1 . An Inuit-developed app, named SIKU after the Inuktitut for “sea ice”, allows local communities from Alaska to Greenland to connect traditional knowledge with scientific data to track changes in the environment, and make decisions about how to manage wildlife.
A group of Inuit elders and hunters from Sanikiluaq, Nunavut, thought up the idea for SIKU more than ten years ago to document and understand the changing sea ice they were seeing in southeastern Hudson Bay. The group turned to the local non-profit Arctic Eider Society (AES) to develop a web-based platform (平台).
Over the years, SIKU has developed, and recently, the elders saw that the platform could help address a familiar challenge: sharing knowledge with younger people who often have their noses in their phones. In 2019, SIKU was reintroduced as a full-fledged (全面发展的) social network — a platform where members can post photos and notes about wildlife sightings, hunts, sea ice conditions and more. The posts tell stories of hunting and traveling; the impacts of climate change and industrial activity; and the traditions, diets and illnesses of local animals.
Inuit communities are already using the app to inform important decisions. In 2021, for example, elders in Sanikiluaq were worried that the local reindeer (驯鹿) population had reduced, so the Hunters and Trappers Association used SIKU to survey hunters and look at recent reported harvest rates. The information led the association to close the hunt for a short time to reduce pressure on the population and to reintroduce hunting slowly when the number of reindeer increased.
Traditionally, Inuit communities shared this information orally (口头上地). “We have lived in the environment for centuries and know about the wildlife. Now armed with SIKU, information is documented in a way that other people will understand. The advantage of SIKU is that it’s part science and part Inuit knowledge and it supports community-driven research,” says Lucassie Arragutainaq, a co-founder of AES.
1. What was the purpose of developing SIKU in the beginning?| A．To raise money for AES. | B．To pass on Inuit tradition. |
| C．To attract more visitors to Inuit communities. | D．To record and learn about the changing sea ice. |
| A．To further prove the role of SIKU. |
| B．To advise people to pay more attention to SIKU. |
| C．To call on visitors and locals to protect reindeer. |
| D．To tell the benefits of the Hunters and Trappers Association. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Worried. | C．Puzzled. | D．Supportive. |
| A．SIKU: Overcoming Environmental Challenges |
| B．SIKU: Informing Decision Of Local Communities |
| C．SIKU: Joining Traditional Wisdom To Modern Technology |
| D．SIKU: Advantages Over Other Local Social Media Platforms |
| A．They are cruel by nature. |
| B．They want to protect themselves. |
| C．They want to check if humans are food. |
角色：你是Mary。
任务：(1) 与Tom谈论关于气候变化相关活动的话题；
(2) 根据谈话内容回答问题。
（一）听对话，补全句子。
1. Our club will have an
2. It is not a very
（二）请先根据中文提示将3个问句补充完整，然后听录音的回答，记录重要信息。
3. 你是何时开始关注气候变化的？
4. 你最初采取什么措施应对气候变化？
5. 青少年如何参与环保活动？
How can
（三）现在请根据前面所听到信息，完成题目的回答，每空不超过3个词。
6. How long has Tom been taking part in their club activities?
—For
7. What can new participants do in the club activities?
—They can watch some
8. Who inspired Tom to pay attention to climate change?
—His
9. What fact did Tom’s childhood environmental books mainly talk about?
—There was an increasing threat to
10. What does Tom think is the best way to participate in climate change activities?
—Devoting yourself to
4 . Sargassum is a kind of floating seaweed (海草) that has been growing in size every year. It looks pretty in the ocean. However, sargassum can almost completely block out sunlight. Important kinds of seagrass suffer when light is blocked by seaweed. As sargassum piles up on beaches, it makes it hard for mother sea turtles to lay eggs, and nearly impossible for baby turtles to return to the sea.
So much sargassum piles up on beaches, and it breaks down slowly, giving out a bad smell like rotten eggs. “Even when governments clear the seaweed from beaches, they face problems of getting rid of it. Heavy machines can put turtle nests in danger. Some people have thought about using sargassum as a fertilizer (肥料), but it contains harmful heavy metals. So far, removing these harmful metal s costs too much to make it worth doing,” said the scientist Steven Kelley.
Sargassum grows faster in warming oceans, so climate change is definitely part of the problem. But scientists believe the unusual growth of the seawood is also caused by huge quantities of fertilizers washed into the ocean from farmlands.
Scientists and students are working hard to figure out how to deal with sargassum. Some suggest using sargassum as a building material, or possibly a fuel. One unusual solution is to drop it deep in the sea by using robots. Sargassum takes in huge amounts of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) as it grows. Removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is one important part of fighting the climate crisis. Sargassum could deal with this carbon dioxide in the deep ocean. Scientists are still testing this idea to see if it will work.
For now, scientists say the quickest solution is to stop filling the ocean with fertilizers. It is wise for farmers to change the way they farm. Moreover, the seaweed’s growth can have serious effects on islands that depend heavily on tourism and fishing. Island communities play a role in cleaning up the seaweed and promoting responsible tourism. At the same time, officials have to work towards changing policies to solve the issues.
1. What can we know about sargassum according to the first paragraph?| A．It affects the ecosystem negatively. |
| B．It adds to the variety of life in the ocean. |
| C．It causes a shortage of food for sea animals. |
| D．It creates a good living environment for seagrass. |
| A．Reusing metal s from sargassum is a wise choice. |
| B．Fertilizers can help sargarrum break down quickly. |
| C．Dealing with sargassum safely is challenging work. |
| D．Practical ways have been developed to remove sargassum. |
| A．By spreading sargassum widely to increase sunlight. |
| B．By changing sargassum into a renewable energy source. |
| C．By employing sargassum as a cleaner for ocean pollution. |
| D．By making use of sargassum’s ability to absorb carbon dioxide. |
| A．Public attempts to recycle seaside sargassum. |
| B．The change in sargassum’s living environment. |
| C．Challenges and approaches concerning sargassum. |
| D．The influence of sargassum’s growth on climate change. |
Each year more than 3 million people visit Rocky Mountain National Park, the third most-visited national park in the USA. Many of them arrive there by car, they drive along the Trail Ridge Road, which
People are attracted by its scenery, hiking trails and wildlife. The hiking trails include
Long hikes give visitors a chance to experience Rocky Mountain wildlife. Within the park
The
About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone.
China is willing to continue cooperation
Crowds gathered to say goodbye and catch one final look at Yang Guang and Tian Tian on Wednesday, who for 12 years have enraptured
Since Beijing and London started cooperation in 2011, the two sides have made positive outcomes
This has played an important role in enhancing
| A．making up | B．teaming up | C．packing up | D．giving up |
| A．rescued | B．recognised | C．applied | D．attracted |
| A．natives | B．survivors | C．masters | D．experts |
| A．results | B．reasons | C．means | D．comments |
| A．reducing | B．improving | C．organizing | D．quitting |
要点：
时间：本周六上午八点至十一点。
地点：学校会议大厅。
邀请本校美籍教师Smisth讲述美国环境保护情况。
学校校长(headmaster)将为前三名颁奖
要求：
(1)80-120词；
文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。
海报应含所有信息，可适当增加细节。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. 北京的位置(中国北部)、面积(16,410多平方公里)、人口(约2200万)及历史(3,000多年)等；
2. 北京的旅游特色(历史古迹如长城、故宫the Forbidden City、颐和园the Summer Palace, 特色小吃等)；
3. 欢迎Harry来北京参观。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头、结尾已给出，不计入总数。
Dear Harry,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
10 . Acorn woodpeckers (橡树啄木鸟), which live along the west coast and in the southwest of North America, are highly socialized birds, a study showed recently.
In the acorn woodpecker family, it’s a group effort to raise the young. Each of the acorn woodpecker family consists of as many as seven co-breeding (共育) males and four joint-nesting females, living with nest helpers who are typically their babies from previous years. The helpers don’t breed, but stick around for five to six years to help raise their half-siblings.
Every fall acorn woodpeckers store thousands of acorns in holes drilled into dead trees in preparation for winter. The entire group contributes to a central granary (粮仓), defending it against squirrels and other woodpeckers. But the cooperation may end and great noise and confusion may start when a family loses either all its breeding males or females to old age or enemies like hawks. That leads to a good opportunity for the helpers to grab newly vacant spots with acorns (橡树果) in main habitat.
The news travels fast. The nearby woodpecker groups rush to the site and fight against each other. Over 40 of the “warrior” birds, in coalitions (联盟) of three or four, spend over 10 hours a day over multiple days in battles until one collective wins. “You can see birds with eyes removed out, with blood on their feathers — they fall to the ground holding each other’s legs when they’re fighting,” said Sahas Barve, the lead author of the study. These battles also draw woodpecker audience, who leave their own territories unattended. The researchers recorded some audience travel over two miles and spend an hour a day just observing the fights. “The speed at which such information is communicated among populations has always struck me,” said Reed Bowman.
The scientists said the battles reveal a lot about animals’ social behavior. Sahas Barve said, “We often think of birds as not very intelligent animals, but we are discovering that we aren’t the only super-curious social animal out there. And birds are doing that all the time. Social complexity is something that’s evolved multiple times in the animal kingdom, and we are just one of them.”
1. What does the second paragraph mainly focus on?| A．The loose social networks of acorn woodpeckers. |
| B．The tough living conditions of acorn woodpeckers. |
| C．The great contribution of nest helpers to their family. |
| D．The cooperative breeding system of acorn woodpeckers. |
| A．To survive the tough winter. | B．To fight for their own territory. |
| C．To select the most powerful leader. | D．To rid their granary of noise and confusion. |
| A．They are long and fierce. | B．Their fighters increase each day. |
| C．They will be settled by compromise. | D．They will cause many deaths of the audience. |
| A．Human beings have great curiosity about the outside world. |
| B．Social complexity is unique to human beings. |
| C．Birds are much smarter than we thought. |
| D．The evolution of animals is quite slow. |
