1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It was estimated that as of January 2021, there were 4.66 billion active Internet users globally,    1    (represent) almost 60% of the world’s population. Unfortunately, due to its wide reach and relative privacy, the Internet has become very     2    (attract) to criminals. Consequently, cybercrime coming in many different forms     3    (become) a huge problem in recent years. Phishing is one of the most common types. When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may be fooled     4     providing personal information. Cybercriminals trick you into parting with your money, infecting your computer with a virus    5    (steal) your personal data, or blocking you from accessing your own data until a ransom is paid. Cybercriminals took advantage of a weakness in a server,     6    (assess) the company’s files and demanded a large sum of money. Fortunately, you can take     7    (prevent) measures to reduce your chances of falling victim. Firstly, you need to stay alert when using the Internet. To avoid getting taken in, be cautious about advertisements offering bargains and rewards     8    seem too good to be true. And, of course, do not open email     9    (attach) or click on links from unknown sources. Secondly, make sure you have     10    (rely) antivirus software and always keep it turned on. So, next time you go online, never drop your guard. Stay alert, smart and safe!

2 . It’s difficult to determine whether social media is safe enough for children’s mental health, according to a new report from Dr. Vivek Murthy.

Although there are some benefits, social media use brings “a great risk of harm” to kids. “We’re in the middle of a youth mental health crisis, and I’m concerned that technology companies are contributing to it,” Dr. Murthy said.

“It is generally believed that parents and kids should be responsible for managing social media, despite the fact that these platforms are designed to increase the amount of time that our kids spend on them,” he said. “So that is not a fair fight. It’s time for us to support parents and kids.”

Up to 95% of kids aged 13 to 17 report using social media, with more than a third saying they use it “frequently”. And although 13 is commonly the minimum(最小的) age to use social media sites in the US, the report notes that nearly 40% of kids aged 8 to 12 use the platforms, as well.

One study of 6,595 US adolescents between ages 12 and 15 found that those who spent more than three hours a day on social media had twice the risk of symptoms(症状) of depression and anxiety as non-users, the report notes. It also cites(引用) studies that found reducing social media use led to improvements in mental health.

Murthy says he hopes the report will encourage measures before it is too late. “Independent researchers tell us that they have a hard time getting the information they need from technology companies about the health effects on kids,” he said. “Social media companies should be responsible for protecting children as other industries are. As to other products that kids use, we take the approach of safety first. We need to do it here, too.”

1. What causes children’s mental problems according to Murthy?

A．Risk of addiction.	B．Parents’ management.
C．Technology companies.	D．Children’s learning stress.

2. How does the author prove the children’s heavy use of social media?

A．By listing data.

B．By providing facts.

C．By giving examples.

D．By explaining causes.

3. What is the report based on?

A．Public opinions.

B．Previous studies.

C．Field observation.

D．Family relationships.

4. What does Muthy want to stress in the last paragraph?

A．Health effects of social media on kids.	B．Safely for kids concerning all products.
C．Immediate action to protect the children.	D．Difficulty in getting the needed information.

3 . Cyber-bullying (网络欺凌) may take place in the online world, but it is no less damaging than in the real world. The Internet has become a kindness desert, a place where few flowers bloom. Bullying is pretty common.     1     According to those bullied, they’re usually seen as being different from the crowd. They are unique.

Being bullied is a frustrating and painful experience. Online bullying can really hurt others, and it can have serious consequences.     2     Some people have even committed suicide because they were harassed (侵扰) online and didn’t think it would ever stop. Here are some valuable tips to help you address a bully and protect yourself in a safe way.

Don’t blame yourself.     3     It’s only the bully’s fault, so don’t blame yourself for his or her shortcomings.

Stay away from bullies. Bullies hope you interact with them so that they have an excuse to keep picking on you. When the bully starts orally attacking you, remove yourself from the situation if you can, simply by walking away.

    4     Try as you might to ignore the bullies when they are saying ugly things about you. Remind yourself that you are a great person and that nothing the bullies say matters.

Speak out. Nobody has the right to make you feel unsafe, uncomfortable or unhappy. Find someone you can talk to, your teacher or your parent and tell them what’s going on.     5     Follow these tips and you should feel well-equipped to deal with your bullies the next time they attack.

A．Keep track of bullies.

B．Be sure you’re wonderful.

C．Adults can offer help if they know about the problem.

D．Being bullied can make you feel alone, scared, and hopeless.

E．Your parents are willing to help you when recognizing your problem.

F．If you are being bullied, it’s essential to know that it is never your fault.

G．Studies have found that nearly one-third of all students are bullied each year.

4 . Users should reduce their screen time

According to the researchers from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), long and consistent use of social media can lead to depression, stress, and anxiety among users of all ages.     1     This effect is driven by a constant urge to check and interact with the content on these platforms.

However, if you reduce the time you spend on your phone every day, you can spare a few more hours for outdoor activity.     2     Reducing your screen time also allows you to develop better in-person relationships. Positive social interactions release mood-boosting neurochemicals that promote overall happiness.

Here are a few tips to reduce your screen time:

Set limits. Many mobile devices and apps can record the amount of time you spend on your device. You might decide you only want to spend three hours online each day. From there, you can track your time to ensure you don’t go beyond the limit.

Remove distractions (使人分心的事物). Whenever you’re working on something else, try placing your phone in another room or closing your laptop.     3     You might also be less likely to conduct an Internet search that turns into an extended browsing (浏览) session.

    4     Accessing the Internet takes seconds, which can easily become a convenient habit. However, making specific plans to see friends or go outside can help you deliberately break away from the screen.

Create a habit.     5     For example, instead of grabbing your phone first thing in the morning, leave a pen and paper beside your bed and spend a few minutes journaling when you wake up. This way, you can train your brain to enjoy alternative forms of happiness and lessen the urge to log on to social media immediately.

A．Plan activities.

B．Develop friendships.

C．The process takes continuous effort.

D．Many users even experience social media addiction.

E．It means reminding yourself of other sources of entertainment.

F．Research shows many positive effects, such as lower blood pressure and stress.

G．This way, you will have less desire to pick up your phone each time the screen lights up.

5 . 网络已成为人们生活中必不可少的一部分, 由此而产生的青少年网瘾现象引起了人们的关注。假设你是李华，请你以学生会的名义写一篇倡议书，号召全校同学合理使用网络。            
内容包括：1. 网瘾现象;2. 网瘾的危害;3. 你的倡议。
注意：1. 词数不少于80字;
2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数，可适当增加内容，以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students,

With the wide application of various digital gadgets, the Internet is finding its way into our daily lives.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Students’ Union

6 . Ways Your Cell Phone Affects Your Body and Mind

First, some good news. Your phone can keep you safer. A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one.     1    

Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder. To avoid that, make a habit of not using your phone for at least 30 minutes before you close your eyes.

    2     People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy. About 60 percent of Americans experience discomfort, such as dryness, eye tiredness, and even headaches. Try taking a break from screens every 20 minutes.

When you are awake, a single sound on your phone can signal the coming news. However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task.     3     It can even encourage creative ideas when you are alone. When you’re bored, four different areas of your brain become active and work together to pull in thoughts and combine them in unique ways.

Memory suffers too.     4     Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone’s GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory. Taking pictures with your phone may also harm your memory.

It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn’t so easy.     5     And researches have proved this real. Of course, there are many phone apps to help you control your phone addiction. Or you can just let the battery rundown and forget about it!

A．But there are plenty of worries too.

B．Your phone can do damage to your eyes.

C．Silence your phone or simply put it away can help.

D．Walking with your face in your phone can be dangerous.

E．People may feel painful when separated from their phones.

F．Your hand may feel painful when you hold your phone too long.

G．Using a map and trying to remember it may be better for your brain.

7 . While the benefits of Zoom and other videoconferencing tools made them absolutely essential in the pandemic (疫情), the research suggests that heavy reliance on the technology comes at a cost to creative thinking.

Brucks at Columbia University and her team started their investigation when managers reported having trouble innovating with remote workers. Brucks doubted whether videoconferencing was a factor, suspecting that difficulties coordinating (协调) large, global teams online might be to blame instead.

To find out, the researchers analysed ideas for new products generated by 1,490 engineers for a multinational company. The engineers, who were in Finland, Hungary, India, Israel and Portugal, were randomly paired up and given an hour or so to brainstorm products either in person or over videoconferencing. They then selected their best idea.

Writing in Nature, the researchers report that the engineers produced more ideas, and more innovative ideas, when working face to face. “They are not only generating a larger number of creative ideas, but their best idea is better,” Brucks said. Virtual teams were just as good at selecting the best ideas from a bunch as those that met in person.

“Visual focus is a huge component of cognitive (认知) focus. When you’re focused on the screen and ignoring the rest of the environment, that affects how you approach the task,” said Brucks. “It’s uniquely bad for creativity because it’s inhibiting broader exploration.”

Brucks said the impact on the real world “could be huge”, leading to a division of labour between face-to-face and virtual meetings that could “permanently reshape the office and work schedules”. But she urged businesses to be cautious, because if virtual meetings are cheaper than in-person ones, they may still be more cost-effective.

Asked for tips, Brucks said people could save more creative tasks for in-person meetings, or turn off their camera when coming up with ideas. “I think it unlocks more creative thinking,” she said.

1. Why did Brucks conduct the research?

A．To prove her assumption.

B．To clarify a new concept.

C．To make a comparison.

D．To explain a rule.

2. What is the finding of the research?

A．Face-to-face gatherings promote cross-culture ties.	B．Workers think less creatively in virtual meetings.
C．Individual work generates more innovative ideas.	D．Videoconferencing has an irreplaceable role.

3. What does the underlined word “inhibiting” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Encouraging.

B．Requiring.

C．Beginning.

D．Preventing.

4. What does Brucks say about virtual meetings?

A．They should be used accordingly.	B．They’ll make office workers divided.
C．They’ll give way to in-person meetings.	D．They help businesses run more efficiently.

8 . Were We Happier Without Social Media?

Social media is now fully implanted in our daily lives. We spend an average of two hours a day sharing, liking, tweeting, and updating information on social media. Indeed, the wonderful digital platforms enrich our lives with information and entertainment.    1    

Social media and stress

    2    In fact, it might turn out an endless stream of stress. In 2015,researchers tried to discover if social media causes more stress than it relieves. In the survey, women were reported being more stressed than men. Twitter was found to be “a contributor to stress”, because it increased people’s awareness of pressure.

Social media and relationship

Finding people sharing your ideals online might be delightful.    3     It could happen, but, in reality, it’s your family, friends and teachers that bring you the true delight. But the time you spend on people on social media is greater than those you see in real life. On the platforms, the liquid relationships without real details don’t really translate into true connections in your real life.

Social media and entertainment

Social media may provide us with excitement, during which dopamine (多巴胺) would be released to keep us entertained. Entertainment has never been so easy with dopamine released so quickly, getting us addicted. For that excitement, we mortgage (抵押) a more meaningful and enjoyable life.    4    

Therefore, the answer to the question should be clear now. The feeling of being loved and being able to count on different people makes us happier. Social media sometimes just cheats us.    5    For the real happiness, we should maintain contact, talk face-to-face, listen to each other.

A．Thanks to it, we become happier.

B．People use social media to let off pressure

C．In return, it traps and takes away our attention.

D．However, were we happier without social media?

E．Moreover, we should say goodbye to social media.

F．Don’t take it for granted that it gives us constant joy.

G．Can they really end up accompanying you in your real life?

9 . Internet addiction is a common problem.     1     If you are concerned that you may be too dependent on the Internet, there are several strategies you can use to control your Internet usage. Removing the temptation (诱惑) to go online is one of them. Here are some tips to get you started.

    2     If your devices are on and within arm’s reach, you may find yourself mindlessly checking them during meal times and other social activities. Just turn off your device or at least put it on silent and place it somewhere out of sight.

Charge your devices in another room at night to prevent bedtime browsing (浏览). Bedtime browsing can impact your ability to fall asleep and stay asleep due to the blue light your smartphone emits.     3    

Remove social media apps from your phone. If you find yourself picking up your phone and going on the Internet every time you get a notification (通知), delete the social media apps on your phone. Make it a rule that you can only check these apps on your computer.     4    

Look at one website at a time instead of having multiple websites open.     5     This can help you to avoid going back and forth between multiple sites and wasting time.

Technological tools are meant to serve us, not the other way around. Take action right away to free yourself from Internet dependency and take control of your life.

A．Cut your home Wi-Fi access if it is really necessary.

B．It can be just as damaging as any other form of addiction.

C．So stopping bedtime browsing may help you to sleep better.

D．This may help prevent you from accessing them on and off all day.

E．Turn off your smartphone, iPad, and computer during social activities.

F．If you are on a website and it leads you to another one, close the old site.

G．Developing healthy habits can also help you to cut back on your internet use.

10 . The current generation is not like any other generation I have seen in history. Due to the rise in technology, the world is evolving fast and changing the way most of us do things. Today’s young generation is so used to the technology which they learn very quickly. It could be considered as a benediction, but there are times when it is not appropriate.

In my generation, we met friends face to face to have real conversations rather than texting each other all the time. We walked everywhere, to the store or up the stairs instead of climbing into our car or on a motored skateboard each time we had to go two or three blocks away.

Most of the new generation expects things to be done for them. If something requires some extra effort or focus, they are easily discouraged. But if we want to reach success in this day and age, it is expected of us to work to achieve our dreams. The old generation knows that the world does not owe them squat. It understands that no one else than them can do it and that is their responsibility to make something of themselves.

Nowadays, there is no longer a sense of honor, because most people hide behind a computer screen. When you handle issues or hate for no reason over social media, it just proves that you are a weak person. I just put an ad in one of my groups for teaching Kung Fu, and one hater wrote “Kung Fu clown.” And this is for no reason as I have never seen or met the guy before.

The new generation relies too much on social media for their lives and doing things. It is okay to use it but not to abuse it. My final word is that each generation has its own advantages and downsides, but what matters is that each generation, old or new, has to give lessons which are valuable for future generations.

1. What does the underlined word “benediction” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Drawback.

B．Blessing.

C．Prejudice.

D．Criterion.

2. How does the author develop his argument?

A．By analyzing reasons.	B．By explaining concepts.
C．By criticizing young guys.	D．By comparing generations.

3. What does the author demonstrate by talking about his ad?

A．The rapid development of social media.	B．The tough situations for future generations.
C．New generation’s inappropriate behaviour.	D．Genuine strangers behind computer screens.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．The balanced use of social media	B．Lessons for old generations
C．The growth of new technology	D．No reason for hating others