1 . Scientists have discovered how plants manage to live alongside each other in places that are dark and shady. Plants in the deep darkness of a thick forest, where natural supplies are not very great in amount, won’t attempt to top their neighbors in growth as those in moderate (中度的) shade do. In deep shade conditions, it would be a waste of energy and harmful to survival because green shoots would never be able to top their larger neighbors in growth.
So how do plants prevent such growth in deep shade conditions? The secret lies in the clocks insides them, say scientists from the John Ines Centre and the University of Bristol.
They have discovered that when plants notice deep shade, this changes the expression of genes parts of the circadian clock (昼夜节律时钟) — the inner daily timer found in plants and other things. These clock parts perform an additional role in preventing plants from lengthening and overtopping neighbors.
The work identifies a previously unknown role of the circadian clock in controlling plant development and the findings may have possible effects on both natural plant populations and crops. Professor Antony Dodd of the John Innes Centre said, “The biological clock of plants plays a big part in their development and fitness. This work casts new light on a new role of the circadian clock in adapting plants to competition with other plants in their environments.” “It also gives us new insights into how plants adapt to very deep shade, where resources are very limited,” said Professor Kerry Franklin at the University of Bristol.
This work provides evidence for the firmness of the circadian clock in stressful environments, and information that may be useful in developing new generations of crops in a challenging climate.
1. What do plants normally do in moderate shade?A.Struggle to preserve energy. | B.Compete for limited resources. |
C.Try to outgrow their neighbors. | D.Depend on each other to survive. |
A.By changing their gene expression. | B.By making them realize light change. |
C.By helping them adapt to the darkness. | D.By controlling their growth in deep shade. |
A.To share a new discovery about plants. | B.To introduce the role of the circadian clock. |
C.To explain plants secret of living in forests. | D.To compare plants living in certain condition. |
A.How plants face a challenging climate |
B.Why plants respond to different shade levels |
C.Why the circadian clock is vital to plants' growth |
D.How plants become good neighbors in times of stress |
2 . When I was growing up in Minnesota, Joe Versus the Volcano was one of my favorite movies. I
I had come
It wasn’t long before the airlines canceled all flights. When
For two days, I wandered
Like the people of La Palma, I
As I finally left, I realized how
A.seemed | B.pretended | C.refused | D.longed |
A.recording | B.checking | C.reporting | D.focusing |
A.guessed | B.realized | C.agreed | D.imagined |
A.excited | B.disappointed | C.prepared | D.confused |
A.rock | B.ash | C.lava | D.smoke |
A.covering | B.blocking | C.breaking | D.destroying |
A.managers | B.actors | C.tourists | D.residents |
A.driven | B.forgot | C.cleaned | D.missed |
A.broad | B.beautiful | C.empty | D.crowded |
A.panicked | B.satisfied | C.relaxed | D.inspired |
A.ability | B.chance | C.talent | D.right |
A.studying | B.noticing | C.writing | D.experiencing |
A.relied on | B.appealed to | C.dealt with | D.believed in |
A.lent | B.gave | C.sent | D.sold |
A.upset | B.smart | C.anxious | D.grateful |
3 . Most young people are always on their phones, which may upset many people.
Each teen spent at least an hour of one-on-one time with their oldsters. Based on their
Some of the oldsters actually wanted to take part in e-commerce (电子商务), and needed help to
In addition to arranging group lessons for all of the seniors to
The eighth graders earned their “Silver Award,, for their job. After experiencing the
A.Otherwise | B.Therefore | C.However | D.Besides |
A.service | B.praise | C.invitation | D.donation |
A.keep | B.untie | C.share | D.unlock |
A.technological | B.medical | C.psychological | D.physical |
A.record | B.teach | C.recall | D.investigate |
A.get back | B.set up | C.check out | D.pay off |
A.patience | B.luck | C.fun | D.trouble |
A.write | B.phone | C.text | D.read |
A.sweet | B.simple | C.rare | D.common |
A.play | B.live | C.talk | D.review |
A.amazed | B.experienced | C.confused | D.respected |
A.success | B.arrangement | C.change | D.pressure |
A.performances | B.clinics | C.clubs | D.competitions |
A.organized | B.managed | C.visited | D.funded |
A.needed | B.refused | C.enjoyed | D.deserved |
4 . Dutch artist Daan Roosegaarde’s latest project, GROW, involved installing (安装) thousands of blue, red and purple LED lights in a 2-hectare field of leek (韭菜) for both artistic and practical purposes. People driving by the town of Lelystad, in central Netherlands, at night, this time of year are treated to a fantastic sight—a 20,000 square meters field of leek glowing blue, red and purple. Thought up by Studio Roosegaarde, the unique artistic installation is designed both as an honor to Dutch farmers and as an inspiration for them to experiment with artificial light in outdoor farming. Daan Roosegaarde also wants GROW to send a hopeful light to people in these trying times, giving new meaning to the word “agriculture” as a living cultural artwork.
Nighttime ultraviolet (紫外线的) light has been used in glasshouse agriculture for a while now, especially in places where direct sunlight is scarce, but its use in outdoor fanning has so far been very limited. Ultraviolet light is known to help plants grow better, but Studio Roosegaarde is also testing a theory according to which certain wavelengths of ultraviolet light could reduce the need for pesticides by up to 50%.
“So we started to scan the plants with these wavelengths of light and then suddenly it started to dance, the light,” Daan Roosegaarde said. “You had these huge fields of fireflies, as if they were, and we were testing it and the magic started kicking in, so I think that’s when the worlds of science, art and design meet and enhance each other.” Solar-powered LEDs give ultraviolet light onto the leek plants, thus adding the effect of natural sunlight after sunset, and creating a wonderful sight at the same time.
GROW is currently only visible near Lelystad, but Roosegaarde plans to take the visually-impressive installation on the road to over 40 countries. Each country will have its own local or national crop and its own unique light recipe. Over the years, Studio Roosegaarde has created a number of fascinating installations, like the glow-in-the-dark bicycle path powered directly by the sun.
1. What does GROW probably refer to?A.A project creating artworks. | B.A project installing LED lights. |
C.A project producing pesticides. | D.A project building glasshouses. |
A.Sufficient. | B.Enough. |
C.Steady. | D.Lacking. |
A.What artistic effects were caused by the project |
B.Why the project GROW was conducted. |
C.How Roosegaarde’s design idea came up. |
D.How Roosegaarde’s theory was tested. |
A.It is promising. | B.It is pressing. |
C.It is challenging. | D.It is demanding. |
5 . The COVID-19 epidemic(新冠疫情)is sill spreading rapidly throughout the world. Luckily, it is under control in China with the efforts of our government and all the people. However, we should still be careful in our daily life. There’re some rules for us to follow.
1. Get vaccinated (打疫苗)
Since there’s still no special medicine to cure(治愈) COVID-19,
2. Wear masks(口罩)
People have been used to wearing masks since the epidemic broke out. It is summer now, maybe wearing masks in hot weather makes you feel uncomfortable. However,
So whenever you go out, don’t forget to put on your mask. You may look cooler with a mask on!
3. Wash your hands
4. Keep safe social distance(距离)
You’d better not go to crowded places. The summer vacation is beginning. If you have to go to the stores, movies, parties, supermarkets, etc, besides wearing masks, remember to keep social distance.
Anyway, take good care of yourself and live a safe and happy life!
A.Wash your hands as often as possible. |
B.But you have to pay! |
C.we don’t need to do anything about it. |
D.What’s more, it is free! |
E.Avoid getting too close to other people. |
F.the vaccine is the most important way to prevent it. |
G.it is till a good way to stop the virus(病毒)from spreading among people. |
Johnson lived alone in a small town, Salem. Once he suffered a minor stroke (中风). He didn't usually go outside of his home unless it was to get his favorite food: pizza. He only ordered from Domino’s Pizza, and due to him frequently ordering, the staff was well familiar with his name.
Although Johnson was a loyal customer, the staff had never heard his voice or seen is face. It was only the delivery drivers who caught a glance of the man. Many neighbors went on to say that he just liked to keep to himself.
The manager of Johnson’s local Domino’s Pizza, Mary, said that he was always so polite to the delivery staff. Throughout the seven years of him placing orders at and supporting the particular Domino’s store, there had never been a problem.
And so none of the employees at Johnson's local Domino’s seemed to notice anything unusual the first couple of days. However, this quickly changed when Mary realized that they hadn't had an order from Johnson in a while. Johnson was considered to be one of the branch's most loyal customers. It was unusual that Johnson hadn't ordered anything for more than 12 days. They felt something might be off. A member of the staff, Tom, was sent to Johnson’s house to see if they could notice anything unusual.
As Tom approached Johnson’s house, he was relieved to see that the lights were on. Johnson wasn't answering the door, even though the lights and TV were on in his room. Tom decided to knock once again and called him on his phone, but there was no answer. There was a horrible feeling in the pit of his stomach. Tom decided to call the police. After hearing the situation, the police arrived quickly. They knocked on the door just as Tom had, but there was no answer once again. Just then one of the officers heard a faint voice coming from inside of the home.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150词左右;
2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The voice was calling out for help.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________In the hospital, Johnson was getting better after the stroke.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________