1 . When you go to a foreign country, you often enter a new culture. The differences between cultures may make you feel stressed and you often find it difficult to adjust to the new surroundings, which is usually called “culture shock”.

The psychological and physical symptoms of culture shock may appear depending on the individuals. Some often feel anxious while adjusting to a new culture—even more so when the cultural distances are wide.     1     They remain to homesick and feel so sad about being separated from their friends back home that they long to return, especially within the first year.

    2    People adjusting to a new culture often feel lonely because the language barrier makes it hard to create new relationships. Furthermore, having trouble with the native language often makes them unwilling to interact with other people.

    3     You may do some research on the cultural aspects of the new country such as the history, customs, and religious beliefs, rather than on what to see and where to go, so you may get prepared for a culture that is different from yours. Studying the language is also a great way to help bridge the gap between the cultures.     4    

A local club provides the perfect environment to get to know people who have a similar focus, so join one so that you can meet some locals and develop new friendships.     5     There are other travelers who have the same experiences in a foreign country. Talk with them, sharing feelings, tips and insight.

A．They may lose appetite and have sleep problems.

B．Still, the most important change is communication.

C．They make a lot of effort to get used to the new surroundings.

D．The more of it is understood, the more of the new culture can be understood.

E．Learning about your future destination is a great way to get over culture shock.

F．Plus, remember that you aren’t alone in your struggle to adjust in a new country.

G．Actually, staying in a foreign country helps you to know more of the new culture.

2 . Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.

Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.

It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.

1. What does the smile usually mean in America?

A．Love.	B．Politeness.
C．Joy.	D．Thankfulness.

2. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .

A．show friendliness to strangers

B．be used to hide true feelings

C．be used in the wrong places

D．show personal habits

3. What should we do before attempting(尝试) to "read" people?

A．Learn about their relations with others.

B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.

C．Find out about their past experience.

D．Figure out what they will do next.

4. What would be the best title for the test?

A．Cultural Differences

B．Smiles and Relationship

C．Facial Expressiveness

D．Habits and Emotions

3 . I travel a lot, and I find out different “styles”(风格)of directions every time I ask “ How can I get to the post office?”
Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的)in Japan because most streets there don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “ Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “ Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map. They measure distance in time, not miles. “ How far away is the post office?” you ask. “ Oh,” they answer, “ it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “ Yes, but how many miles is it?” They don’t know.
It’s true that a person doesn't know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, “ Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “ I don't know”. People in Yucatan believe that “I don't know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
1. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually _______ .

A．describe the place carefully

B．show him a map of the place

C．tell him the names of the streets

D．refer to recognizable buildings and places

2. What is the place where people measure distance in time?

A．New York.	B．Los Angles.
C．Kansas                 C. Iowa

3. People inYucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________ .

A．in order to save time	B．as a test
C．so as to be polite	D．for fun

4. What can we infer from the text?

A．It’s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.

B．It’s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.

C．People have similar understanding of politeness.

D．New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.

5 . The Qingming Festival is celebrated with a three-day national holiday, whose name originates from the saying “Plants start to revive and prosper at Qingming in a clean and bright way. Thus, the festival is called Qingming,” which means clean and bright.     1    . Tomb sweeping aims to commemorate family ancestors while going on a spring outing allows everyone the chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery and enjoy the season.

Traditional customs

Tomb sweeping.     2     on this day, the whole family gathers in front of their ancestral tombs. They offer fruit and wine to their ancestors and clean the weeds from around the tomb. Finally, they kowtow and pray, hoping for their ancestors' blessing for the rest of the year.

Spring outing. The time around the Qingming Festival is one of the most suitable seasons fora spring outing, as plants are thriving and flowers are blooming. People can have a great time outdoors with their friends and family.     3    

Traditional food

Qingtuan, a green rice ball tiny enough to fit into your hand, is also called Qingmingguo or Aiguo.     4     It is a mixture of sticky rice powder and green vegetable juice. stuffed with sweetened bean paste, Qingtuan tastes sweet with the fresh fragrance of Aicao, a green spring vegetable, In celebration of Qingming, people from Shaanxi make steamed buns, known as Huamo, made into different shapes.     5     Some are for peaceful family life while others represent the wish for health.

A．With each different look comes a good blessing.

B．The tradition of tomb sweeping originates from the Qin Dynasty.

C．The two main activities over the festival include tomb sweeping and going on a spring outing.

D．Family members gather together to celebrate and taste the food.

E．Playing football and flying kites are popular activities.

F．Many traditional customs are practiced to show respect for our ancestors.

G．It is popular in the southern regions of the Yangtze River.

6 . On the evening of April 8, Dunhuang Academy and Huawei jointly launched a brand-new technology-driven tour experience at the Mogao Grottoes. Using Huawei's newly-released Hetu artificial intelligence platform, coupled with the output of the Digital Dunhuang project, visitors to the Mogao Grottoes can enjoy a fantasy experience prior to entering the attraction.

Zhao Shengliang, director of the Dunhuang Academy, said that it has been cooperating with Huawei since March 2019. Using Huawei's latest Hetu technology, visitors are able to see the detailed contents of the Dunhuang Art Murals(壁画) outside the caves, through their Huawei mobile phones. This will reduce the time tourists spend inside the cave, aiding the protection of the cultural relics, while at the same time helping to increase the amount of information visitors can obtain. It is also considered to be a new way of promoting Dunhuang Art.

The Dunhuang Academy has used digital technology to preserve the research and exploration of Dunhuang Grottoes since the early 1990s. It has collected a wealth of data and has realized the goal of sharing of digital Dunhuang globally. It has played an important role in the protection and research of cultural site, as well as promoting the development and progress of related work.

The Huawei Hetu platform unites Dunhuang's study findings, high—resolution images of the site's murals and virtual, three-dimensional models with the real Mogao Grottoes. It has not only re-created the real tour of the scenic spot, but also developed a new way of digitally experiencing the grottoes. When people visit the site, they not only have the experience of seeing the real grottoes, but they can appreciate the admirable artworks more clearly and in greater detail.

In the future, Dunhuang Academy will continue to cooperate with Huawei to create more colorful virtual content to enrich the experience of Mogao Art on the platform, helping people around the world get to know Dunhuang Art better.

1. Which is NOT the advantage of the Hetu technology?

A．Decrease the cost of the visitors.	B．Reduce the time visitors spend inside the cave.
C．Help to protect the cultural relics.	D．Provide more information for tourists.

2. How long has the Dunhuang Academy used digital technology?

A．About a year.

B．90 years.

C．Nearly 30 years.

D．10 years.

3. What^‘s the author^‘s attitude towards the cooperation between Dunhuang and Huawei?

A．Doubtful.

B．Opposed.

C．Indifferent.

D．Hopeful.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Dunhuang Academy Preserves Grottoes Well	B．AI Tech Helps Tourists Enjoy Dunhuang's Art
C．Huawei Newly Released Hetu AI	D．Dunhuang Grottoes Attract Tourists

7 . 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号里单词的正确形式。

Beijing Opera     1     （consider）as a national treasure in China, which     2     （date）back to 200 years ago. The early Qing Dynasty saw the great     3    （develop）of this opera. Qianlong emperor in the Qing Dynasty had     4     interest in the local opera.     5     （celebrate）his eightieth birthday, he asked opera troupes（戏班）    6     different places to perform for him in Beijing, so the four big Huiban Opera Troupes entered the capital.     7    （gradual）, they combined with the Kunqu Opera, Yiyang Opera, Hanju Opera and Luantan, and formed the present Beijing Opera.

Beijing Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre     8     combines music, performance, and dance. Many audiences from different     9     （country）think that it is the     10     （large）and most influential kind of opera in China and the influence is incomparable in China.

8 . There are many expressions with the word “dog”.

    1    They take their dogs for walks, give them good food and medical care. However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life. The expression, lead a dog’s life, describes a person who has an unhappy existence.

When we say we live in a dog-eat-dog world.    2    A person has to work hard like a dog to be successful. Such hard work can make people dog-tired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.

Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life.     3    Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new skills and will not change the way they do things.

Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways. People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as junkyard dogs living in places where people throw away things they do not want. Junkyard dogs are often used to guard this property. They bark or attack people who try to enter the property. However, sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad.    4    

Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year.    5    But we do not want it to rain cats and dogs.

A．Dogs are loyal to people.

B．People love dogs and treat them well.

C．To be successful, people often have to learn new skills.

D．But there are many difficulties on the road to success.

E．A rainstorm may cool the weather.

F．We could say his bark is worse than his bite.

G．That means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs.

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Mayan civilization was from a group of people     1     lived in Central America. The Maya people used a(n)     2     (write) language before Columbus came to the Americas in 1492 AD. They were good     3     art, building, and math. They knew about stars and planets, which helped them make calendars.

The Mayan civilization was the most important between the years of 250 AD and 900 AD.     4     (gradual), the Mayan civilization spread all the way from Central Mexico to Honduras, Guatemala, and northern El Salvador.

The Maya people traded with other people in the Americas. They made changes to their buildings to make them much     5     (good). The style in which they made     6     ( they) buildings was often similar to styles of buildings in countries that the Maya people traded with.

The Mayan civilization started getting smaller after 900 AD. The Spanish arrived in     7     15th century and took over Central America, even in the Mayan areas. However, the Maya people still live there today. They even keep the old Mayan traditions and     8     (believe).There are many Mayan languages still spoken today,     9     (include) one called the Achi language. A play called Rabinal Achi     10     (consider) very important to the world.

10 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共 有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八)并在其下面写出该加的词。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last Sunday, my parents and I went to the countryside, which we had a great time together. To make it a green journey, we all agree to cycle there. With everything ready, we set out. Upon arrival, we got down to making preparation. Everyone was enjoying the pleasant but relaxing family atmosphere in open air. After the meal, my father and I couldn’t wait to fly kites. We watched our kites dancing high in the sky, laugh happily together. Mum couldn’t help cheering for them. Dusk fell down before we realized it. Seated together at ease, we quietly watched the gold setting sun, wishing to have more joyfully weekends like this.