Bill Gates and his wife have been quite deliberate about the model they’ve used to raise their three kids,
One of the greatest
The model pushes parents to focus on asking questions of their kids and getting them thinking about how to solve their own problems, instead of
Gates says the “Love and Logic” method is a far cry from the way he grew up, but he knew he wanted to do things
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
A total of 3.41 million people have applied for the postgraduate entrance examination, that will begin on Saturday and last until Monday. Data releasing by an information website showed the number of students taking the exam have doubled in Jiangsu, Sichuan, and other province in the past five years.
The increase in postgraduate applicants is that the demand for higher education in China remains strongly. Xiong Bingqi, vice-director of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, said manystudents apply to postgraduate studies mainly to find a better job."Many people pursue highly education not only to enhance their knowledge or skills, and to get a good job. This may reduce the general quality of graduates. As result, companies may find it harder to get the employees they want," he said.
3 . Universities have finally promised to end grade inflation(膨胀)after a growing number of first-class degrees led to accusations of dumbing down.The percentage of firsts handed out has doubled in the last decade,with 24 percent of graduates now awarded the top grade,compared with 12 percent in 2008.
Universities UK(UUK)is today promising for the first time to handle the problem and check the endless rise in the number of firsts dealt out.
Education Secretary Damian Hinds welcomed the move and warned any university producing an unreasonable rise in top degrees will face intervention(介入)from the regulator Office for Students.He said artificial grade inflation ust be stopped and warned quality must not be cast aside to build up an institution's reputation.
As part of a package of measures,universities have agreed to follow a new framework specifying what a student must demonstrate(展示）to achieve a certain grade.They have promised to ensure the standards will stretch and challenge all students,and protect the value of qualifications.
It comes after UUK admitted for the first time in November that tutors may be under pressure from both students and their bosses to inflate degree results.Staff may be tempted(诱惑)to hand out more top marks because they fear bad reviews in student feedback surveys,it said,while institutions could be motivated to do so to improve their position in national rankings.
Critics have long warned the trend weakens employers confidence in the system,as they cannot pick out outstanding candidates to hire.
A UUK investigation discovered 43 percent of first-class degrees last year were likely to have been awarded due to factors such as grade inflation.
Professor Dame Janet Beer,president of UUK,said,"The UK higher education sector has a world- leading reputation,so it is critical to protect the value of a university degree." UUK's promise will be in place for the 2019-2020 academic year.
1. What does the underlined phrase"dumbing down"in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．Less reputable. |
| B．More difficult. |
| C．Less challenging. |
| D．More accessible. |
| A．To toughen students up. |
| B．To rebuild their reputation. |
| C．To restore employers' confidence. |
| D．To maintain their competitiveness. |
| A．Complicated. |
| B．Valuable. |
| C．Controversial. |
| D．Challenging. |
| A．Universities promise to stop grade inflation |
| B．Universities take measures to win a reputation |
| C．Why does grade inflation appear in universities? |
| D．How does grade inflation in universities affect graduates? |
1、网络教育的现状；
2、你的看法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Amy,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
LiHua
5 . Children should spend at least one hour playing and spending time in nature each day, according to the Wildlife Trusts (野生生物基金会). The UK organization speaks for 46 groups and 2,300 nature protection areas.
The calling comes from a study by University College London. Its 451 students in the study were 8 or 9 years of age.
However, parents on their own aren’t giving kids that time.
| A．Parents care much about their kids’ nature time. |
| B．And the time has been reducing greatly in recent years. |
| C．The children showed a great increase in personal health. |
| D．They were interviewed before and after nature activities. |
| E．81 percent said they had better relationships with their teachers. |
| F．The students are asked to study in University College London for one day. |
| G．It is now calling on the government to include nature time into daily school life. |
6 . Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. Key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time，the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
"There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，"Padilla-Walker said. "This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence-which can be taught-are key to a child's life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an "authoritative" parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian:rigid，demanding or controlling. Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics:children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权).
In the study，about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.
1. What is special about the BYU professors' study?| A．It centered on fathers' role in parenting. |
| B．It was based on a number of large families. |
| C．It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles. |
| D．It aimed to improve kids' achievement in school. |
| A．Ignore their demands. | B．Make decisions for them. |
| C．Control their behaviors. | D．Explain the rules to them. |
| A．Single parents. |
| B．Children aged from 11 to 14. |
| C．Authoritarian fathers. |
| D．Mothers in two-parent homes. |
| A．Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers. |
| B．Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future. |
| C．Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father. |
| D．Family Relationship Influences School Performance. |
7 . Parents do not owe （欠） their children a college education. If they can afford it, they can certainly send them to a good university. But they needn’t feel guilty if they can’t. When children grow up and want to get married, their parents do not owe them an apartment. They do not have the duty to look after their grandchildren, either. If they want to do it, it must be considered a favor, not an obligation.
Do parents owe their children anything? Yes, they owe them a great deal.
One of their obligations is to give their children a personal worth. Children who are always made to feel stupid and unworthy, constantly compared with brighter brothers, sisters, or cousins will become so unsure, so afraid of failing that they won’t try at all. Of course they should be properly corrected when they do wrong, but it’s often better to let children learn their mistakes by themselves in time. All their parents should do is to trust them, respect them, understand them and give them chances to try and fail. They must learn to stand failure. When criticisms （批评） are really needed, they should be balanced with a smile and a kiss. That is the way children learn.
Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which to build their lives. This means teaching them to respect the rights and opinions of others; it means being respectful to elders, to teachers, and to the law. The best way to teach such values is by deed. A child who is lied to will lie. A child who sees no laughter and no love in the home will have difficulty laughing and loving.
No child asks to be born. If you bring a life into the world, you owe the child something.
1. The author thinks parents ________.| A．should send their children to college |
| B．should support their children after they get married |
| C．need to buy an apartment for their children |
| D．needn’t feel guilty if they can’t send their children to universities |
| A．Right. | B．Promise. |
| C．Duty. | D．Excuse. |
| A．Understand them and tell them not to do that again. |
| B．Let them learn the mistakes by themselves in time. |
| C．Compare them with brighter brothers or sisters. |
| D．Correct their mistakes immediately. |
| A．The duties of parents. |
| B．The best way to teach children. |
| C．The reason why children feel stupid and unworthy. |
| D．The reason why parents owe their children something. |
8 . We talk continuously about how to make children more “resilient (有恢复力的)”, but whatever we’re doing, it’s notworking. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers. What are we doing wrong?
Nassim Taleb invented the word “antifragile” and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.
Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we overprotect kids and keep them “safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions, we deprive (剥夺) them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong. Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events, such as teasing and social rejection.
It’s not the kids’ fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less. Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored activities went up.
Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence. Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth. Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter warned: “We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play.”
They wrote those words in 2011. Over the following few years, their prediction came true. Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation.
What can we do to change these trends? We can’t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow. The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut. Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go—and let them grow.
1. Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2?| A．To stress its importance. | B．To analyze the cause of anxiety. |
| C．To question the latest discovery. | D．To help understand a new word. |
| A．they are concerned about their children’s safety |
| B．they want to keep children from being teased |
| C．parent-monitored activities are a must |
| D．children are not independent enough |
| A．promote children’s resilience |
| B．strengthen children’s friendship |
| C．reduce children’s risky behavior |
| D．develop children’s leadership skills |
| A．Stop trying to perfect your child. |
| B．It takes great courage to raise children. |
| C．Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child. |
| D．The more exposed the children are to the risks, the more resilient they would become. |
9 . Much of the public debate around early childhood education comes down to which matters more： academics or play. That's a false dilemma. Play is really the way that young children learn and guided play is the key. It's a way that they experience the world, and it helps them learn more deeply.
We should be concerned that the“skill and drill”approach to teaching academics is most frequently used in classrooms serving at-risk preschoolers, in an attempt to close the gap on school readiness. Unfortunately, these teaching methods can turn young kids off to school and introduces the possibility of shame and anxiety. 46 Skill and drill” doesn't teach kids the curiosity and critical (批判的）thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.
However, pure free play—an approach advocated more frequently by wealthier groups—also misses the mark. “I hear a lot about just ‘free play classrooms’. ” But Suzanne Bouffard, an education researcher, said if it only involves setting out materials and not thinking about learning goals, there’s a real missed opportunity. For example, she said, researchers have found that children used more complex language about building activities when they had a goal in mind.
What effective preschools aim for is “guided play”，in which adults create a purposeful play environment that encourages students to explore，For example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids. They may ask students, “What are you doing?” and gently push kids’ thinking by offering new information.
Of course, the ability to find this balance rests with teachers. Good teachers make it look really easy，That's why it's really important that we invest(投入）in teachers and give them the training to guide play without overly controlling it and to encourage kids to develop an understanding of letters and numbers without “skill and drill”.
1. Which of the following matters most in early childhood education?| A．Having guided play. | B．Learning after play. |
| C．Seeing the world. | D．Studying academic courses. |
| A．It works best for preschoolers. |
| B．It helps develop kids’ curiosity. |
| C．It limits kids’ development. |
| D．It bridges the gap on school readiness. |
| A．Meets learning goals. | B．Loses points in exams. |
| C．Troubles the classroom. | D．Fails to achieve the goal. |
| A．To encourage the kids to copy. |
| B．To offer extra information. |
| C．To share the teaching purpose with the kids. |
| D．To inspire the kids to explore. |
10 . When Kevin Durant gave his tearful MVP speech in 2014, the NBA star made sure to thank one person who had been there with him from the very beginning: his mother. His heartfelt words about the sacrifices she made for Durant and his brother led to a lifetime movie about her journey as a single parent, The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story.
Today, the NBA superstar’s mom travels the country as a motivational speaker and philanthropist (慈善家). On Monday, she spoke at Thomson Reuters’ in New York about her personal struggles to achieve financial stability and shared the financial advice she gave her son when he entered the league with CNBC.
“I wanted him to realize he has worked hard,” she says, “And it is OK for him to enjoy himself because of his hard work. But it is also imperative that he prepares for his future.” While she advised him to enjoy the rewards of his labor, she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning.
She told the audience that when she found herself a single parent to two children at 21, she couldn’t follow the financial principles. Rather than planning for the future, she focused only on how her money could make ends meet for that moment.
Recently, Durant has teamed up with Laurene Powell Jobs for a new philanthropic program called College Track which is aimed at helping disadvantaged kids attend college. As part of the program, Durant has committed to donating $10 million to his hometown’s public school system.
Durant’s mom says that in addition to his financial decisions, she is proud of his philanthropic work and his desire to help the community. “I thought giving back was always very important, and so we talked about that and he had seen that from us as a family and it’s one of the things that I taught him,” she says.
1. What is The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story mainly about?| A．Durant’s career path. |
| B．Durant’s hard childhood. |
| C．Durant’s mother’s devotion to the family. |
| D．Durant’s mother’s struggling to be independent. |
| A．Enjoyable. | B．Important. |
| C．Unusual. | D．Hopeful. |
| A．Enjoying now and planning for the future. |
| B．Sharing rewards and creating a charity program. |
| C．Spending less money and saving for the emergencies. |
| D．Donating money to the charity and helping more schools. |
| A．His kind heart. | B．His poor hometown. |
| C．His mother’s teaching. | D．His difficult life experiences. |
