1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A group of 10 high-profile figures and common citizens gifted with wisdom, bravery and determination, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Yang Zhenning included,     1     (honor) as inspiration-al role models in this year’s Touching China awards announced by China Central Television on Thursday this March.

Yang Zhenning, a     2     (respect) Nobel Prize-winning physicist, became the first Chinese-American scientist to return to China after the US just lifted the ban on     3     (visit) to China in 1971. Yang also sponsored a number of Chinese scholars so they could have opportunities     4     (further) their studies in the US.

Another nominee was Su Bingtian, the first Chinese athlete     5     competed in the men’s 100-meter sprint final at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. At     6     age of 32, he shocked the world by finishing first in his group     7     a time of 9.83 seconds on the semi- final.

This year’s Touching China awards also focused on China’s space community for opening new horizons in the starry ocean of the cosmos,     8     (include) building China’s own space station, Tianwen-1, and the exploration of Mars.

In 2021, the war epic film, The Battle at Lake Changjin,     9     (take) the Chinese audiences to the site of a battle during the War to Resist the US Aggression and Aid Korea. Moviegoers learned about Zhu Yanfu, the only     10     (survive) of the battle and one of the winners for this year’s Touching China awards.

2 . Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do. Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done.     1     But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. It is because our life is complicated and tough. And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must     2    . We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.

What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little.     3     It is only for his undefeated perseverance that’ we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries.

    4     He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.

All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.     5     If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful nation in the near future.

A．Every action has its reaction.

B．It is a unique precondition to success in life.

C．In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.

D．Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.

E．Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance.

F．The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.

G．He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.

4 . The daughter of a romantic poet and occasional freedom fighter, Ada Lovelace had a famous but absent father. She never knew Lord Byron, as just weeks after her birth in 1815, he divorced her mother Isabella Milbanke Byron and left to fight in the Greek War of Independence. In an effort to prevent Ada from developing her father’s unpredictable temper, Isabella decided that her daughter should devote her life to study.

Ada studied hard despite the fact that society did not encourage women pursuing interests in science. Her life changed when she met inventor Charles Babbage at a party. As he demonstrated a working section of his mechanical calculator, Ada was taken in by how it worked and wanted to know more. Impressed by the 17-year-old’s obvious passion, Babbage became her tutor. Ada married in 1835 and became a mother, but she continued to take an active interest in study, socialising in intellectual circles with the likes of Charles Dickens and Michael Faraday.

Ada stayed in contact with Babbage, who in 1837 had proposed a new machine, the analytical engine. In 1843, Ada was asked to translate a French text written by engineer Luigi Menabrea about Babbage’s new design. After completing the translation, Ada was encouraged by Babbage to write her own notes on his work.

After nine months of hard work, Ada presented Babbage with a detailed list of notes that was three times longer than the original article. In her calculations, Ada wrote what are considered the first ever computer algorithms to be used in a new type of machine. She essentially provided the first ideas for computer programming in what was a groundbreaking proposal on the potential of computers.

Ada died of cancer aged only 36 and her work was largely recognised until the 1950s when her notes were republished. In 1979 the US Department of Defence named a programming language ‘Ada’ in her honour.

1. What can we learn about Ada from the first paragraph?

A．She had a devoted father.	B．Her mother raised her up alone.
C．She had an unpredictable temper.	D．Her parents divorced before her birth.

2. Who aroused her interest in mathematics and computer engineering?

A．Charles Dickens.	B．Michael Faraday.
C．Luigi Menabrea.	D．Charles Babbage.

3. Which words can best describe Ada?

A．Modest and outgoing.	B．Talented and diligent.
C．Generous and considerate.	D．Determined and independent.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Ada’s notes were published only once.

B．Ada named a programming language after herself.

C．Ada earned a reputation nearly a century after her death.

D．Ada’s work was largely recognized when she was alive.

8 . Gerty Cori, the first American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, was born Gerty Theresa Radnitz in Prague in 1896. Gerty decided at the age of sixteen to study medicine. She entered the Realgymnasium at Tetschen, from which she graduated in 1914, and then went to the Medical School of the German University of Prague. While in medical school, Gerty met Carl Cori, a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research. In 1920, the two published the results of their first joint research, received their medical degrees, and married each other.

Gerty’s first research position was as an assistant in the Karolinen Children’s Hospital in Vienna. In 1922, Carl Cori moved to the United States to join the staff of the New York State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases in Buffalo, New York. Gerty Cori moved a few months later, starting as an assistant pathologist ( 病理学家) at the Institute and later rising to an assistant biochemist. In 1928, the Coris became US citizens.

In 1931, Carl Cori accepted the position of chairman of the Department of Pharmacology of the Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM), while Gerty Cori was hired as a research fellow. In the early 1940s the Coris moved to the Department of Biological Chemistry. Gerty Cori was made an associate ( 副) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943. She was elevated to the rank ( 级别) of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947, the same year she and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on the metabolism of glycogen (糖代谢).

In 1947, Gerty Cori began showing the signs of myelofibrosis, an unusual blood disease. She fought the disease for ten years, refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life. Gerty Cori died on October 26, 1957.

1. What can we learn about Gerty’s husband?

A．He shared the same interests with Gerty.

B．He moved to the USA later than Gerty.

C．He married Gerty while in medical school.

D．He studied pathology under the influence of Gerty.

2. Which of the following is the correct order of the events in Gerty’s life?
a. She moved to the USA.   
b. She won the Nobel Prize.
c. She met her husband Carl.   
d. She got a job in the WUSM.
e. She received her medical degree.

A．e, a, c, b, d	B．c, e, a, d, b
C．e, c, a, d, b	D．c, a, e, b, d

3. What does the underlined word “elevated” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Adapted.

B．Defeated.

C．Promoted.

D．Committed.

4. What can we infer about Gerty from the last paragraph?

A．She was satisfied with her later life.	B．She was in poor health all her life.
C．She died of a common disease.	D．She was very mentally strong.

10 . George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Obio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and on. However, it was supplemented (增补) by intense home study so that by 1892. he was teaching in a public school, and later attending Antioch College.

In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.

He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel’s example, Shull obtained purebred (纯种的) lines of corn through self-pollination (自花受粉). The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.

In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.

Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.

1. What does the underlined part “off and on” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Not surprisingly.

B．Very formally.

C．Very excellently.

D．Not regularly.

2. What’s paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．George Shull’s contributions.	B．George Shull’s research
C．George Shull’s work experience.	D．George Shull’s education.

3. What was so special about Shull’s method of corn breeding?

A．It completely relied on self-pollination.	B．It was first published in Genetics.
C．It was widely accepted in Ohio.	D．It focused on crossing pure-bred lines.

4. How does the author mainly develop the text?

A．By giving examples.	B．By following time order.
C．By making comparisons.	D．By presenting a scientific study.