2 . Wang Dewen, known as “Grandpa Amu” online, is a 63-year-old man. He has skills beyond the _______ of ordinary people and creates woodwork with nothing _______ a single piece of wood. He has brilliant traditional carpentry (木工) skills, _______ first-time viewers online with his woodwork.

The Chinese carpenter has been _______ Lu Ban in modern times. His most _______ video — making a wooden arch bridge, has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, _______ more than 42 million views! Grandpa Amu _______ ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯) structures in his work, a technique _______ used in traditional Chinese architecture and furniture. The entire _______ of building the arch bridge involves no nails or glue. A man ________ under the video, “A block of wood is ________ into a great work of art. You’re not a carpenter; you’re an ________.”

He has become a real ________ on overseas social platforms — so far attracting millions of fans overseas.____________, Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity but just an ________ farmer. He has used his extraordinary skills mostly to ________ his young grandson, making all kinds of toys. He is also trying to________ unique Chinese techniques to the world. “We ________ the idea of making the videos because we are ________ to bring our priceless culture to others and make these ancient Chinese technique come to people’s ________,” said Grandpa Amu’s daughter-in-law.

3 . My father , a soldier , was deployed(调度) again . The ukulele I had watched him play was _________ The musical instrument sat there lifeless .

It came as a ________ because we had just moved into the present duty station a few weeks before . It was the fourth time we’d moved to a new place in just two years . Still ,________ was the thing that connected my father with Hawaii , a _______of his home and culture . We learned about our   ancestors   and   family   traditions mostly through his music .

But this time , everything was ________ . We were finally “home” in Hawaii and expected to ________ a place that we’d only heard about in my parents’ stories. We were just arriving, but he was already prepared to leave again, this time without us._______ ,we were surrounded by cousins and aunties who grew up knowing each other and ________ a cultural tradition of which we only knew the surface. We were ________ in the family. The person who made us fit, our father ,was gone. That was when I noticed my father’s ukulele. As I plucked（弹拨） the strings tunelessly , I felt ________ to him and our Hawaiian roots . So I picked up an old song book , and I ________ myself to play . I would play and sing,   as if my father had been here. After my father eventually________ , he bought another ukulele, and we had a mini concert. He was________ that I had learned so much. But what I really gained knowledge of was that music has the________ to do truly extraordinary things ________ us to our culture and each other , our past and our present.

4 . Many western cultures measure their days with the solar calendar. Therefore, they _______ the coming of the New Year on January 1. Cultures in Asia and the Middle East use other calendars and celebrate the New Year at other times. Events and rituals _______ from country to country. But in each place, New Year celebrations are a big _______ .

Most world cultures have been celebrating the New Year for centuries. The earliest New Year celebrations took place during spring or _______ time. With _______weather ahead, or plenty of food to eat in winter, people _______ felt like having a party! As the days became longer and as nature renewed itself, people also felt like they could have a new start. The New Year could bring better fortune, more opportunities and new challenges. Such_______ themes remain the same today.

Some cultures have _______ New Year traditions. Italians throw old things out of their windows at midnight, symbolizing the _______ of the old. Mexicans fire guns into the air to ward off ________. Danes jump off chairs exactly as the clock ________midnight, so they can “jump” into the New Year. Greek children leave their shoes by the fireplace on New Year’s Day. They hope “Santa Claus” will come and fill the shoes with ________. In Vancouver, Canada, some people celebrate the New Year by jumping into the ocean. The weather is freezing cold! As you might expect, most people come to watch the swimmers ________ swim themselves.

London hosts an annual New Year’s Day parade that ________ nearly a million spectators. The largest parade in Europe, it features bands, floats and enormous balloons. These balloons are so huge that they ________ over nearby buildings!

5 . My father, a soldier, was ordered to change his duty station again. His favorite musical instrument—the ukulele I had watched him play each day—was going to be ______ there lifeless.

It came as a ______ because we had just moved into the present duty station a few weeks before. It was the fourth time we'd moved to a ______ place in just two years. Far from his hometown for a long time though, music, a ______ of his home and Hawaii culture, was ______ in the whole life of my father. We learned about our ancestors and family traditions ______ through his music.

But this time, everything was ______. We were finally “home” in Hawaii and expected to ______ a place that we'd only heard about in my parents5 stories. We were just arriving, but he was already prepared to ______ again, this time without us. ______ we were surrounded by cousins and aunties who grew up knowing each other and ______ a cultural tradition of which we only knew one or two. We were ______ in the family, because the person we were only familiar with, our father, was gone. That was when I ______ my father's ukulele. As I plucked (弹拨) the strings tunelessly, I felt ______ to him and our Hawaiian roots. So I picked up an old song book, and I ______ myself to play. I would play and sing, as if my father had been here. After my father eventually ______ he bought another ukulele, and we had a mini concert. He was ______ that I had learned so much. After that, the ______ I really acquired was that music has the ______ to do the extraordinary things ______ us to our culture and each other, our past and our present.

6 . What's the first thing that comes to mind when you think of the word “culture”？ Do you think of different groups of people across the world with various ____and clothing? What about animals?

Sam Williams,executive director of the Macaw(金刚鹦鹉）Recovery Network in Costa Rica, helps to ___the impact of the decline of macaw populations by taking birds that were born____and releasing them into the wild. But this process is very___

＂In a cage,you can't____them to know where,when and how to find that food, or about trees with good nest sites," Williams told ecologist and writer Carl Safina for the Guardian. In the wild, the parents would be the ones to teach them this important __

This type of knowledge is known as cultural knowledge. Cultural knowledge can be___ from the older generation to the newer one. For many species,cultural knowledge is necessary for ___

Culture helps animals to____different habitats.For example,some crows(乌鸦）have learned to put nuts in the middle of the road for cars to drive over. And in other areas, they have learned to do this at intersections so they can____get the food when the cars stop at red lights.

Other important parts of cultural knowledge include things like group identity, using different tools,taking different____routes and using different socializing methods.

These traditions can especially be seen in chimpanzee communities. Cat Hobaiter,who studies chimpanzees in Uganda,said:"It's not just the____of populations of chimps that worries me.I find____the possibility of losing each population's unique culture. That's permanent.”

Culture isn't just for____.Culture is also an important part of life in the wild from using tools to____.

7 . Many of China's ancient architectural treasures crumbled to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were by far the best-known __ to operate in China.Their __ have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.

Becoming China's first architectural historians was no easy____.The buildings they wanted to___ were centuries old, often in shambles and located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through ___conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them.     

___China's outlying areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule, or on foot.This was a(n)____undertaking both for Liang,who walked with a bad limp(跛）after a motorcycle accident as a young man, and Lin,who had a lung disease for years. Inns were often unimaginably dirty,food could be tainted(污染的），and there was always __ of violence from rebels,soldiers and bandits.

Their greatest discovery came on an expedition in 1937 when they dated and extremely____catalogued Foguang Si, or the Temple of Buddha's Light, in Wutai County,Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was____in 857 A.D.,making it the oldest building known in China at the time. (It is now the fourth-oldest known).

Liang and Lin crawled into the temple's most____areas to determine its age, including one aerie inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. Liang wrote of the____in an account included in "Liang and Lin:Partners in Exploring China's Architectural Past," the English-language story of their lives written by Wilma Fairbank,their close friend and correspondent.

＂In complete darkness and amid the___smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths,we measured,drew,and photographed with flashlights for several hours,"Liang wrote."When ___we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our backpack.We ourselves had been badly bitten.Yet the____and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture."

8 . The Double Seventh Festival, also known as the Qixi Festival, is a traditional Chinese festival. Here is a beautiful story _______ it.

Long，long ago, there was a young man named Niulang(Cowherd), One day, he_______a   beautiful girl- Zhinu( Weaver girl)， the Goddess s seventh daughter. She had just run away from the_______ heaven(天国) to look for fun on Earth. Zhini soon_______Niulang, and they got married without telling the Goddess. Niulang worked in the field and Zhinu wove(织布) at home. They_______a happy life and gave birth to a boy and a girl. Unluckily, the Goddess soon found out the fact and_______ Zhinii to return to heaven. After Zhini left， Niulang was _______upset. With the help of his magic cow,Niulang flew to heaven with his children to look for his wife. The Goddess discovered this and was very_______Taking out her hairpin(发簪), the Goddess created a wide river in the sky to separate(分开) the two_______. From then on, Niulang and Zhini had to live________ on the two sides of the river. However,their true love________ all the magpies(喜鹊) in the world, ________once a year tens of thousands of   magpies would fly up to heaven to make a bridge- the bridge of magpies for the couple to meet each other. At last, the Goddess allowed ________ to meet each   other on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month. That's________the Double Seventh Festival started. Today,   it is a great________for Chinese young people to express their love.

9 . Time talks. It speaks more plainly than words. Time_________in many ways.

Consider the different parts of the day, for example. The time of the day when something is done can give a_________meaning to the event. It is not a_________to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day,_________he is probably shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that something is urgent and_________immediate attention.

The same meaning is_________telephone calls made after 11:00 pm. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he may think it is a_________of life or death. The time chosen for the call_________its importance.

In social life, time plays a very_________part. In the United States, guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the_________to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But this is not_________in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far_________because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be _______.

The meaning of time________from place to place in the world._________, misunderstandings often arise between people from different cultures that_________time differently. For example, promptness (及时) is________greatly in American life. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as_________or not fully responsible. In the US, no one would think of keeping a business associate_________for an hour; it would be too rude. A person who is five minutes late is________to make a short apology.

10 . In India, almost all marriages are arranged. Even among the educated middle classes in modern urban India, marriage is as much a concern of the families as it is of the___________. So customary is the practice of_________marriage that there is a special name for it: a "love match".

On my first trip to India, I met many young men and women whose parents were in the process of "getting them married". In many cases, the bride and groom would not meet each other before the marriage. _________they might meet for a brief conversation, and this meeting would take place only after their parents had decided that the match was___________. Parents do not force their children to marry a person who either marriage partner finds unacceptable. But only after one match is refused will another be sought.

As a young American woman in India for the first time, I found this custom of arranged marriage _________How could any intelligent young person _________ to such a marriage without great reluctance? It was_________ to everything I believed about the importance of romantic love as the only basis of a happy marriage.   It was also in conflict with my strongly held beliefs that the choice of such a close and permanent relationship could be made only by individuals___________If anyone had tried to arrange my marriage, I would not have been___________!

Sita, one of my young friends, was a college graduate with a degree in political science. She had been____________ for over a year while her parents were arranging a match for her. I found it difficult to accept the obedient （顺从的） manner in which this well-educated young woman awaited the outcome of a process that would __________ her spending the rest of her life with a man she hardly knew, a total stranger, __________ by her parents.

In frustration and distress, I asked her, "Don't you__________who you marry? ""Of course I care, "she answered." This is why I must let my parents choose a boy for me. My marriage is too important to be arranged by such a (n) _   ________ person as myself. In such matters, it is better to have my parents'__________”。