Few discoveries are as amazing as discovering the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an. But behind the lifelike masterpieces, there is a group of experts working hard     1     (keep) the more than 2 00-earold historical relies in good condition.

Lan Desheng, 52, is among the     2     (dozen) of experts on the restoration (复原) team at the Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum in Xi’an. “    3     process of restoring Terracotta Warriors is very similar     4     doctors treating patients,” said Lan, who has spent 25 years     5     (repair) more than 150 figures of the Terracotta Army.

Lan said that most of the Terracotta Warriors showed signs of decay (腐化) after being buried for thousands of years, which was made     6     (bad) by oxidization (氧化) after they were discovered. The broken pieces, whose weight could sometimes reach hundreds of kilograms,     7     (make) the restoration both difficult and challenging. For Lan, the most challenging project was the restoration of a general,       8     took his team more than two years. Even so, Lan felt     9     (satisfy) with his job. “I hope that by restoring them, we are able to uncover historical facts     10     awaken the culture of Qin Dynasty.”

As the most     1     (wide) recognized type of Chinese opera in the world, Beijing Opera is regarded as the quintessence of Chinese culture. When performing Beijing Opera, artists follow the     2     (establish) types of singing, reciting, acting and martial arts,     3     are the four main elements and skills of Beijing Opera. Usually, performers start practicing these four skills from     4     early age. Perseverance is the key to the lively characters     5     stage.

Beijing Opera combines wonderful performance with fine costumes and makeup. The unique     6     (face) makeup art is called “Lianpu”. It uses a form of exaggeration    7     (show)the nature, psychological and physical features of the characters.

Color patterns are painted on the performers’ faces, especially on their eyebrows, eye sockets and the corners of their mouths. The face colors are connected with the characters’     8     (personality). For example, red means loyalty and hospitality; black shows     9     (fair)and justice; white indicates doubtfulness; blue suggests bravery; gold and silver create a sense of grandness.

Up to now, the art of Beijing Opera “Lianpu”     10     (apply) to many creative cultural products. Special stationary, clothing and skincare masks are getting more and more popular around the world.

The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, often     1     (write) on red paper for     2     (appreciate).

As a form of Chinese literature, the couplet     3     (vary) in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature,     4     some convey best wishes for the coming year.

Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and since then they     5     (become) commonplace everywhere in China. It was the custom for people     6     (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used in a similar way.

It was said that the     7     (early) couplet was created by Meng Chang, king of Later Shu and it was     8     (wide) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. At present, writing couplets     9     (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.

The couplet has two equal-length lines. However,     10     number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone, and its opposite in the second line, is of a level tone.

The 53-year-old craftswoman Ji Yulan, an inheritor (继承人) of the intangible heritage (非物质遗产) of paper-cutting from Xinjiang, has engaged in the art for over 40 years.

She made paper-cuts of people from all     1     (walk) of life. One of her pieces showed a nurse with long, beautiful hair, wearing a mask and a protective hat. The craftswoman was deeply     2     (impress) by female medical workers     3     cut their long hair to better fit into the protective suits while fighting in the front line against the epidemic. “Women are attractive in long hair and     4     takes a lot of courage to cut it,” Ji said. So she created a paper-cutting work to show the image and named the piece The Angel in Harm’s Way.

Ji has 12 students, aged from 3 to 23. She often encourages her students to create works based on a younger mindset. “I am     5     (extreme) positive about the future of the craft. The younger generation have a real sense of responsibility to protect     6     (culture) heritage.”

9 . People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in telling different facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.

Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than looking at the whole face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes only.

“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, while Easterners prefer the eyes and ignore the mouth.”

According to Jack and her workmates, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more confusing than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably express emotion in cross-cultural situations.

The researchers studied cultural differences in facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and sort them into different groups: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, or angry. They compared how correctly people read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement plans.

It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more mistakes than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our study suggests that Westerners use the whole face to express emotion while Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”

In short, facial expressions are not universal to show human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have made a difference to these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. When it comes to talking about emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in communication.