop-off in wonder that often occurs, to the trap of life in a society that denies wonder.
As Keil notes, children are rich in wonder while they are rapidly developing causal mechanisms (因果机制) in the preschool and early elementary school years. They are sensitive to the others’ knowledge and goals, and they expertly use their desire for questioning. Children’s questions, particularly those about “why” and “how,” support the development of causal mechanisms which can be used to help their day-to-day reasoning.
Unfortunately, as Keil notes, “adults greatly underestimate (低估) young children’s causal mechanisms.” In the book, Wonder, Keil shows that we can support children’s ongoing wonder by playing games with them as partners, encouraging question-asking, and focusing on their abilities to reason and conclude.
A decline in wonder is not unavoidable. Keil reminds us that we can accept wonder as a positive quality that exists in everyone. I value wonder deeply, and Wonder has given me hope by suggesting a future for my children that will remain wonder-full.
1. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage in paragraph 1?A.By listing some statistics. | B.By presenting an explanation. |
C.By making some comparison. | D.By asking some questions. |
A.They annoy their parents too often. |
B.They ask too many strange questions. |
C.Their desire for fun disappears quickly. |
D.Their desire to learn weakens sharply. |
A.They control children’s sensitivity. |
B.They slightly change in early childhood. |
C.They hardly support children’s reasoning. |
D.They develop by children’s questioning. |
A.A news report. | B.A book review. |
C.A research paper. | D.A children’s story. |
8 . Depending on your view, the recorder is an instrument of “incredible functions” or a tool of annoyance that has bothered primary schools for too many generations. But now, it faces extinction, with one of the UK’s top music schools reporting an 80% decline in the number of young people playing it in the last 10 years.
The instrument’s future is so imperiled that the European Recorder Teachers Association is trying to bring it back to life again so it does not leave the stage. The ERTA argues that if the recorder was good enough for the Beatles, it has a place in modern music today.
Tom Redmond, the principal of Chetham’s school of music in Manchester, said only three of its pupils practised the recorder, compared with 15 a decade ago. “More pupils were taking up the piano or other instruments,” said Redmond. “The ones that became really popular are the ones students spend more time playing alone. With the instruments being more socially based, there has been a decline, just like the recorder.”
Redmond also said that this problem extended “beyond the recorder itself” and was a mirror of the future of music. “Like removing any plant or animal from an ecosystem, removing the recorder has a huge chain effect beyond just the instrument. You need these instruments to create the inspiration for music, and without that, there is less excitement to learn music,” he said.
Chris Orton, a recorder tutor and chair of the ERTA, is leading the fight against the instrument’s extinction. He said, “The recorder is increasingly overlooked by students, and yet it has a rich history and incredible attractions. As well as making beautiful sounds, it’s an accessible instrument in that it is low-cost compared to other woodwind instruments, and it’s light and easy to carry.”
1. What does the underlined word “imperiled” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.In danger. | B.Full of hope. | C.Out of memory. | D.Beyond recognition. |
A.Students are less excited to learn it. |
B.Its disadvantages outweigh its advantages. |
C.It requires more cooperation with other instruments. |
D.Students are more likely to play high-end instruments. |
A.Music education is essential for students. |
B.The recorder shapes the future of music. |
C.The recorder plays an important role in music. |
D.Nature is a rich source of inspiration for musicians. |
A.It needs to be improved. | B.It is inconvenient to play. |
C.It is a priority for students. | D.It deserves more attention. |
9 . While we might like to think we would rush to someone’s assistance, we know from studies that often people hang back and this can have tragic consequences.
One of the most famous examples of this is the tragic case of Kitty Genovese who was fatally stabbed (刺伤) in Kew Gardens, New York, in 1964. Subsequent investigations concluded that several people saw or heard what was happening, but did nothing to intervene. This has been termed the “bystander effect” — a well-known psychological phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help to someone when other people are present. The more people there are, the less likely they are to help.
There are various factors contributing to this effect — people think that others will get involved or intervene. Afterwards people often say they did not feel qualified or senior or important enough to be the one to intervene. It is also partly down to “pluralistic (多元化的) ignorance” — since everyone is not reacting to the emergency, they don’t need to either; it’s not serious because no one else is doing anything. After a serious incident where people have been affected by the bystander effect, they are often horrified that they didn’t do anything—they can’t believe they had not realized it was more serious or that they didn’t think to get involved.
The important thing to understand though is that other studies have shown that once people are aware of the bystander effect, they are less likely to be affected by it. Self-awareness is the best approach to it. When confronted with an emergency, think to yourself how you would behave if you were on your own. Ignore everyone else and how they are behaving and go with your courage — if you’d call an ambulance, do it. If you’d run for help, do it. If that’s how you would have behaved when you were on your own, then that’s probably the right course of action.
1. Why does the author mention “the tragic case of Kitty Genovese” in paragraph 2?A.To present a fact. | B.To confirm a finding. |
C.To predict a conclusion. | D.To illustrate an approach. |
A.feel confident to intervene. | B.tend to help people in need. |
C.be well aware of bad consequences. | D.feel shocked after a serious incident. |
A.Think twice. | B.Follow others. |
C.Step in at once. | D.Take action cautiously. |
A.Behave Yourself | B.Don’t Be A Bystander |
C.Action in An Emergency | D.Severity of Bystander Effect |
10 . My mother died of breast cancer when she was merely 50 in 1970. Afterwards, the comment repeated most often was: “You’ll need to be careful for the rest of your life because it may have been passed to you.” In 1994, the first ever breast cancer gene testing arrived. I jumped right to it and tested negative. I’m thankful for the science that has given me this preventive screening (筛查). Good for me, but is it good for everyone?
Here’s the catch. Research on genetic disease has been based mostly on European people, like me. The same went to the mapping of the human genes. The problem is that we know little about how new treatments might work for people of other races. If we diversify patients in clinical trials, we can realize the promise of personalized medicine for everyone, not just white patients. Faced with the unfair phenomena in medical research, what should we do to resolve the problem?
Not only do we need more diverse populations participating in research, but we also need diversity among biomedical researchers and medical professionals to make efforts. That makes research stronger and builds trust with diverse communities. A medical team is working on this now. They are building a diverse next generation of gene editing researchers by teaching high school and community college students from different backgrounds about promising technologies like gene editing to encourage them to become future researchers. This sort of educational outreach can also help to build trust in the medical and research communities. The team leader, John Cooper, PhD, has been outspoken about the current inequalities of delivering new technologies to all people at a fair cost.
Numerous scientists and medical leaders are working to change the situation. While science wasn’t yet far enough along to save my mother, I have harvested the benefits of advanced research and so should we all.
1. What is the function of paragraph 1?A.To explain the cause of her mother’s cancer. | B.To show her concerns over medical inequalities. |
C.To indicate the side effects of genetic testing. | D.To emphasize the progress in the medical field. |
A.A previous study. | B.An urgent appeal. | C.An underlying issue. | D.A workable solution. |
A.Conducting research on genetic diseases. | B.Delivering speeches to interested students. |
C.Building confidence in potential medical researchers. | D.Popularizing technologies in various communities. |
A.Supportive. | B.Dismissive. | C.Opposed. | D.Impartial. |