1 . Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive(互相排斥)career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging(再现)among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.
“Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.
Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice(伤害)to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says.
That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says.
Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share.
1. What is the purpose of mentioning the celebrities in paragraph 1?A.To display they were talented. |
B.To confirm they were out of favor. |
C.To encourage different career paths. |
D.To show poetry and science can be combined. |
A.Promote a new science-poetry journal. |
B.Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. |
C.Encourage science communication through poems. |
D.Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. |
A.Conventional. | B.Effective. | C.Innovative. | D.Complex. |
A.Scientists Take on Poetry |
B.Scientists and Poets Think Alike |
C.Poetry: A Great Tool to Question the World |
D.Science Communication: A Two-way Dialogue |
2 . For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript(手稿)consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.
The author's intention remains as mysterious(神秘)as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.
Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen(工匠)who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus.
The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.
Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.
Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering(修补), as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.
If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.
1. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?A.Confused about the technical terms. |
B.Impressed with its detailed instructions. |
C.Discouraged by its complex structure. |
D.Shocked for her own lack of hand skills. |
A.restore old workshops | B.understand the craftsmen |
C.improve visual effects | D.inspire the philosophers |
A.To reveal the beauty of ancient objects. |
B.To present the findings of old science. |
C.To highlight the importance of antiques. |
D.To emphasise the values of hand skills. |
A.Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists |
B.Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories |
C.Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists |
D.Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science |
To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from
After over a decade of field research, Li
Since its first publication in 1596, the book
Today, there are a
When Lin Zhanxi first introduced mushroom cultivation(培育) to the Gobi Desert residents of Ningxia, he didn’t expect such a phenomenal success.
In the 1980s, as a professor at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin experimented with grass instead of logs to grow mushrooms because logs weren’t
When juncao was made a key project in the pairing-off cooperation between Fujian and Ningxia in 1997, Lin advocated
The success made juncao
“I feel I have a new mission
A group of 10 high-profile figures and common citizens gifted with wisdom, bravery and determination, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Yang Zhenning included,
Yang Zhenning, a
Another nominee was Su Bingtian, the first Chinese athlete
This year’s Touching China awards also focused on China’s space community for opening new horizons in the starry ocean of the cosmos,
In 2021, the war epic film, The Battle at Lake Changjin,
6 . Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do. Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done.
What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little.
All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.
A.Every action has its reaction. |
B.It is a unique precondition to success in life. |
C.In human life, perseverance plays a very important role. |
D.Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us. |
E.Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance. |
F.The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy. |
G.He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance. |
7 . Song Yingxing was a Chinese scientist and encyclopedist (百科全书编纂者) who lived during the late Ming Dynasty. The British biochemist and historian Joseph Needham called him “The Diderot of China”.
Song Yingxing was born in Fengxin county in Jiangxi province in 1587. He took part in the second highest imperial (科学) examinations in Beijing six times, but failed to become a jinshi. After that, he decided to give up taking exams and turned to the practical knowledge of natural science. Then Song Yingxing spent four years teaching his students in his hometown.
Although it was a job like teaching, it was a very important stage in Song Yingxing’s life, because many of his works were written here. And Song Yingxing had been living in a secluded (隐居的) life in the past ten years. Because he didn’t want to be an official, Song Yingxing lived a very poor life in his later years.
He was the author of Tian Gong Kai Wu, an encyclopedia that covered a wide variety of technical subjects. As Joseph Needham has observed, the vast amount of accurately drawn illustrations in this encyclopedia dwarfed the amount provided in previous Chinese encyclopedias, making it a valuable written work in the history of Chinese literature. Tian Gong Kai Wu records all aspects of technology up to the mid-Ming period. The book constitutes a complete system of science and technology, and provides a systematic summary of ancient Chinese technology, the experience accumulated by China in agriculture, and China’s achievements in technology.
Many of the production techniques described in the book are still in use today. At the same time, Tian Gong Kai Wu broke from Chinese tradition by rarely referencing previous written work. It was instead written in a style strongly suggestive of personal experience. The book was translated into Japanese, French, English, German, Italian, and Russian, and was widely circulated in Europe and Japan.
In addition, Song Yingxing had made great achievements in many fields. His research was very extensive. In physics, he studied the occurrence of sound and, finally concluded that sound is transmitted in the air.
1. What can we learn about Song Yingxing from the text?A.He adjusted the direction of life. | B.He dreamed to be a great scientist. |
C.He received a science education. | D.He passed imperial examinations. |
A.Busy but satisfactory. | B.Significant and rewarding. |
C.Comfortable but worthless. | D.Challenging and intolerant. |
A.Make something seem smaller. | B.Apply something to practice. |
C.Provide evidence of something. | D.Take advantage of something. |
A.It provided abundant first-hand experience. | B.It was written in multiple foreign languages. |
C.It focused merely on agricultural technology. | D.It largely referenced previous encyclopedias. |
Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, who have been working for decades
They published their work in 2005 and their discovery
Karikó had to overcome even bigger
The first prize in the category was awarded in 1901. Of the 227 people
9 . Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in heliospheric(日球层的) physics for the past half century, passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar. 15. He was 94.
Hailed(誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.
Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”, a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun. It can become violent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空), and was thus completely empty of any matter. But, there were no errors in his study or his calculations, and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers: “If you do something new or innovative, expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong, you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students, thus urging them to be independent.
Parker was humble, straightforward, and wise. His son Eric said, “My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death, they traveled to Lund, Sweden, to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy.
1. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A.A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker. |
B.The sun has less effects on Earth than expected. |
C.Parker deserved credit for his great contributions. |
D.NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect. |
A.It went against the popular opinion at that time. |
B.Some mistakes were found in his calculations. |
C.The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA. |
D.Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets. |
A.seek close cooperation | B.avoid high expectations |
C.learn by trial and error | D.compete against others |
A.straightforward and generous | B.responsible and accessible |
C.intelligent yet conservative | D.distinguished yet modest |
10 . A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer. At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge, standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS).
Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not only affordable, but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer. In Bekele’s own words, “Curing cancer, one bar of soap at a time. ”He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his inspiration, Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking. Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure.
“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media. He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle, a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans.
During his presentation, Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope, accessibility, and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all.”
Over the coming five years, Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
1. What made Bekele an instant hit?A.Starting a soap fashion. | B.Overcoming skin cancer. |
C.Being the youngest scientist. | D.Creating a soap against skin cancer. |
A.His concern for others. | B.His adventure in childhood. |
C.His enthusiasm for technology. | D.His interest in medical knowledge. |
A.Obtain official approval. | B.Visit undeveloped areas. |
C.Increase the availability of the soap. | D.Update the facilities of production. |
A.Inspiring and modest. | B.Humorous and positive. |
C.Creative and considerate. | D.Curious and independent. |