Shi Yigong, president of Westlake University based in Hangzhou—had some important points to make it when he gave an online open class for middle school students on April 19, until they went to school the following day. Shi is a biologist. He is also the member of the Biophysical Society of China. During his class, Shi advocated his thinking gaining over three decades of scientific research to give the students a single piece of advice; think independent and respect science.

Shi said what independent thinking is lifelong value and respecting science is especially significant. He also said scientific finding and research were fundamental forces shaping and decide the present and future of society. They encouraged students to study science.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

C. V. Raman, one of the greatest Indian     1     (physicist), was born in 1888. His father was a lecturer in math and physics, so C. V. Raman     2     (expose) to scientific things from     3     early age. He attended Presidency College in 1902,     4     (get) his BA in 1904. And later he got MA in 1907.     5     he was a brilliant student, there weren’t many chances for scientists in India at that time. Therefore, after finishing his studies, he went     6     (work) for the Indian Finance Department and carried out his experimental research on acoustics (声学).

He was     7     (eventual) offered a professorship in physics at the University of Calcutta in 1917 and stayed for the next 15 years, achieving fame for his research there. In 1930, he     8     (win) the Nobel Prize for his work on the scattering of light. Raman found when light passes     9     a transparent (透明的) sample of a substance, most of the light remains unchanged but a small part of it has different wavelengths. This later is known as the Raman effect and is     10     (use) for physical and chemical analysis of gases, liquids and solids, including biological tissue.

Thanks to its high yield and brilliant quality, Chinese hybrid rice has been widely introduced to the whole world,     1     benefits more people. China’s hybrid rice technology started many years ago. In 1979, Chinese hybrid rice seeds     2     (provide) to other countries for the first time, and 40 years later, China’s hybrid rice has been planted in dozens of countries in the world.

In the past 40 years, Chinese scientists     3     (devote) to providing assistance to many other countries. China has trained more than 14,000 hybrid rice professionals for more than 80 developing countries through international training courses. This technology has been introduced     4     more and more places in the world so far.

Yuan Longping,     5     expert who cultivated the world’s first high-yield hybrid rice strain, not only earned respect from Chinese people but also the global community. His hybrid rice research has been     6     (large) saving millions of people from hunger. Yuan’s dream was     7     (solve) the global food shortage problem and promote hybrid rice around the world.

    8     China has achieved is a great wonder, feeding nearly one fifth of the world’s population with less than nine percent of the world’s total land. And China is     9     (will) to contribute to global food security and calls for joint efforts to end global hunger and poverty.

It is believed     10     Yuan’s dream will come true one day.

5 . The advancement of human civilization is possible just because of enormous contribution made by scientists. They are one of the most influential people of today’s world. Here is a list of the four great scientists we’ve ever seen who changed the world.

Louis Pasteur (1822—1895)

Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences, developing cures for rabies (狂犬病), anthrax and other infectious diseases. He also invented the process of pasteurization (加热杀菌法) to make milk safer to drink. He probably saved more lives than any other person.

Otto Hahn (1879—1968)

Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclear fission (裂变) in 1939. He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radio-chemistry, and discovered radioactive elements in1921. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944.

Nikola Tesla (1856—1943)

Tesla worked on electromagnetism and AC current. He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission, but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection. He played a key role in the development of modern electricity.

James Clerk Maxwell (1831—1879)

Maxwell made great progress in understanding electro-magnetism. His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum (量子) physics. Einstein said, “The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.”

6 . An 89-year-old man from the American state of Rhode Island has reached a goal he spent 20 years working toward and nearly a lifetime thinking about. He earned his Ph, D. and became a physicist.

Manfred Steiner successfully passed his paper recently at Brown University in Providence. Steiner values this degree because it is what he always wanted, and because he overcame health problems that could have affected his studies to get it.

As a young person in Vienna, Austria, Steiner wanted to become a physicist after reading about Albert Einstein. But after World War I, his mother and uncle told him that studying medicine would be a better choice. He earned his medical degree in 1955 and moved to the United States soon after. In America, he had a wonderful career studying blood. Then he became a full professor and led the hematology (血液学) department at Brown’s medical school from 1985 to 1994. Steiner helped set up, a research program in hematology at the University of North Carolina. He directed that program until he retired from medicine in 2000 and returned to Rhode Island.

Steiner found medical research pleasing, but it was not quite the same as his interest in physics. At age 70, he started taking undergraduate classes. He was planning to just take a few classes that interested him. But by 2007, he had managed to join the doctoral program.

Physics professor Brad Marston was surprised when Steiner entered his class. But the professor soon realized how serious Steiner was about the subject and how hard he worked. “He has written many papers in medical science, more papers than I’ve written in physics. He already had a scientific way of thinking that younger students have to develop,” Marston said. Steiner now hopes to help the professors he befriended during his studies with their research.

Albert Einstein, the genius behind the theory of relativity, has     1     (recent) been making headlines again.     2    , this time it is not for a new scientific breakthrough, but for a handwritten note he gave a messenger 95 years ago.

In October 1922, Einstein was delivering a series of     3     (lecture) in Japan when he received a telegram     4     (inform) him that he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. Though pleased with the news, the Nobel winner decided to continue with his Japanese trip instead of heading to Stockholm to accept the honor.

While in Tokyo, he wrote a note in German, saying, “A quiet and peaceful life will bring more happiness     5     the pursuit of success…” Perhaps he had no loose change to tip a messenger     6     came to deliver the message, so he gave him the note, and told him, “Maybe if you are     7     (luck), the note will become more valuable than just a regular tip.”

Earlier this year, the messenger’s nephew decided     8     (hand) it to Jerusalem-based Winner’s Auctions (拍卖) and Exhibitions. The note     9     (put) up for auction, which might bring the     10     (own) a surprising $1.56 million from a European buyer. It was a record for an auction of a document in Israel and the wild-haired scientist deserved it.

10 . Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.

Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.

Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities (设备) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.

In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.

Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity (辐射能). Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.