1 . Why you shouldn't punish your kids for lying

Getting your children to stop lying is challenging. There are many influences（TV，movies and video games）in which lies are common. Children see parents lie to others，if only to be polite. Most parents add to that with tales about the lives and activities of Santa Claus or the tooth fairy.     1    

The most common reactions to children who lie are explaining why it is wrong and punishments.     2     Here are three better tools supported by research to use instead.

Give praise: You could ask your child to say something that happened at school that is true. When your child obeys, praise him enthusiastically. Be specific.     3     and give your child a hug or a high five. Aim for one or two interactions（互动）like this a day. If you happen to "catch" your child in a lie，say something like，“That is not true and could get you in trouble outside of the home.”

Act as a model: Explicitly（明确地）tell the truth. This could be about something that happened when you were a child or something that happened during the day. It need not be dramatic. Another option is to play a game at dinner. Each person tells one thing that was true that day. Again，give a little praise to the child who normally lies if she plays along.

Decrease punishments and moralizing（说教）：They are unlikely to change behavior or develop the conduct you want.     4     Rather，use very mild punishments（light scolding，short loss of privileges，a brief timeout）. More severe punishments（shouting，taking away something for a week，hitting）are not more effective in actually changing the frequency of lying.

    5     Usually they can be dropped by then. It is unlikely that lying will be completely removed，but with the right encouragement，it can be dramatically lessened.

A．It is not what that is，but about practice.

B．As ways of changing behavior，these are ineffective.

C．That does not mean ignoring，lying or letting it go.

D．“That was great！You told me what happened just like I asked. Wow！”

E．Try these procedures for two to three weeks and see where you are.

F．“You did a good job，but what you said was not what I'd like to know！”

G．Parents do this out of love，but for some children，lying can become a problem.

2 . Going back to school can be an anxious time for many students. But one institution in Texas is doing its part to make sure middle schoolers are returning refreshed and inspired to learn.

Through a process called the "bathroom inspiration project," teachers and administrators at Warren Middle School, spent their summer beautifying the school's restrooms by painting motivational murals (壁画) on each of the stalls (小隔间).Forming messages like "Your mistakes don't define you" and "Scatter (撒播) kindness," the brightly colored words are exactly what a young student needs to see when having a rough day-or any school day for that matter. And now that classes are officially in session, people are already noticing a positive impact.

Since posting photos of upgrades to the school in July, Principal Joshua Garcia says that the alterations have aroused a great response.

"Students have been talking about the murals from the moment the pictures had been posted. Some even took the time to find a reason to come up to the campus to see the murals," he says."I think what makes this small little action so valuable is that it has set the tone for our campus."

And not only is that important to students, parents, and fellow staff, but it is also vital for the school's new principal, who is trying to gain the trust of the community during a time in which trust is so necessary for schools.

"Being new to the campus, I think the parents were able to see how much I value their children and have their best interest at heart,” Garcia continues. “I have had many parents tell me how they can just feel a difference in the campus climate and how much they are enjoying seeing their children wanting to come here. These murals have put trust back in the campus and its teachers, and by doing so we are able to build a culture in which our students want to be here and learn.”

1. What has happened at Warren Middle School?

A．Painting has become popular among most students.

B．Some students have suffered great anxiety at school.

C．Its toilets have been beautified with inspiring words.

D．Motivational murals have been made in each classroom.

2. What does the underlined word "alterations” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Rules.

B．Arguments.

C．Changes.

D．Opportunities.

3. What's students and parents' attitude toward those murals?

A．Negative.

B．Ambiguous.

C．Uninterested.

D．Supportive.

4. What does Garcia intend to do according to the text?

A．Reduce increasing anxiety.

B．Build an artistic atmosphere.

C．Create a trusting environment.

D．Introduce a new culture to society.

3 . When Kevin Durant gave his tearful MVP speech in 2014, the NBA star made sure to thank one person who had been there with him from the very beginning: his mother. His heartfelt words about the sacrifices she made for Durant and his brother led to a lifetime movie about her journey as a single parent, The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story.

Today, the NBA superstar’s mom travels the country as a motivational speaker and philanthropist (慈善家). On Monday, she spoke at Thomson Reuters’ in New York about her personal struggles to achieve financial stability and shared the financial advice she gave her son when he entered the league with CNBC.

“I wanted him to realize he has worked hard,” she says, “And it is OK for him to enjoy himself because of his hard work. But it is also imperative that he prepares for his future.” While she advised him to enjoy the rewards of his labor, she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning.

She told the audience that when she found herself a single parent to two children at 21, she couldn’t follow the financial principles. Rather than planning for the future, she focused only on how her money could make ends meet for that moment.

Recently, Durant has teamed up with Laurene Powell Jobs for a new philanthropic program called College Track which is aimed at helping disadvantaged kids attend college. As part of the program, Durant has committed to donating $10 million to his hometown’s public school system.

Durant’s mom says that in addition to his financial decisions, she is proud of his philanthropic work and his desire to help the community. “I thought giving back was always very important, and so we talked about that and he had seen that from us as a family and it’s one of the things that I taught him,” she says.

1. What is The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story mainly about?

A．Durant’s career path.

B．Durant’s hard childhood.

C．Durant’s mother’s devotion to the family.

D．Durant’s mother’s struggling to be independent.

2. What does the underlined word “imperative” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Enjoyable.	B．Important.
C．Unusual.	D．Hopeful.

3. What are the financial principles of Durant’s mom?

A．Enjoying now and planning for the future.

B．Sharing rewards and creating a charity program.

C．Spending less money and saving for the emergencies.

D．Donating money to the charity and helping more schools.

4. What made Durant pay attention to the charity program?

A．His kind heart.	B．His poor hometown.
C．His mother’s teaching.	D．His difficult life experiences.

4 . Reducing class size has traditionally been seen as an important way to improve a student’s   educational experience. Many often believe that smaller classes would permit teachers to give more personal attention to their students.     1    .

But one recent study suggests there's not much research-based evidence to support this idea. The research was collected by a team from Denmark's Danish Center for Social Science Research.

The study notes that one of the main problems with reducing class size is that it can have very high costs.     2    . Financial limitations make it very difficult for many schools to reduce the number of students in the classroom.

The new study began by examining 127 studies on classroom size. Its goal was to examine the major research studies already completed on the subject.     3    . In the end, the research centered on 10 main studies with possible sampling (采样)problems.

The researchers concluded that there's some evidence to suggest that reducing class size may lead to some improvement in a student 's reading achievement.     4    . They found just a 53-percent chance that a randomly selected test score from a student from a small class would be higher than the selected score of a student from a larger class.     5    . This led the researchers to conclude that there would be no benefit at all to math students in a smaller class size.

A．But they said the effect is very small

B．For mathematics achievement, the result was 49 percent

C．This can theoretically lead to improved academic results for students

D．Many public opinion studies have shown teachers favor smaller class sizes

E．The effects of larger class size can stay long after the students complete their education

F．Increasing class size is one of the most common ways school systems control education spending

G．They especially centered on those trying to measure if smaller class size led to greater academic success

5 . With golden sunshine and a gentle breeze（微风）, autumn is the most beautiful seasons in the year. This is a great time to go outside and have fun. Go to a valley to see red maple trees,go and pick fruit in an orchard or find an open field to fly your kite in.

However, for many high school students, these great activities may be just a dream. With plenty of work to do, they spend all their hours indoors, struggling for a high mark in their exams. Of course, study is one of the most important things for teenagers. But life is definitely much more than that.

Sometimes we spend so much time studying that we forget how to make life wonderful. In doing so, we lose the real purpose of life —to be a valuable and happy person. To enjoy just how great it is to be alive, we have to put down our books and pens and look around us. Students, take some exercise to improve your health, talk with your parents and friends for understanding and walk around outside to refresh（振作）our body and mind.

Going out and enjoying the beautiful countryside often helps our creativity in our work. Chinese craftsman, Lu Ban created a saw to help woodworkers. But if he hadn’t walked outside, he would not have been inspired by a kind of toothed（锯齿状的）grass. We could also suppose if Newton hadn’t rested under that apple tree, then he wouldn’t have been hit by an apple, and his classic（经典的）theories would not have come out.

Going out is not only a break from hard work, but a chance to add to life experience. So come on, give your brain a good rest. Step out of the books and get your bag ready for an autumn outing. We are sure you will get much more than knowledge from the exciting journey.

1. In which paragraph does the writer make a summary about his opinion?

A．Paragraph 1.	B．Paragraph 2.
C．Paragraph 4.	D．Paragraph 5.

2. Why is going out a dream for many high school students?

A．They are unhappy to do so.

B．They have too much work to do for getting high marks in the exams.

C．Their parents don’t allow them to do so.

D．They think study is the most important thing for them.

3. The passage is developed mainly by______________.

A．describing the beautiful scenery in Autumn

B．pointing out the present situation of high school students

C．making predictions

D．reasoning and giving examples

4. What message can you learn from the passage?

A．Going out can make high school students get more.

B．Nature is power.

C．All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

D．The author isn’t happy with our education at all.

6 . The “Bystander Apathy Effect” was first studied by researchers in New York after neighbors ignored — and in some cases turned up the volume on their TVs — the cries of a woman as she was murdered (over a half-hour period). With regard to helping those in difficulty generally, they found that:
(1) women are helped more than men;
(2) men help more than women;
(3) attractive women are helped more than unattractive women.

Other factors relate to the number of people in the area, whether the person is thought to be in trouble through their own fault, and whether a person sees himself as being able to help.

       According to Adrian Furnham, Professor of University College, London, there are three reasons why we tend to stand by doing nothing:
(1) “Shifting of responsibility”— the more people there are, the less likely help is to be given. Each person excuses himself by thinking someone else will help, so that the more “other people’ there are, the greater the total shifting of responsibility.
(2) “Fear of making a mistake” — situations are often not clear. People think that those involved in an accident may know each other or it may be a joke, so a fear of embarrassment makes them keep themselves to themselves.
(3) “Fear of the consequences if attention is turned on you, and the person is violent.”

Laurie Taylor, Professor of Sociology at London University, says: “In the experiments I’ve seen on intervention (介入), much depends on the neighborhood or setting. There is a silence on public transport which is hard to break. We are embarrassed to draw attention to something that is happening, while in a football match, people get involved, and a fight would easily follow.”

Psychotherapist Alan Dupuy identifies the importance of the individual: “The British as a whole have some difficulty intervening, but there are exceptional individuals in every group who are prepared to intervene, regardless of their own safety: These would be people with a strong moral code or religious ideals.”

1. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．Pretty women are more likely to be helped.

B．People on a bus are more likely to stop a crime.

C．Religious people are more likely to look on.

D．Criminals are more likely to harm women.

2. Which factor is NOT related with intervention according to the passage?

A．Sex.

B．Nationality.

C．Profession.

D．Setting.

3. Which phenomenon can be described as the “Bystander Apathy Effect”?

A．When one is in trouble, people think it’s his own fault.

B．In a football match, people get involved in a fight.

C．Seeing a murder, people feel sorry that it should have happened.

D．On hearing a cry for help, people keep themselves to themselves.

4. The author wrote this article ______.

A．to explain why bystanders behave as they do

B．to urge people to stand out when in need

C．to criticize the selfishness of bystanders

D．to analyze the weakness of human nature

7 . Teaching Poetry

No poem should ever be discussed or "analyzed"， until it has been read aloud by someone， teacher or student． Better still， perhaps， is the practice of reading it twice， once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end， so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it．

All discussions of poetry are， in fact， preparations for reading it aloud， and the reading of the poem is， finally， the most telling "interpretation" of it， suggesting tone， rhythm， and meaning all at once． Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice， on records or on film， is obviously a special reward． But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or， best of all， reciting it．

I have come to think， in fact， that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analyzing" it， if there isn't time for both． I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry． Poetry is "a criticism of life"， and "a heightening of lief"． It is "an approach to the truth of feeling"， and it "can save your life"． It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies．

I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry． Those who don't like it should not be forced to communicate this to anyone else． But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few thins about its essential nature， about its sound as well as its sense， and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it．

1. To have a better understanding of a poem， one should　 　．

A．analyze it by oneself

B．discuss it with others

C．practise reading it aloud

D．copy it down in a notebook

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of poetry？

A．Extending your life

B．Saving your life

C．Criticizing life

D．Heightening life

3. The last sentence in the third paragraph imply　 　．

A．The teaching of poetry is more important than any other subject．

B．More importance should be given to the teaching of poetry．

C．Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses．

D．One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry．

4. The underlined phrase "make room" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by　 　．

A．provide equipment

B．build a school

C．set up a house

D．leave a certain amount of time

8 . They had a dozen children, six boys and six girls, in seventeen years. One reason Dad had so many children was that he was confident anything he and Mother teamed upon was sure to be a success.

Our house at Montclair, New Jersey, was a sort of school for scientific management and the removal of wasted motions — or “motion study,” as Dad and Mother named it.

Dad took moving pictures of us children washing dishes, so that he could determine how we could reduce our motions and thus hurry through the task. Each child who wanted extra pocket money put forward an offer saying what he would do the job for. The lowest bidder got the contract(合约).

Dad put process and work charts in the bathrooms. Every child old enough to write — and Dad expected his children to start writing at a young age — was required to sign their names on the charts in the morning after he had brushed his teeth, taken a bath, combed his hair, and made his bed. At night, each child had to weigh himself, mark the figure on a graph, and sign the process charts again after he had done his homework, washed his hands and face, and brushed his teeth. Mother wanted to have a place on the charts for saying prayers, but Dad said as far as he was concerned prayers were voluntary.

It was strict management, all right. Yes, at home or on the job, Dad was always the efficiency expert. He buttoned his vest from the bottom up, instead of from the top down, because the bottom-to-top process took him only three seconds, while the top-to-bottom took seven. He even used two shaving brushes to make his face smooth enough, because he found that by so doing he could cut seventeen seconds off his shaving time. For a while he tried shaving with two razors, but he finally gave that up.

“I can save forty-four seconds,” he complained, “but I wasted two minutes this morning putting this bandage on my throat.” It wasn’t the injured throat that really bothered him. It was the two minutes.

1. Why was the author’s house considered a sort of school?

A．It had a team of twelve children there.

B．The children were taught how to work well in it.

C．The parents could teach their children better at home.

D．The parents could have the children’s daily activities recorded.

2. What is the purpose of signing the charts?

A．To help to do things efficiently.	B．To manage the big family effectively.
C．To look after the children better.	D．To remind the children to obey the rules.

3. What did the father complain about one morning?

A．He should have given up shaving.	B．His bleeding throat bothered him.
C．He couldn’t shave with two razors.	D．He failed to cut short his shaving time.

4. We can we infer from the text?

A．The kids had to bid for everything they wanted.

B．The author took pride in his father’s management.

C．The couple were always troubled by their children.

D．The father’s work was to teach the children at home.

9 . As the world around them is changing, teenagers continue to need guidance and support from both parents. Studies show that teens who have an active relationship with their fathers are less likely (可能的)to involve themselves in dangerous behaviors and more likely ton succeed in school and develop higher self-worth, because their fathers go beyond social expectations to devote attention to them.

Peer (同龄人) pressure has always been a big part of the teens’ experience. Even the best father can’t completely protect their kids from the growing influence of their peer group. However, studies show that teenagers whose fathers focus on their lives are more likely to resist (抵抗) the more bad effects of peer pressure, taking drugs, for example.

Teens may not like to admit it, but they are watching their parents closely and often follow their example. An interesting finding explains just how important parents are, especially Dad. Swiss researchers discovered that if Dad attends church, even though Mom doesn’t, 44 percent of the kids are still more likely to keep going to church as adults. But if Mom goes regularly and Dad never shows up, only 2 percent of the kids continue to attend.

Teenagers face a lot of difficult choices, especially in their later teens. Fathers don’t get to make those choices for them, but they can be influenced. For example, teenagers can learn a lot from their parents’ concern on what to do when they finish high school. Should they go directly to college and, if so, where? Should they consider going to trade schools, joining the army or looking for a job?A father’s guidance brings a long-term perspective that teens often lack to these important decisions.

1. Teenagers without fathers’ focus are more likely to________.

A．have higher self-worth

B．experience some dangerous things

C．become the best students in school

D．resist all bad effects of peer pressure

2. What does the third paragraph tell us?

A．More teenagers pay no attention to their parents.

B．Teenagers never attend church with their mothers.

C．Teenagers often treat their fathers as role models.

D．Fewer teenagers like to attend church wit h their fathers.

3. Which can replace the underlined word “perspective” in the last paragraph?

A．lots of concern

B．job

C．school

D．point of view

4. What can we learn from the text?

A．Teenagers are greatly influenced by their fathers.

B．Teenagers care less about what their parents do.

C．Mothers have no effect on their children’s life.

D．Fathers should make choices for teenagers directly.

10 . Today, we are told , children don’t spend enough time in the fresh air. Many of them are addicted to a screen either on a computer or a TV—they seem to be living in a virtual world. They have lost touch with nature.

But now 400 organizations in the UK, from playgroups to the National Health Service, are encouraging children to have some “wild time”. They want kids to swap at least 30 minutes of watching TV or playing computer games for time playing outside. Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging for conkers and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do. Even if they live in a city, they can go on adventures in the garden or the park.

Children often need a helping hand from mom and dad. They need to be shown what to do and where to go. Andy Simpson from National Health Service says, “We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids’ development, independence and creativity., by giving wild time a go”.

So despite the complicated world that young people grow up in now, it seems that going back to basics and experiencing “nature’s playground” is what modern children need. David Bond from Project Wild Thing says, “We need to make more space for wild time in children’s daily routine, freeing this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted”.

This might sound a bit old fashioned to you or maybe, like me, it’s made you think about sticking on your boots, getting outdoors and relieving your childhood. There’s no age limit on enjoying yourself!

1. What’s the best title of the text?

A．Wild time for children

B．Benefits of wild time

C．More space for children

D．Adventures of children

2. Children are encouraged to do the following activities except ________.

A．building dens	B．climbing trees
C．playing hide and seek	D．watching TV

3. According to Andy Simpson, we know that _______.

A．wild time is hard to design

B．wild time is beneficial for children

C．parents know the importance of wild time

D．parents like keeping their children indoors

4. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A．Modern children need wild time.

B．Adults value outdoor activities.

C．The present world is complicated.

D．This generation of kids have no freedom.