Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven, while the other end is square which symbolizes earth.This is because keeping enough food is
It is important to note that chopsticks are used in many different cultures and there is no single standard for the use of chopsticks. Here are some customs
In Chinese, “chopsticks” reads “kuai zi”, which means “to have sons soon,” so a newly-married couple will be very happy to accept chopsticks as
2 . People often talk about cultural differences between western and eastern countries, but how about the western world itself? Surprisingly, a closer look at it can reveal a good many curious details.
The most obvious characteristic of the majority of Americans is that they smile a lot. It does not matter whether they have a strong reason to smile; they do it, sometimes simply because they have to. A smile is not just a powerful marketing tool but also a way to show that someone is friendly, and that life in general is fine. Europeans, on the contrary, prefer to keep a more neutral (不露声色的) facial expression. They smile mostly when they are in a good mood, or feel amused; if not, a European’s face will remain neutral, or even dull. In Russia, for example, there is a proverb saying that laughing for no reason is a sign of a fool. It does not mean that Europeans are serious, or that they do not have a sense of humor.
The same refers to communication in general. Americans are extremely communicative; small talk and chats are common. Europeans talk mostly when there is something to say, and rarely enter communication just for the purpose of talking to other people. American people prefer to express what they think carefully, considering how it might affect surrounding people. Europeans are more straightforward, even with unfamiliar people. A European friend will almost always voice their opinion on different occasions, and will not hesitate to remind you that you need to lose some weight or take a shower.
It can be said that Americans are people of contrasts. They are open-minded, flexible, and ready to accept everything new enthusiastically; but at the same time, American society manages to bring up unbelievable conservatives. Americans are extremely politically correct, which, in most cases, is indeed a secure and beneficial practice, but it can also mess up daily or even private communication, sometimes preventing having close relationships. Europeans, on the contrary, are more straightforward, preferring to tell the truth in direct ways. Each way of communication is different — neither is correct or incorrect.
1. What does the author say about smiling?| A．It is culture-related within western countries. |
| B．It is a powerful marketing tool across cultures. |
| C．It is thought of as a sign of a fool in America. |
| D．It is regarded as being socially necessary in Europe. |
| A．Beating around the bush. | B．Having small talk and chats. |
| C．Hiding their feelings carefully. | D．Expressing themselves openly. |
| A．Being straightforward. | B．Being politically correct. |
| C．Accepting everything new. | D．Raising unbelievable conservatives. |
| A．By analyzing cause and effect. | B．By making comparisons. |
| C．By classifying body language. | D．By discussing research findings. |
1.你认为最能代表中国文化的是什么？请说明理由；
2.我们应该如何更好地推广中国文化？ (至少两点)
3.词数保持在110即可。
Dear Peter,
I am pleased to receive your letter.
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Yours,
Li Hua
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写上修改后的词。
注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Thursday was the day where I paid a visit for the museum of tea together with some foreign students and showed them around there.
I led them to look through the relics about tea at the exhibition in beginning. They were curious about the stories behind those old mysteriously things. Then I showed them what to make tea. All of them learned carefully and one of them even took out his camera to make a record of every step. Had watched for some time, they tried making tea by themselves. At the end of the activity, we had a photo was taken together. Exhausted and delighted they expressed their gratefulness to me for my detailed explain.
The activity impressed me deeply because it not only helped me improve my skills of communication but also allow me to know more about our traditional culture that day. I enjoyed it very much.
5 . Have you ever been asked by your Chinese friend, “What is your zodiac sign?” If you say “I’m a Pig.” they immediately know you are either 24, 36, 48 or 60 years old. Askiing a zodiac sign is a polite way of asking your age. By showing your zodiac sign, you are also being evaluated. Maybe you don’t believe in the Chinese zodiac. However, as a quarter of the world population is fluenced by it, you’d be wise to do something about that.
Zodiac sign is a 12-year cycle marked with animals, starting with a Rat and ending with a Pig. For example, if you were born in 2000, you are a Dragon. If you were born in 2001, you are a Snake. If you were born in 2002, you are a Horse.
Over thousands of years, zodiac sign has affected the Chinese’s major decisions, some of which are quite amazing. In romantic relations, a Pig girl may believe in a perfect romance with Tigers, Goats and Rabbits. while Snakes supposed to be their natural enemies. Chinese. parents also try to avoid having babies with certain zodiac signs. That’s why January, 2015, the last month for the Year of the Horse saw a common choice of cesarean section (剖腹产) ahead of the expected date of childbirth. It’ s not because they like Horses so much, but because babies born next month were Goats, which are a zodiac sign not favored by Chinese parents. Tiger is another undesirable animal, due to its agressiveness. Many Chinese regions saw a sharp decline of birthrate during those years.
Although the belief and tradition of the zodiac sign have been over thousands of years, the trend of using it in making major decisions did not really exist until the past few decades. As China plays such an important role in the global economy and geopolitics, the decisions made based on the zodiac and other Chinese traditions end up influencing more people around the world.
1. Who is the passage most likely written for?| A．A Chinese. | B．A foreigner. |
| C．A teacher. | D．A researcher. |
| A．Snake. | B．Dragon. |
| C．Pig. | D．Horse. |
| A．Because the doctors advised them to do so. |
| B．Because it was the expected date of childbirth. |
| C．Because babies bom next month were Gats. |
| D．Because parents wanted babies born in the Year of Horse. |
| A．Chinese parents prefer babies with Horses. |
| B．A Pig girl may believe ina perect romance with Snakes. |
| C．Both Goat and Tiger are not desirable zodiac signs for babies. |
| D．Chinese traditions will have a worldwide influence. |
6 . Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world. They range from the 1960s Nubian campaign to safeguard Ancient Egyptian monuments from the waters of the Aswan Dam to the removal in 2018 of the Belize Barrier Reef from the List of World Heritage in Danger. Conservation is the core purpose of the World Heritage Convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.
The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable (可持续性) development. A year after Vienna was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee (WHC) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four planned towers of the Wien-Mitte project. This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site’s buffer zone, the one that lies between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale (规模) and visual effects in and around the property (地产). As a result of the Committee’s concerns, Vienna changed its building codes and launched a new design competition for the Wien-Mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World Heritage protection.
The successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600 experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on World Heritage and contemporary architecture, held in Vienna in May 2005. The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.
The Recommendation put forwards an all-rounded and combined approach to balancing urban heritage (遗产) conservation and economic development, arguing that active protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable development.
The Recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history, memory and the environment.
1. Why does the author mention the Belize Barrier Reef in Paragraph 1?| A．To explain the goal of the organization. |
| B．To encourage the public to protect the world. |
| C．To show the positive effect of conservation. |
| D．To remind people of the environmental problems. |
| A．It took up too much public land of the city. |
| B．It had a bad effect on the Historic Centre of Vienna. |
| C．Its original designs were not environmentally friendly. |
| D．Its architectural solutions couldn’t meet safety standards. |
| A．The ways to combine conservation and development. |
| B．The creation of the new UNESCO Recommendation. |
| C．The international urban management and development. |
| D．The styles of the contemporary architecture of Vienna. |
| A．To examine the challenges faced by global urban planners. |
| B．To introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment. |
| C．To stress the importance of the value of history and memory. |
| D．To promote active conservation and sustainable development. |
要点提示:1.运动健身;2.学习乐器;3学做家务;4.社区服务;5.外出旅行。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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8 . “What are you?” they ask. “Guess,” I say. Some suggest I have Japanese eyes. Others think I’m Filipino, maybe Indian. Few guess the truth: I am Mexican American. But it’s not like I’ve ever worn that name alone. I’m part of a younger generation of Americans whose identity is shaped neither by where we came from nor where we ended up.
My parents know the California immigrant experience first-hand. They grew up picking fruit in the San Joaquin Valley, knowing what it was to be poor, but also knowing what it was to be Mexican. Wanting a better life for their children, they went to college and got professional jobs. By the time I was born, they were fully accepted into the middle class. I grew up in the racially mixed zones of Sacramento, and when my parents talked of their years in the fields it was hard to connect those stories to where we found ourselves now.
By the time I reached my teens, difference had announced itself. We were all struggling for a sense of individuality, looking everywhere but where we came from. Identity became goods. Wearing certain clothes and liking certain kinds of music created social categories.
I became a junkman, sorting through the ruins of pop culture past looking for the pieces of myself. In love with the Beatles, I linked myself to England. Fascinated by Japanese cartoon, I took language classes at the local Buddhist temple.
I grew up American to a fault, rarely considering my own people’s culture and humanity. I left Sacramento and moved to San Francisco’s Mission District to put myself together again. There I first saw my people living in a separate community that had its own language, one I’d never learned. My brown face led people to ask me for directions in Spanish. I could only respond with a universally understood shrug.
“This is what I am,” I said to myself, looking at a street full of newly arrived immigrants. No, that wasn’t quite it. I corrected myself: “This is where I come from.”
Is it tragic that I grew up far from my mother culture, discovering it so late in life? I prefer to think that my American upbringing has taught me to apply insights from many different cultures to my everyday life. I am a product not just of Mexico or the U.S. but of the world as a whole.
1. Where does the writer grow up?| A．In Sacramento. | B．In a Mexico town. |
| C．In the San Joaquin Valley. | D．In San Francisco’s Mission District. |
| A．To promote mother culture. | B．To adapt to new surroundings. |
| C．To clearly express individuality. | D．To learn from different cultures. |
| A．liked to play sports | B．wanted to learn Spanish |
| C．was interested in different cultures | D．did not like living in San Francisco |
| A．the growing pains of immigrants | B．the culture differences in America |
| C．the author’s exploration of his identity | D．the problems of immigrants in America |
9 . The siesta competition took place in a supermarket, with plenty of shoppers, screaming babies, talking voices, and footsteps to take the competitors’ attention away from their after lunch sleeps.
Five bright blue sofas were laid out, and five competitors at a time were allowed to take a 20-minute sleep. A doctor measured their pulse to time how long they actually spent on asleep. Competitors earned extra points for snoring (打鼾),sleeping in strange positions, or wearing silly pajamas (睡衣).The winners of each round advance to the next stage in the competition.
It’s amazing that any of those people would fall asleep in the middle of such a busy place, while on couches that they are not used to. Yet, many of them did. They hugged pillows or soft toy bears. They covered their eyes with sleep masks, too. Whatever it took to help them fall asleep fast and stay asleep.
The siesta is a tradition in Spain that many feel is becoming forgotten. It used to be that people would take a brief nap after lunch every day. This would energize them, and keep them going for the rest of the day. Not to mention the health benefits of a good nap. But, that’s all changing. People are too busy making money or watching gossip shows on TV after lunch to care about taking a nap.
The National Association of Friends of the Siesta wants to bring Spain back to their traditional roots. They are doing this by having the siesta competition. They set up the competition to reward the best sleepers with money. Actually, they were paid to sleep.
There are really health benefits to a midday nap. We could all learn from this tradition. It’s a much better way to get more energy than drinking a cup of coffee. It is also believed that a nap, and in fact a good night’s sleep, can help reduce heart disease. The more rested we are, the less stress we feel with day-to-day life.
1. The underlined word “ siesta ” here probably means“ _____ ”| A．oversleep | B．night sleep |
| C．a short sleep after supper | D．a short sleep after lunch |
| A．In a noisy place. | B．In a quiet place. |
| C．In a comfortable place. | D．In a familiar place. |
| A．have their own beds | B．use nothing to cover their eyes |
| C．have doctors to help them | D．use something to help them sleep |
| A．know if people still know the traditional habit |
| B．call on people to have their traditional habit |
| C．do some research on how people sleep |
| D．give people money in this way |
Cold Food Day, which honors Jiezitui, a hermit (隐士）who lived some 2600 years ago，used to be observed
Jiezitui served
So Jie Zitui chose the life of a hermit on Mt. Mian, where he took care of his elderly mother. Chong’er’s men set fires on Mt. Mian to drive him out of
