3 . 警察已经基于一定证据,开始对此案件进行调查。(launch) (汉译英）

5 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. appointments        B. friendly       C. address        D. consequences       E. urging             F. launched G. severely             H. debating        I. cover             J. touch                    K. implication

Let's wage a war on loneliness

Social isolation poses more health risks than obesity or smoking 15 cigarettes a day, according to research published by Brigham Young University. The     1     is that loneliness is a huge, if silent, risk factor.

Loneliness affects physical health in two ways. First, it produces stress hormones that can lead to many health problems. Second, people who live alone are less likely to go to the doctor     2    , to exercise or to eat a healthy diet.

Public health experts in many countries are     3     how to     4     widespread loneliness in our society. Last year Britain even appointed a minister for loneliness. "Feelings of loneliness     5     almost every one of us at some point," its minister for loneliness Baroness Barran said. "Loneliness can lead to very serious health     6     for individuals who become isolated and disconnected."

Barran     7     a "Let's Talk Loneliness" campaign that sparked difficult conversations across Britain. He is now supporting "     8     benches," which are public seating areas where people are encouraged to go and chat with ore another. The minister is also     9     that public transportation should be stopped from being cut in ways that leave people isolated.

More than one-fifth of adults in both the United States and Britain said in a 2018 survey that they often or always feel lonely. More than half of American adults are unmarried, and researchers have found that even among those who are married, 30% of relationships are     10     strained. A quarter of Americans now live alone, and as the song says, one is the loneliest number.

7 . Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Back in January, the Chinese tech giant Huawei grabbed the world's attention at the Consumer Electronics Show 2017 in Las Vegas. Richard Yu, the chief of the company's consumer division, said that Huawei shipped 139 million smartphones in 2016, an amazing number, although still far less than Samsung and Apple. More than half of Huawei's revenues come from outside China, making it one of only a few Chinese companies to have made the transition from a local business to a global brand.

What makes Huawei so successful? As with many great companies, part of the solution to this puzzle lies in the values that define the culture of the Chinese giant.

Many companies take customer-focused attitudes, but few of them truly live by it. Huawei distinguishes itself from its competitors in this regard. In an interview, Ren Zhengfei, founder and president of Huawei, mentioned an early episode in the company's history. In rural areas in China, rats often bit the telecom wires, destroying customers' connections. Multinational telecommunications companies providing service at that time did not consider this to be their problem, but rather that of the customers. Huawei, by contrast, thought it was their responsibility to solve the problem. In doing so, they developed chew-proof equipment and materials. Later on, the experience helped it gain several big orders in the Middle East, where similar problems exist.

Huawei emphasizes that the only way to obtain opportunities is through hard work. In the early years of the company, every new employee was given a blanket and a mattress. Many of them would work late into the night and then sleep in their offices. As one Huawei employee said, "The pads were to us a representation of hard work in the old days. This idea has now evolved into the spirit of trying to be the best in anything we do."

Ren and his company are also known for what they call "the power of thinking." Efforts are made to ensure regular intellectual exchanges. Executives are urged to read books outside their areas of expertise. Feedback is always invited across the company to improve ideas that will ultimately feed the vision of Huawei's future.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous (模糊不清的) and complicated route. We aim to be objective, but we cannot escape the context of our unique life experience. Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience, what we think our experiences mean, and the subsequent actions we take. Opportunities for misinterpretation, error, and self-deception are plentiful.

Consequently, discovery claims should be thought of as proto-science (原始科学). Similar to new mining claims, they are full of potential. But it takes collective examination and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery. This is the credibility process, through which the individual researcher's me, here, now becomes the community's anyone, anywhere, anytime. Objective knowledge is the goal, not the starting point.

Once a discovery claim becomes public, the discoverer receives intellectual credit. But, unlike with mining claims, the community takes control of what happens next. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process; other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes; and finally, the public (including other scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology. As a discovery claim works it through the community, the interaction and confrontation between shared and competing beliefs about the science and the technology involved transforms an individual's discovery claim into the community's credible discovery.

Two paradoxes exist throughout this credibility process. First, scientific work tends to focus on some aspect of common knowledge that is viewed as incomplete or incorrect. Little reward accompanies the copying and confirmation of what is already known and believed. The goal is new-search not re-search. Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation (驳斥) by future researchers. Second, novelty itself frequently provokes disbelief. Nobel Laureate and physiologist Albert Szent-Gyorgyi once described discovery as “seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought”. But thinking what nobody else has thought and telling others what they have missed may not change their views. Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.

In the end, credibility “happens” to a discovery claim — a process that corresponds to what philosopher Annette Baier has described as the commons of the mind. “We reason together, challenge, revise, and complete each other's reasoning and each other's conceptions of reasons.”

1. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires ________.

A．strict inspection	B．shared efforts
C．individual wisdom	D．persistent innovation

2. Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it ________.

A．has attracted the attention of the general public

B．has been frequently quoted by peer scientists

C．has received recognition from editors and reviewers

D．has been examined by the scientific community

3. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi would most likely agree that ________.

A．scientific claims will survive challenges

B．scientific work calls for a critical mind

C．efforts to make discoveries are justified

D．discoveries today inspire future research

4. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?

A．Novelty as an Engine of Scientific Development.

B．Collective Examination in Scientific Discovery.

C．Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science.

D．Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.

9 . Fait Diver: More Than Brief Stories

Every day, there are items in the news believed too minor to report at length. For these _________ stories, French newspapers of old had a solution: a section called fait divers: stories of a paragraph or a few   lines. These brief   stories were   typically   of some_________ or odd   occurrence: train accidents, lovers' quarrels, drownings, suicides. The fait divers remained a practical form, intended to convey a   story without _________ too much space, but it also developed into an art. In   French literature, it crossed the line from low to high culture and influenced the writing of _________ as varied as Stendha（司汤达）, Flauber（福楼拜）,     and Camus（加缪）, sometimes as the_________ inspiration for what later became a novel. _________ a version of it was present in American newspapers, it never quite caught on in the English press as a literary form.

Perhaps the finest flowering of fait divers was in the reports filed by the art critic Felix Feneon 1906. He gave the   form more wit, more emotional _________ and formal perfection, than it     had had before. In his hands, it became ironic, dark, and very funny. His collected fait divers, published in English as Novels in Three Lines, was a(n) _________ to me. It inspired me to undertake _________ projects. One was a sequence of fait divers set in contemporary Nigeria and__________ from   the newspapers there. The other was based on stories from New York City's newspapers in 1912: the New-York Tribune, the New York Herald, the New York Times. I called my projects small fates."   an   acknowledgment   that   so   many   of   these   stories   are __________ about   the   strange   workings of chance.

One   can go days in New York   without really thinking about how __________ these   streets once were by crowds of people, all of whom are now dead. I found in writing the small fates that these long-gone New Yorkers suddenly came back to the__________ tense when you are not even ready for   it. The fine   details made   their lives vivid and __________. They were no longer__________, and at times seemed even more real to me than the latter-day outside my window.

1.

A．curious

B．tiny

C．ridiculous

D．detailed

2.

A．tragedy

B．coincidence

C．imagination

D．thriller

3.

A．turning up

B．putting up

C．showing up

D．taking up

4.

A．images

B．imagination

C．figures

D．portraits

5.

A．motivative

B．sudden

C．original

D．weak

6.

A．Though

B．When

C．Since

D．Before

7.

A．expression

B．peace

C．health

D．discomfort

8.

A．identification

B．secret

C．appeal

D．approach

9.

A．a series of

B．a pair of

C．a collection of

D．a set of

10.

A．received

B．inspired

C．eliminated

D．drawn

11.

A．finally

B．accidentally

C．previously

D．unexpectedly

12.

A．fascinating

B．populated

C．brilliant

D．sophisticated

13.

A．previous

B．future

C．present

D．past

14.

A．believable

B．considerable

C．understandable

D．approachable

15.

A．deadly

B．lonely

C．lively

D．ghostly

10 . 看到员工们认真负责的态度和独具匠心的制作工艺，我突然明白这家老字号店铺为什么会经营几个世纪而经久不衰。（It）   （汉译英）