2 . Soaring to 29, 035 feet, the famous Mount Everest had long been considered unclimbable due to the freezing weather, the obvious potential fall from cliffs and the effects of the extreme high altitude, often called “mountain sickness.” But that was to be changed by Edmund Hillary.

When he was invited to join the British Everest expedition in 1953, Edmund Hillary was a highly capable climber. The glacier-covered peaks in his hometown in New Zealand proved a perfect training ground for the Himalaya. It was his fourth Himalayan expedition in just over two years and he was at the peak of fitness.

On May 28, 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay, an experienced Sherpa (夏尔巴人) set out and reached the South Summit by 9 a. m. next day. But after that, the ridge (山脊) slightly fell before rising suddenly in a rocky spur (尖坡) about 17 meters high just before the true summit. The formation is difficult to climb due to its extreme pitch because a mistake would be deadly. Scratching at the snow with his ax, Hillary managed to overcome this enormous obstacle, later to be known as the Hillary Step.

At 11:30 a. m, the two men found themselves standing at the top of the world. “Not until we were about 50 feet of the top was I ever completely convinced that we were actually going to reach the summit.” Hillary later recounted, “Of course I was very, very pleased to be on the summit, but my first thought was a little bit of surprise. After all, this is the ambition of all mountaineers.”

Emerging as the first to summit Mount Everest, Hillary Hillary continued by helping explore Antarctica, and establishing the Himalayan Trust (信托基金), through which he provided a number of beneficial services to the Himalayan peoples. He also a sizeable legacy that mountain climbers have chased ever since. As a young climber said, “It was not just Hillary and Tenzing that reached the summit of Mount Everest. It was all of humanity. Suddenly, all of us could go.”

1. What made Edmund Hillary a capable climber on the 1953 expedition?

A．His undisputed reputation.	B．His remarkable physical condition.
C．His previous training on Mount Everest.	D．His exceptional ability to adapt to the cold.

2. What does the Hillary Step refer to?

A．A mistake Hillary avoided making.	B．A steep spur of rock Hillary conquered.
C．An ax Hillary used to scratch snow.	D．A sudden fall of a ridge Hillary skipped.

3. What was Hillary’s initial feeling upon reaching the summit of Mount Everest?

A．Overwhelming joy.	B．Enormous pride.
C．Complete disbelief.	D．A touch of astonishment.

4. What was the impact of Hillary’s achievement on mountaineering?

A．It opens up possibilities for other climbers.

B．It enabled him to give back to his hometown.

C．It left financial benefits for climbers to pursue.

D．It led to friendly regulations for mountaineering.

4 . Climbers targeting peaks above 5,000 meters in the Tibet autonomous region, including the north side of Qomolangma, now have to apply for a permit, according to a rule issued by Chinese sports authorities.

To make climbing safer, or at least less deadly, the General Administration of Sport and the sports bureau of Tibet released a notification (通知) requiring climbers to send an application to the bureau at least a month in advance of their planned climb. It said climbing without permits will be strictly forbidden.

“In recent years, cases of injuries, missing people and deaths have been witnessed as a result of illegal climbing,” the notification said. “Climbing is a highly professional sport with high risk. Most illegal climbers lack professional skills, facilities and tour guides. Such activities will interfere with orderly climbing and bring risks, not only to the climbers themselves but also rescuers. They will also lead to a loss of personal or national property.”

Applications will need to detail each individual climber’s personal information, proposed climbing routes and related plans. Climbers are also being asked to obey related rules to protect mountain environments. The notification also urged regional government departments to strengthen safety checks and the prohibition of illegal climbing, encourage residents to join regular patrols near major climbing routes and promote public education on climbing safety.

In a previous interview with China Daily, Kul Bahadur Gurung, general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association, said difficult weather conditions, lack of experience and support personnel, and the commercialization (商业化) of expeditions were the main reasons for the high death toll on the world’s highest peak. “Since the number of people reaching the summit of Everest is increasing, everyone thinks it is easier to climb and everyone can climb, which is a totally false idea,” he said.

1. Why is a permit needed for Qomolangma climbers?

A．To stop illegal climbing.	B．To provide training ahead.
C．To limit the number of climbers.	D．To collect climbers’ information.

2. Which word can best replace the underlined “interfere with” in Paragraph 3?

A．Test.

B．Change.

C．Replace.

D．Disturb.

3. What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the notification?

A．Its content.

B．Its purpose.

C．Its background.

D．Its impact.

4. What does Kul Bahadur Gurung think of the Everest climbing?

A．It’s a totally false idea.	B．It should be eco-friendly.
C．It’s highly professional.	D．It should be non-profitable.

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

On a nearly winter afternoon, my dad and I decided to climb the Carpathian Mountains, about 4, 500 feet high. My dad said it would be an easy three-hour trip in a natural habitat. I couldn’t wait. Having spent spring, summer, and early fall climbing the mountains, I felt confident I’d have no trouble in climbing it.

The hillside we started was rather sloping (陡峭的). This side of the mountain was covered with a pine forest. The trees were incredibly high and thick; their knotted large roots cut the ground here and there, forming natural footsteps and making the climbing a little bit easier. The air was fresh and clean. After about 30 minutes of climbing, we heard the sound of a stream and rushed to it for a drink.

After about two hours of climbing, we found ourselves traveling over snow-covered ridge (山脊). The road became harder and more dangerous. It seemed that my dad had made a mistake — the trip was not that easy a she described. Watching the steep and rocky climb ahead, I knew I was finished. My original confidence gave way to tiredness completely. My knees were in great pain and my legs were trembling, reaching the point where I couldn’t move them at all. The peak (山顶) seemed unreachable. To make matters worse, snowflakes were starting to fall and strong winds were gathering around me. I hopelessly stared at my dad. “Dad, let’s go back. I can’t move an inch,” I said tiredly with tears pooling in my eyes.

注意：
1.续写词数应为100个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Just one small step at a time,” Dad encouraged me.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Eventually, we made it to the peak.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It is just 70 years since the first    1    (climber) got to the top of Mount Qomolangma. On May 29^th, 1953, Edmund Hillary from New Zealand, and Tenzing Norgay from Nepal finally    2    (reach) the world’s highest peak for the first time inhuman history. During the past 70 years, thousands of men and women have tried to get to the top,     3    only 4,469 have made their dreams come true.

Climbing Mount Qomolangma is the most dangerous sport in the world. The climbers have     4    (face) sudden snow storms, avalanches and some other terrible weather conditions. The    5    (high) they climb, the more difficulties they will meet. On the way    6    the top they may lose their lives at any time. It    7    (report) that more than 300 climbers had to live there forever. In May, 1960, a Chinese mountaineering team reached the summit from the north ridge and showed our    8    (nation) flag on the top to the world for the first time.

Once someone asked why people never stopped    9    (try) to reach the top. “I don’t think climbing the highest mountain only means danger or death. It is really    10    chance to challenge. You can really understand the love of nature and the true meaning of life,” a reporter of CCTV answered.

7 . On Monday, American ski mountaineer Hilaree Nelson and her partner Jim Morrison reached the summit of 26,781-foot Manaslu, the eighth-highest mountain in the world. Soon after the 49-year-old Nelson began her descent（下降）on skis，she triggered small avalanche（雪崩）and was swept away. On Wednesday, Morrison found her body.

“Often times in life, people want to play it safe, and we make everything around us to be comfortable and safe,” ski mountaineer Hilaree Nelson once said. “Therefore, we can make choices where you can see where that road is going to take you, and I've always been tending to make a choice that I don't know where it's going to take me.”

Nelson, a National Geographic Explorer, had a distinctive sense of travel that led her through more than 40 expeditions to 16 countries. In 2012, six years later, Nelson returned to Lhotse to become the first to ski from its summit.

She was deeply respected for both her extensive big-mountain experience, and her mindful approach to life's challenges. In 2018, Nelson was named captain of the North Face Athlete Team, a title only one other athlete has held. A National Geographic Society grantee, she was also one of the winners of the 2018 National Geographic Adventurer of the Year award. Despite her many super-hero accomplishments, friends recall her as a thoughtful presence and quiet leader, someone who never sought the limelight.

Throughout her career, Nelson struggled at times with the expectations and limitations of being a woman, a mother, and a professional adventurer---and becoming a role model for younger generations of female athletes in the process. “Nelson paved the way for women in the adventure sports space with her refusal to choose between motherhood and her athletic career," says Emily Harrington, a climber who joined her on the Hkakabo Razi expedition. “ She followed her passion as well as raising her family with a mix of courage and grace in a way only a true leader could.”

1. What happened to Hilaree Nelson according to paragraph 1?

A．She lost her life because of an avalanche.

B．She reached the summit of Manaslu alone.

C．She failed to find her partner and lost her life.

D．Her partner found her body a week after her death.

2. Why did Nelson return to Lhotse in 2012?

A．To explore the high mountain.

B．To meet with her partner Morrison.

C．To challenge herself to ski from its top.

D．To become the best woman explorer to ski.

3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．Courage of Nelson as a good adventurer.

B．Reasons for Nelson's love for adventures.

C．Hardships for Nelson to balance life and work.

D．The great achievements Nelson once achieved.

4. Which of the following best describes Hilaree Nelson ?

A．Careful and confident.	B．Devoted and adventurous.
C．Thoughtful and considerate.	D．Creative and responsible.

8 . El Capitan in Yosemite National Park in California rises 3, 000-feet from base to summit (最高点). It’s a vertical (垂首的) wall of rock, making it a popular________ for rock climbers from all over the world.

In fact, climbers like Joe Baker say summiting El Capitan is the ________ goal for adventurers. His son, Sam Baker, became the youngest person to overcome the ________ wall of rock. Oh, did we mention that Sam is only 8 years old?

Joe has climbed the mountain before, but ________ from the base to the summit. Making the climb was a dream of his, and seeing his son meet the ________ of one of the most difficult formations in the world made the experience even more ________. Sam was well-prepared for the hardships they’d encounter while climbing, and he ________ hard for the task. On October 30th, Sam ________ the top of the rock face, setting a youngest record to climb El Capitan! Joe ________ the news on Instagram. “We ________it!” he wrote. “Sam wanted to end our ________ with a cuddle (拥抱). I’m so ________ of Sam. He completed the youngest record of climbing El Capitan! In a few years he might ________ more records.”

What an extraordinary ________, especially for someone so young! We can’t wait to see this young athlete breaks records as he continues on his ________ journey.

1.

A．landscape

B．destination

C．object

D．scene

2.

A．ultimate

B．unique

C．flexible

D．incredible

3.

A．clean

B．impressive

C．smooth

D．diverse

4.

A．eventually

B．constantly

C．never

D．sometimes

5.

A．standard

B．requirement

C．deadline

D．challenge

6.

A．beneficial

B．defensive

C．special

D．alarming

7.

A．served

B．preserved

C．reacted

D．trained

8.

A．left

B．gained

C．reached

D．measured

9.

A．shared

B．noticed

C．received

D．removed

10.

A．tried

B．made

C．kept

D．got

11.

A．adventure

B．case

C．memory

D．plot

12.

A．worthy

B．proud

C．aware

D．fond

13.

A．break

B．build

C．forget

D．maintain

14.

A．evidence

B．mission

C．arrangement

D．achievement

15.

A．surfing

B．studying

C．climbing

D．living