It is said that the Chinese character. Nuo     1     (original) meant a patterned step to drive away bad things．Later, Nuo Opera turned into a dance.

Originating in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, Nuo Opera is an old Chinese opera rooted in totem（图腾）worship. In the ages     2     humans had little understanding of nature, Nuo     3     ( be) once the most powerful and respected ceremony for     4    （oppose）natural disasters and diseases.

Nuo Opera is mainly based on historic stories where the     5     (figure) wear unique masks of the opera. Nuo Opera’s masks     6    (make) out of quality wood from two kinds of trees are the core of the opera. Although the truth is that not enough importance     7     ( attach) to Nuo Opera in some parts of China, it is still an     8     (impress) folk art. However, Nuo Opera’s former glory can hardly be restored today. Nuo Opera faces great difficulties in developing successors and financing.

Generations of inheritors of the art form stress that the reason     9     preserving Nuo Opera is that they can preserve a living fossil from a cultural context.     10     heritage cannot possibly live for another 200 years if we let it be consumed by modern life and do nothing.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The sweet smell of the traditional Chinese cooking filled the air at the Global Cafe at the Florida State University Center for Global Engagement. Global Cafe is a student-centered program     1     (design) to increase awareness and appreciation of the cultural     2     (diverse) on campus. For student organizations who volunteer their time to help prepare, cook and serve the food, it     3     (consider) as a means to raise fund.

“Global Cafe is an opportunity to spend a     4     (cultural) enriching lunch hour eating food, listening to music and meeting students coming     5     the featured culture,” said a diner. “The Global Cafe crafted an authentic menu     6     (provide) an experience of Chinese food culture.”

For $10, attendees received a plate of typical traditional Chinese food. For the last ten months since its opening, Jesse, professional chef of the cafe,     7     (work) closely with students to develop international menus that represent their cultural heritage. These menus should be cost-effective, relatively easy to prepare and can serve up to 200 people. “My goal is to channel their passion to share and excitement for their cultural foods into a thrilling experience,     8     you wouldn’t find elsewhere,” he said.

Terrence Dao, manager of the cafe, helped create the menus and prepare the food. “I’m just an     9     (occasion) helper in the kitchen and don’t cook often, but it’s interesting to see the process,” he said. “Food is a very important part of Chinese culture, so this is     10     great way for people to come together and learn about our culture.”

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jingdezhen,     1     (know) as China’s “porcelain capital”, gave the country not only centuries of great international influence, but also     2     (it) English name “china”. The word “china” was actually the transliteration (音译) of Changnan, an ancient name of     3     Chinese porcelain capital from where the Europeans imported a lot of porcelain     4     was first called “white gold”.     5     (eventual), they took to calling the whole country by porcelain’s name, China.

Jingdezhen began to produce porcelain as early as the 6th century AD, and it witnessed rapid increase     6     production during the Song Dynasty. It was in 1004     7     the Song Emperor Zhenzong renamed the town as Jingdezhen according to his reign name (年号) and demanded that all imperial porcelain in the country     8     (make) in Jingdezhen. However, because of excessive production during this period, the white clay in Jingdezhen was soon exhausted.

But luckily, a new type of clay was discovered in Jingdezhen’s surrounding     9     (area) in the early Yuan dynasty. This new clay is called Kaolin clay     10     (feature) high density and it can stand temperatures as high as 1, 300 degrees Celsius during firing, making the porcelain “as white and smooth as jade and as thin as a piece of paper, and able to produce a crisp sound as a chime”.

There is a Chinese story of an old man in his 90s working with his family to remove mountains to connect the outside world     1     others’ doubts. The story has inspired the Chinese to unite and overcome difficulty with     2     (determine) and hard work.

The story became a reality in Lin County, Henan Province in the 1960s. A 1,500-kilometer-long waterway along the cliffs (悬崖) of the Taihang Mountains     3     (build) by the local people within 10 years, bringing precious water from the Zhanghe River in the bordering Shanxi Province to the drought-hit area.

Initially, finding drinking water was     4     headache for residents: People had to fetch water from five kilometers away every day.     5     (ease) this area’s water shortages, the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains,    6    construction was a remarkable engineering achievement.

People tied ropes around their waists and     7     (hang) off cliffs, drilling holes in rock, and then dug canals with simple tools. From February 1960 to July 1969, they leveled 1,250 mountain tops and dug 211 tunnels (隧道),    8     (remove) 22.25 million cubic meters of earth and rocks.

Their efforts gained multiple     9     (benefit). It was the canal that     10       (dramatic) changed the life of the local people, irrigating (灌溉) 36,000 hectares of land and solving water supply difficulties to some 567,000 people. Their deeds have been hailed (称颂) as the “spirit of the Red Flag Canal.”

The Analects of Confucius (《论语》) records the words and deeds of the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius,     1     (write) somewhere between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago. It     2     (highlight) the political and moral ideas of Confucius and Confucianism.

Ren is a core concept in the book adopted by Confucius with original meaning of loving others.     3     (represent) a high moral standard, it includes all virtues. Confucius stresses that self-discipline is     4     must for practicing the rules of propriety (礼) and achieving ren.

Society has developed greatly and huge changes     5     (occur) as well after the birth of the Analects of Confucius. Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of     6     are still relevant today. For example, Confucius analyzes the relationship between learning and thinking by saying that learning without thinking leads to confusion while thinking without learning ends in puzzlement. Besides, the Analects of Confucius also     7     (vivid) shows the images of Confucius’s students. Zi Lu is straightforward, Zi Gong is smart, and Yan Hui is mild and capable. Confucius insists on treating students     8     individuals to achieve full potential, which is     9     (consist)with some of the modern educational thoughts.

The Analects of Confucius is a fine example of world literature, and the publication of its     10     (version) in various languages will further enhance cultural exchanges between China and the world.

Jingdezhen, known as the “Porcelain Capital (瓷都)” of China, has a history of more than 2,000 years and a magnificent culture.     1     (locate) on the south of the Yangtze, between the Huangshan Mountain range and the plains of Poyang Lake, it is regarded as one of the four famous towns     2     Chinese history.

Endowed(赋予) by nature with a network of rivers, hills and adequate sunshine, sufficient rainfall and obvious distinctions between the four seasons, the city gained its reputation for producing fine porcelain     3     (date) back to the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Song Dynasty the Jingdezhen workshop was assigned     4     (produce) porcelain for the imperial court. The porcelain of Jingdezhen has beautiful shapes, various types, rich     5    (decorate) and unique styles. It is     6     (global) famous for its color as white jade, brightness as bright mirror, thinness as paper and sound as music. Qinghua Porcelain, Linglong Porcelain, Fencai Porcelain and Seyou Porcelain altogether     7     (call) Four Traditionally Famous Porcelains in Jingdezhen.

As the most busy and bustling street in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,     8     Ancient Porcelain Street in the middle of the city is now     9     (fame) for its long history and beautiful traditions that come from its ancient culture. It is composed of three parts, each of     10     fully reflects its prosperous past.

In China, 2024 is the Year of the Dragon, or “loong,” as is known in Chinese. This creature appears on many cultural artifacts     1     (pass) down through Chinese history.

Unlike Western dragons,     2     are often depicted as aggressive, fire-breathing, flying lizards, Chinese loongs     3     (traditional) symbolize strong and favourable powers. In Chinese mythology ( 神 话 ), the loong is credited with ensuring a good harvest. The unique appearance of the Chinese loong distinguishes it    4     its Western counterparts.

For thousands of years, the Chinese have respected the loong,     5     (believe) that they can bring harmony and prosperity. According to Chinese mythology, the Yan Emperor’s mother had seen a loong just before she was pregnant and soon the Yan Emperor       6       (bear). So the Chinese regard the Yan Emperor as their forefather, and they sometimes refer to     7       (they) as “descendants of the loong (龙的传人).”

At a historical site in Liaoning Province, a stone sculpture of a loong was discovered in 1994.       8       (measure) 19.70 meters in length, the sculpture       9       (date) back to more than 7,600 years ago. The idiom “龙年大吉” means “good luck in the year of the loong.” We wish all of us       10       happy and lucky Chinese New Year!