1 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Catherine was the coolest kid in her class. Whenever she went, she was in the spotlight, with a bunch of kids following her and doing everything she did.
Her deskmate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids’ group. Being the tallest kid in her class, she was teased by her classmates, who were always chanting “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti (意大利面 )”. Every time Landy heard those silly chants, she could feel her face burst into flames. God knew how she wished the ground to crack and swallow her!
Catherine didn’t really like it when the kids chanted “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti”. But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to her. She liked being popular.
One weekend, Catherine went over to her grandfather for Thanksgiving. Her grandfather lives on a farm at the opposite end of town, where he keeps chickens. While helping to feed the chickens, Catherine noticed a peculiar one. Curling in the corner, it looked smaller than the others and was almost half-bare!
“What’s the matter with it?” She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face. Her grandfather told her how chickens could act. “They have a pecking (啄) order,” he explained, wrinkles of concern spreading around his forehead. “If one chicken is different, the others will push it away and keep pecking it. Sometimes they peck it so much that it dies.”
“Oh, what a poor little thing!” Catherine let out a sigh as she scooped the frightened chicken up in her arms, whose heart was beating fast in the bony little body. Suddenly, she thought of Landy, the girl being “pecked” by her classmates. “I’m going to take it home and take good care of it,” she said with a determined look.
Back in school, Catherine told the cool kids about the chicken. “It’s looking healthy,” she said proudly. “It’s fatter and its feathers are growing. Even the cat likes it. She carries it around the garden, and...” Everyone was entertained by Catherine’s story of her lovely chicken, laughter lingering around the classroom.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1. Then Catherine spotted Landy sitting by herself in a corner.
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Paragraph 2. But Catherine walked directly toward Landy, regardless of what they said.
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One day, Gina received a smartphone. But she didn’t know how to use it. So Gina went to her daughter’s house to ask her grandson, Josh, for help.
When seeing Josh, Gina asked him for help. “Sorry Grandma. I have to leave for baseball now,” Josh answered from the sofa, his eyes locked on his own phone. Then he stood up, took his baseball bag, and left. Over the next few days, Gina went to see Josh several times. However, Josh always had something to do, giving excuses such as going to the movies.
Gina finally understood Josh actually didn’t want to help her. She stopped asking him. She turned to some friends for help. Before long, she learned how to use her phone to read stories, communicate with friends, etc.
Later, on a Monday evening, Gina visited her daughter, Oona. They happily talked when Josh was making dinner. Suddenly, they heard Josh crying out. Oona rushed towards the kitchen. Gina followed and found Josh’s hands burned by hot water by accident. “Mom, I think we need to go to the hospital,” Oona said. “Yes, I’ll drive,” Gina said.
At last, the doctor said Josh would be fine after a few days, but his hands would be bandaged (用绷带包扎). Josh was also advised not to go to school for some days so he could rest and get better soon. Oona asked Josh’s best friend to tell him his homework.
On Wednesday, Josh was alone at home. His grandma came to help make lunch for him, because he couldn’t use his hands. While Gina was cooking, Josh wanted to check his homework. His friend had sent his homework assignment to his phone through emails and text messages. But Josh couldn’t operate his phone. He realized he had to ask his grandma to help him out.
And he suddenly remembered he had refused to help his grandma when she asked for help with her phone. He was regretful and afraid she wouldn’t help him. But he decided to have a try.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Grandma,” he finally said, standing before the kitchen,
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Then, Gina sent Josh’s homework assignment to his computer.
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1. 讲座的时间和地点;
2. 讲座的对象和内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
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Yours,
Li Hua
A report showed that a crowd of
Jingzhe is the
“The event,
5 . Kishwar Chowdhury, who has won millions of hearts with her native food, came a long way from being a home chef to a Masterchef Australia (Australia’s cooking show) finalist, wining the judges with Bengali food.
The 38-year-old has quite a
She had cooked a
| A．constant | B．contrasting | C．connective | D．common |
| A．pursued | B．succeeded | C．contained | D．searched |
| A．wasted | B．squeezed | C．spent | D．spared |
| A．establishing | B．examining | C．completing | D．copying |
| A．patience | B．experience | C．fund | D．talent |
| A．leader | B．partner | C．audience | D．finalist |
| A．casual | B．wide | C．free | D．relevant |
| A．impressing | B．inspiring | C．reminding | D．awarding |
| A．possessed | B．bought | C．presented | D．promised |
| A．precious. | B．leftover | C．occasional | D．fresh |
| A．emotional | B．sensitive | C．scared | D．conscious |
| A．customer | B．culture | C．cuisine | D．literature |
| A．take over | B．toss down | C．pass down | D．set up |
| A．activities. | B．themes | C．population | D．generations |
| A．experience | B．honour | C．affect | D．equal |
6 . Your eyes can water for many reasons, including weather, allergies (过敏) or, more seriously, an infection.
Watering due to weather
Changes in seasons typically can cause changes to the eye due to the amount of humidity in the air and allergens. As winter approaches and we increase heat at home, work and in the car, the air loses humidity, which causes the eye to become very dry.
Pink eye
Pink eye is one of the most frustrating eye conditions. It commonly causes red and very watery eyes.
Watering and dry eye
Eye scratches
A scratch on the cornea (角膜) is extremely painful and will cause redness, blurred vision and watering. The cornea is one of the most sensitive parts of the body and usually heals quickly with appropriate treatment. If you think your eye is scratched, it’s best to see your eye doctor as soon as possible.
| A．Otherwise, it can easily become infected. |
| B．Most pink eye is caused by a virus, like the common cold. |
| C．So your eyes try to help increase the amount of tears produced. |
| D．This can cause redness and dryness of the eyelid itself and watering. |
| E．Even just walking through an area with allergens can cause eyes to water. |
| F．It seems not logical, but watering is the most bothersome sign of dry eye. |
| G．If your eyes water suddenly, watch the environmental factors you’re being exposed to. |
7 . Researchers at the University of Helsinki recently examined hyperactivity (过分好动) and inattention in more than 11, 000 Finnish pet dogs. They found that the dog’s age and gender, as well as exposure to other dogs, played a part.
“We wanted to collect a large behavioral data of dogs to better understand behavior problems that are common in our companion dogs. We studied seven characteristics: noise sensitivity, fearfulness, fear of surfaces and heights, inattention, compulsive behavior, separation – related behavior, and aggression,” says Sini Sulkama, a researcher at the University of Helsinki.
Their goal was to identify demographic (人口统计的), environmental, and behavioral risk factors that could influence these anxiety - related characteristics in dogs. Their analysis showed that hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention were more common in young dogs and male dogs. They also found some major differences among breeds.
Interestingly, researchers discovered that the owner’s experience with dogs also had an impact. They found that hyperactivity and impulsivity are more common in dogs that aren’t their owners’ first dogs. “We can only conclude the possible relationship between these factors, but one possible explanation is that people try to choose easy individuals from less active breeds, like companion dog breeds as their first dogs,” says Sulkama.
They also calculated the urban environmental score for each dog. That describes how the land is used around the dog’s current home, breaking it down into artificial surface, agricultural areas, forests, and semi natural areas.
Although it might seem like most dogs are easily distracted to some extent, studies suggest that about 15% of dogs display high levels of hyperactivity and 20% show high levels of inattention. Researchers say they can make it easier to identify and treat dogs’ hyperactivity and inattention and may benefit the research. They can also be helpful when choosing to add a dog to the family. You might want to adopt a pet with the characteristics of a breed that matches your lifestyle.
1. What’s one of the factors causing dogs’ hyperactivity?| A．Their noise sensitivity. | B．Their owners’ character, |
| C．Their aggressive behavior. | D．Their exposure to other dogs. |
| A．The research content. | B．The research process. |
| C．The background of the study. | D．The composition of the research team. |
| A．Active dogs are less likely to suffer from hyperactivity. | B．People are sick of dogs with hyperactivity. |
| C．Hyperactivity in dogs is transmitted by their owners. | D．People’s first pet dog is often less active. |
| A．To understand dogs’ behavioral problems. | B．To collect a large behavioral data of dogs. |
| C．To help a company promote pet supplies. | D．To research dogs’ mental health. |
8 . What if AI could interpret your imagination, turning images in your mind into reality? While that sounds like a detail in a science fiction, researchers have now accomplished exactly this. Researchers found that they could reconstruct highly accurate images from brain activity by using the popular stable diffusion (扩散) image generation model. The authors wrote that unlike previous studies, they didn’t need to train the AI models to create these images.
The researchers said that they first predicted a potential representation, which is a model of the image’s data, from fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) signals. Then, the model was processed and noise was added to it through the diffusion process. Finally, the researchers decoded (解码) text representations from fMRI signals and used them as input to produce a final constructed image.
The researchers wrote that a few studies have produced good reconstructions of images but it was only after training. This resulted in limitations because training complex models are challenging and there are not many samples to work with. Prior to this new study, no other researchers had tried using diffusion models for visual reconstruction.
In the past, we’ve seen other examples of how brainwaves and brain functions can create images. In 2014, a Shanghai - based artist Jody Xiong used sensors to connect sixteen people with disabilities to balloons of paint. The people would then use their thoughts to burst specific balloons and create their own paintings.
With the advancement of AI, more and more researchers have been testing the ways AI models can work with the human brain. In a January 2022 study, researchers at Radboud University in the Netherlands trained an AI network on fMRI data from 1, 050 unique faces and converted the brain imaging results into actual images. The study found that the AI was able to perform reconstruction. In the latest study, the researchers found that current diffusion models can now achieve high-quality visual reconstruction.
1. How did researchers make images from brain activity in the previous research?| A．By using generation model. | B．By training AI models. |
| C．By reconstructing mind. | D．By predicting people’s imagination. |
| A．The fMRI signals | B．The diffusion text. |
| C．The processed model. | D．The text representation. |
| A．Their training work is very challenging. |
| B．They’ve made training models less complex. |
| C．Nobody has reconstructed images by brainwaves. |
| D．They can reconstruct accurate images from brain activity. |
| A．Few researchers have used AI to make reconstruct images. |
| B．Scientists should do more to make high - quality reconstruction. |
| C．The AI models should be improved to work with fMRI data. |
| D．The AI contributes a lot to good visual reconstruction. |
9 . Every day, there are 25, 000 flights in America. Accidents are so rare that flying is much safer than car travel. But that doesn’t stop many people from panic when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33, 000 feet above the ground. Not being at the controls makes us feel a bit helpless. When the negative thoughts begin to swirl (打旋), even in a very safe place, we will suddenly feel panic.
That’s what happened recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline. Many of us can go along doing ordinary things and suddenly be overcome with fear. The physical symptoms are real, and it requires a calming force to steady our emotions. In panic mode, every sound and movement feels like a threat. The passengers responded accordingly, jumping at every sound and the slightest turbulence (骚乱).
Floyd Dean - Shannon noticed a woman’s distress. As a flight attendant, he has plenty to do during a flight. But he stopped and spoke comfortingly to the woman. Floyd calmly explained what the noise was and that it was normal. As the woman began to calm down a bit, Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand. He told her she was safe. He made her feel safe. He sat with her through the entire flight. At one point, Floyd learned it was another passenger’s birthday, so he led the plane in a song to celebrate — another way of making the woman feel safe by distracting her from her fears. He stayed by the woman’s side until it was time to land.
We all have friends who become distressed, who over worry, who may struggle with some difficulties that keep them from enjoying life. Like Floyd, we can be open enough to see, and to be there. We don’t have to be professional counselors; we just need to be friends.
1. Why do some people feel fearful when on a flight?| A．They have a negative memory. | B．There are 25,000 flights at the same time. |
| C．There are more plane accidents than car accidents. | D．The speed and height make them feel helpless. |
| A．Anger. | B．Worry. | C．Surprise. | D．Sorrow. |
| A．Brave and sympathetic. | B．Ambitious and determined. |
| C．Patient and considerate. | D．Sensitive and modest. |
| A．Overcoming fear sometimes requires a patient friend | B．Why do we suddenly feel scared when flying |
| C．How should we deal with the sudden fear | D．Airline travel is much safer than car travel in America |
10 . The city of Phoenix and its surrounding areas are known as the Valley of the Sun and there are so many entry-level hiking trails for explorers in Phoenix. If you’re looking for a casual walk, check out one of these easy hiking trails in Phoenix.
Judith Tunnell Accessible Trail: This is a barrier free trail that makes it easy to get out and enjoy the beauty of South Mountain Park, which is a city park and preserve that boasts the title of largest municipal (市政的) park in the country. Hike along to enjoy the beautiful scenery and then stop to relax at one of the trail side benches.
Difficulty: Easiest
Distance: One - mile loop
Canal Trails: The canals throughout central Phoenix provide some of easy off – pavement hiking in the city. If you’ re just getting accustomed to walking over uneven dirt surfaces and aren’t quite ready to take on the ups and downs of many trail surfaces, the canal paths are for you.
Difficulty: Very easy
Distance: Varies
Trail 100 at North Mountain Park Visitor Center: This nice wide trail, part of the Phoenix Mountain Preserve, is popular with local hikers, runners, and mountain bikers, so be prepared to share the trail. The trail surface here is more uneven with casual ups and downs through desert washes.
Difficulty: Easy to moderate
Distance: About 2. 5 - mile loop
Papago Park: For a classic Phoenix experience, Papago Park is the answer. Depending on where you’re at in the park, you can catch views of the downtown Phoenix skyline, Tempe Town Lake, the Phoenix Zoo and historic Tovrea Castle.
Difficulty: Easy
Distance: 0. 2 mile.
1. Which might be the option for people liking mountain biking?| A．Canal Trails. | B．Papago Park. |
| C．Judith Tunnell Accessible Trail. | D．Trail 100 at North Mountain Park Visitor Center. |
| A．Their surface is very even. | B．They are friendly to beginners. |
| C．There are some benches along them. | D．They pass through a mix of desert landscapes. |
| A．In a fashion magazine. | B．In a science magazine. |
| C．In a travel brochure. | D．In a history book. |
