1. How much snow can people see this morning?
| A．A little, | B．A lot. | C．None. |
| A．Two degrees, | B．Five degrees. | C．Zero degree. |
| A．Tomorrow. | B．This weekend. | C．Next Monday. |
| A．A sports report | B．Another weather report | C．A speech by the president. |
2 . Objects in the night sky are disappearing from view because of light pollution, according to a new study. Outdoor lighting from street lamps, office buildings and vehicle headlights leads to sky less bright, which is when the night sky gets brighter. The brighter it is at night, the harder it is to see stars and planets from Earth.
Christopher Kyba, an astronomer with the GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences, led his team studying 50,000 star observations between 2011 and 2022. “If the brightening of the night sky continues at the current rate,” Kyba said, “a child born in a place where 250 stars are visible will only be able to see 100 stars by the time he or she turned 18.”
The issue is global but particularly common in North America, where 80% of people cannot see the Milky Way galaxy(银河系). This huge group of billions of stars should look like a wide strip of light in the dark night sky. However, only very remote places, such as the Sahara Desert and the Amazon rainforest, have a truly dark night sky.
Light pollution makes it harder for astronomers to study stars and planets. It also causes problems for animals. Animals active at night like bats become confused and crash into objects. Turtles that hatch(孵化) at night need moonlight to find the sea, but artificial lights can confuse them and make them head inland instead. Birds in cities often wake up and start singing earlier than they should. Human lights also cause themselves to produce less of a chemical called melatonin (褪黑激素). This can lead to sleep problems, headaches, tiredness, and mood issues.
To help, scientists want to raise awareness of light pollution. They suggest that people use outdoor lighting that causes less light pollution, such as motion-sensitive lights that switch on only when they’re needed.
1. How does the author lead in the topic of the text?| A．By asking a question. |
| B．By referring to a study. |
| C．By making comparisons. |
| D．By showing experiments. |
| A．Light pollution is becoming serious. |
| B．Stars are becoming fewer year by year. |
| C．Kids are losing interest in watching stars. |
| D．It’s easier for adults to see stars than kids. |
| A．Humans produce more melatonin. |
| B．Turtles are forced to hatch at sea. |
| C．Birds in cities wake up much later. |
| D．Bats can get lost during the flight. |
| A．Pollution does affect children. |
| B．Light causes human sleep problems. |
| C．Light pollution is making stars disappear. |
| D．There are some ways to deal with light pollution. |
Analysis of millions of infrared (红外线) photos and tens of
Since her 20s, the professor has been devoted to protecting
1.保护野生动植物的重要性；
2.你校的宣传活动；
3.你的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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Plastic pollution at sea is reaching
As plastic breaks down into smaller pieces, it also enters the marine food chain,
While consumers can help reduce plastic pollution by changing their behavior, governments have to step up and accept
6 . A study from the University of California, Davis is the first to document personality in golden-mantled ground squirrels, which are common across the western US and parts of Canada, The study found the squirrels show personality for four main aspects: boldness（大胆）, aggressiveness, activity level, and sociability. The findings suggest that understanding how an animal’s personality influences the use of space is important for wildlife conservation.
The fact that ground squirrels have personalities may not seem surprising. But the scientific field of animal personality is relatively young, as is the recognition that there are ecological consequences of animal personalities. For instance, bolder, more aggressive squirrels may find more food or defend a larger area, but their risky behavior may also make them easily hurt by predators（捕食者）or accidents. Lead author Jaclyn Aliperti conducted the study while earning her PhD in ecology at UC Davis.
Scientists have been studying golden-mantled ground squirrels at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in Gothic, Colorado for decades. It was established as a long-term study site more than 30 years ago by Aliperti’s advisor, Dirk Van Vuren. Aliperti drew from this powerful data set for her study, while also starting a series of experiments there over the course of three summers to observe and quantify the squirrels’ personalities. Overall, the study, published in the journal Animal Behaviour, found that bolder squirrels had larger core areas where they concentrated their activities. Bold, active squirrels moved faster. Also, squirrels that were bolder, more aggressive and more active had greater access to habitats, such as rocks. The location of the habitat is important because it can provide a belter point for observing and evading predators. Interestingly, habitat is also associated with sociability.
“Animal personality is a hard science, but if it makes you relate to animals more, maybe people will be more interested in conserving them,” said Alipcrti.
1. What’s the significance of the findings in paragraph 1?| A．To better protect wildlife. |
| B．To know more about space. |
| C．To observe squirrels’ behavior. |
| D．To explore squirrels’ personalities. |
| A．Hunt for more food. | B．Work against each other. |
| C．Show their personalities. | D．Attract less predators. |
| A．Keeping. | B．Refusing. |
| C．Killing. | D．Avoiding. |
| A．Skeptical. | B．Supportive. |
| C．Worried. | D．Tolerant. |
Dogs, just like humans, can get cold when the temperature starts to drop. We can wear coats or hats, but dogs don't really have them
Actually, when it is too cold for dogs to go outside heavily depends upon the dog's size, coat
In many parts of the world, the temperature
If your dog isn't a breed (品种) that can bear the cold well,
8 . Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.
If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.
Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.
Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores (胚芽). Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ______.| A．plants are important for life | B．plants cannot grow without air |
| C．there are many plants in the world | D．we can not live without water |
| A．flower, water and air | B．water, sunlight and air |
| C．air, water and soil | D．air, sun and light |
| A．Of all living things animals are most important |
| B．Spores are seeds |
| C．All fruits of flowering plants have seeds |
| D．Without plants, man will die out |
| A．a medicine book | B．a novel |
| C．a science magazine | D．an experiment report |
| A．damaged | B．polluted | C．prevented | D．guarded |
