1 . Six “sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)”, dating back 3,200 to 4,000 years, were newly discovered in Sanxingdui Ruins site in Guanghan, Southwest China’s Sichuan province. Over 500 artifacts, including gold masks, bronze wares, ivories, jades, and textiles, were unearthed from the site.
Sanxingdui site, first found in 1929, is generally considered as one of the most important archaeological(考古) sites along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. However, the work of excavation on the site only began in 1986, when two pits — widely believed for sacrificial ceremonies — were accidentally discovered.
Investigation in the area around No. 1 and 2 pits was relaunched in October 2019, and No. 3 pit was found in December 2019, according to Lei Yu, a researcher of Sichuan Provincial Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute who heads the ongoing excavation. Thirty-four research universities and research institutes have cooperated in this project. He said the new discoveries will help to better understand many unexplained findings in 1986.
More excavation followed in March 2020, and five more pits were found last year. And detailed research began in October. Excavation capsules with hi-tech equipment were set up in the pits in order to prevent the site from further damage.
Sanxingdui site covers an area of 12 square kilometers, and its core zone of an ancient city covers nearly 4 square kilometers. According to the National Cultural Heritage Administration, studies of Sanxingdui site will become a crucial project in an ongoing program Archaeology China, which tries to explain the origins of Chinese civilization and how diverse cultures communicate and come together.
1. What does the underlined word “excavation” in paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Check | B．Dig |
| C．Exploration | D．Extension |
| A．By dividing the task of excavation into several parts. |
| B．By cooperating with research universities and institutes. |
| C．By using excavation capsule armed with hi-tech equipment. |
| D．By conducting more experiments around the site. |
| A．All sacrificial sites were discovered in the meantime. |
| B．The discovery of Sanxingdui site only began in 2019. |
| C．There are 6 sacrificial pits discovered in Sanxingdui site in all. |
| D．The size of the core zone is about 1/3 times of Sanxingdui site. |
| A．Sacrificial pits were unearthed in Sanxingdui Site. |
| B．Sanxingdui Site needed to be protected. |
| C．Sanxingdui discoveries tell us more about ancient China. |
| D．Hi-tech helped to explore Sanxingdui Site. |
2 . A new study explores the custom of tipping in the United States. Many Americans give tips to people who perform a job for them, especially workers in the service industry. They pay a little extra to people cutting their hair, driving them across town or serving them a meal at a restaurant.
The researchers found that men give bigger tips to restaurant workers than women. And people who live in the northern US are more generous with tips than those living in the South. People who earn $ 50, 000 or more a year give bigger tips than those who earn less than $50, 000. There is one likely reason: the wealthier Americans have more money to spend.
Michael Lynn is a professor of consumer behavior and marketing at the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration in New York. In other words, he knows a lot about the issue of tipping. In earlier surveys, Lynn said he found mixed results on the generosity of men and women when it comes to tipping. In some studies, men gave bigger tips than women. In others, women gave more money.
Lynn’s own research in American restaurants found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man. Tips are very important to service employees. People who work at restaurants often get most of their earnings from tips.
Nationwide, Americans generally tip between 15 to 20 percent at restaurants and leave from $2 to S 10 a day for the people who clean their hotel rooms. Tips of 15 percent of the reading on the meter (计价器) are also common for people who drive taxis.
But here is something to keep in mind. If you are able to give the person serving you a tip or a bigger one than what is expected, your generosity will be welcome. Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.
1. What is paragraph I mainly about?| A．A study in a restaurant. | B．A job offering a lot of tips. |
| C．The service industry in the US. | D．The custom of tipping in the US. |
| A．People give more tips to the opposite sex server. |
| B．People are always more generous to service employers. |
| C．Men give the same tips to the women restaurant servers as women. |
| D．Men always give more tips to the men restaurant servers than women. |
| A．$2. | B．$10. |
| C．$15. | D．$20. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Critical. |
| C．Uncaring. | D．Supportive. |
