1 . In a new blog post for the International Monetary Fund, four researchers presented their findings from a working paper that examines the current relationship between finance and tech as well as its potential future.

Gazing into their crystal ball, the researchers see the possibility of using the data from your browsing, search, and purchase history to create a more accurate mechanism for determining the credit rating of an individual or business. They believe that this approach could result in greater lending to borrowers who would potentially be denied by traditional financial institutions.

At its heart, the paper is trying to wrestle with the dawning notion that the institutional banking system is facing a serious threat from tech companies like Google, Facebook, and Apple. The researchers identify two key areas in which this is true: Tech companies have greater access to soft-information, and messaging platforms can take the place of the physical locations that banks rely on for meeting with customers.

The concept of using your web history to inform credit ratings is framed around the notion that lenders rely on hard-data that might hide the worthiness of a borrower or paint an unnecessarily bad picture during hard times. Citing soft-data points like "the type of browser and hardware used to access the internet, the history of online searches and purchases" that could be included in evaluating a borrower, the researchers believe that when a lender has a closer relationship with the potential client's history, they might be more willing to cut them some slack.

"Banks tend to cushion credit terms for their long-term customers during downturns," the paper's authors write. This is because they have a history and relationship with the customer.

The researchers acknowledge that there will be privacy and policy concerns related to including this kind of soft-data in credit analysis. Getting the soft-data points would probably require companies like Facebook and Apple to loosen up their standards on linking unencrypted information with individual accounts. How they might share information with other institutions would be its own can of worms.

1. What is the approach put forward by the researchers?

A．Replacing banks with soft information.	B．Lending money by predicting the future.
C．Determining credit ratings by web history.	D．Facing the threat posed by high-tech companies.

2. Why do they advocate the new way of rating the borrower’s credit?

A．Traditional finance refuse to lend money.

B．The new approach helps reduce burden on banks.

C．The type of hardware misleads the lender’s judgement.

D．Soft information better reflects the truth than hard data.

3. Which is the closest in meaning with the underlined phrase in Paragraph 4?

A．Be less strict.

B．Share interests.

C．Forgive others’ fault.

D．Cut a piece of bread.

4. What do the researchers worry about?

A．Banks will break up with customers.

B．High tech companies will be in a mess.

C．Sharing information may cause problems of privacy.

D．Competition between tech companies will be more fierce.

2 . NOT that long ago, the world wondered whether clean energy could survive without government support. Now the question is how far it can spread. The number of electric vehicles, which was about 1 million in 2015, last year reached 2 million. In electricity generation, too, trend is with the greens. In the first half of this year wind, solar and hydro generated a record 35% of Germany's power.

Greater success is breeding greater ambition. California is proposing to reach 60% renewable energy by 2030. 176 countries have clean-energy goals. Hawaii, America's most oil-dependent state, has promised to be 100% renewable by the middle of the century and so have 48 poor countries vulnerable to climate change. This week the number of multinationals making a commitment to running their operations on 100% renewable energy rose to 100.

But not every target is helpful. To see why, consider that goal of 100% renewable energy. It makes solving climate change seem easy. In fact, though wind and solar can generate the whole country's electricity some day, renewables still account for less than 8% of the world's total power output. Moreover, cleaning up electricity is only part of the battle. Even though gas-fired heating and cooking can be at least as big a source of greenhouse-gas emissions, renewable heating gets little attention. Transport policy is unpredictable, too. Carmakers may hit their goal of annual sales of 10 million electric vehicles in a decade, but battery-powered road transport, shipping and aviation are dreams. A much-quoted claim that America could rely on wind, solar and hydro alone for its electricity has recently been bitterly criticized by a group of respected academics.

Most importantly, a 100% renewables target confuses means with ends. The priority for the planet is to stop net emissions（净排放量）of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. Putting too much emphasis on wind, solar and other renewables may block off better carbon-reduction paths. New technologies, such as "direct air capture" systems designed to separate carbon dioxide from the air, may in time prove vital. Likewise, greater energy efficiency could reduce emissions by even more than using renewables would.

1. Why is Germany mentioned in Paragraph 1?

A．To introduce the topic.

B．To compare with the USA.

C．To prove the possibility of the 100% renewables target.

D．To provide a successful example of producing clean energy.

2. What picture is described in the beginning of the passage?

A．A tough fight against climate change.

B．A promising future of clean energy.

C．A huge market of electric vehicles.

D．A fierce competition between countries.

3. Why is every target not realistic according to Paragraph 3?

A．Car makers cannot produce enough batteries.

B．Use of traditional energies causes air pollution.

C．Wind and solar energy will never meet the needs of a country.

D．New energy doesn't receive its due attention in every aspect of society.

4. Which of the following does the writer probably agree with?

A．New energy plays a minor role in reality.

B．Energy efficiency is prior to using renewables.

C．Mxiing up means with purposes matters most.

D．The target of 100 renewables is too high to reach.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A custom may take generations to form, especially in terms of choosing symbolic food for a holiday. But eating birthday noodles in China for National Day is a new custom,    1     is quickly gaining popularity in China.

The Chinese have been eating and developing various kinds of noodles     2    thousands of years.     3     is a widely practiced custom for people     4    (enjoy) a bowl of noodles on their birthday as a symbol of longevity (长寿).Their family members may also have noodles to share the joy and express their blessing. National Day is     5    birthday of China, and people eat birthday noodles to show their best     6    (wish) for the motherland.

Many video bloggers and official accounts took the chance to     7     (proud) introduce their local noodles to the country and show people's enthusiasm for     8     (take) part in the activity. Before this year's National Day holiday, a new book with pictures, recipes and stories of 365 different noodles from across China     9    ( publish) by the People's   Publishing House. It also     10     (contain) more than 170 teaching videos to help readers make noodles.

4 . In high school, Dad got me to play rugby in the first place. I enjoyed throwing the ball around, but I didn't think I had what it _______ to play on a team. "You'll never know what you're capable of _______ you give it a try, Adam. " Dad told me. There was _______ a game where Dad wasn't on the sidelines, cheering me on.

Four years of efforts came down to my last game. I urged my dad to bring our _______

I _______ at my parents before the opening kick-off, and put on my game face. I grabbed at the clothes of an offensive player and _______ him to the field. A loud cheer came from the sidelines. There was Dad with the camera, cheering like crazy. My best _______ ever, a perfect end to my career.

I couldn't wait to _______ the moment again. I pressed Play—the two teams _______ before the game, and then, the sky and clouds! I could only hear my dad ________ "Way to go, Adam!" The truth was that he was crazily waving, too ________ to notice anything.

"I'm sorry,” he said, "I ________ to record you the whole game.   I sensed the ________ in his heart. I firmly answered. "It was your cheers that ________ my courage in that fierce rugby game. " During the ________ recording, I found the unforgettable tune of the game and my entire life.

1.

A．paid

B．took

C．gained

D．deserved

2.

A．as

B．although

C．if

D．unless

3.

A．rarely

B．definitely

C．constantly

D．usually

4.

A．uniform

B．album

C．camera

D．mask

5.

A．glared

B．waved

C．rushed

D．laughed

6.

A．accompanied

B．tricked

C．dragged

D．led

7.

A．kick

B．impact

C．behavior

D．performance

8.

A．detect

B．monitor

C．record

D．experience

9.

A．broke up

B．lined up

C．made up

D．shot up

10.

A．screaming

B．complaining

C．whispering

D．announcing

11.

A．ambitious

B．embarrassed

C．thrilled

D．curious

12.

A．failed

B．intended

C．managed

D．offered

13.

A．strength

B．confusion

C．guilt

D．relief

14.

A．fueled

B．exposed

C．decreased

D．tested

15.

A．improper

B．impractical

C．inaccurate

D．incomplete

5 . What brings you happiness?     1     Instead of just focusing on getting your wants, ifs much easier to find happiness by ridding yourself of the things that don't serve a beneficial purpose. Here are things you should let go of if you want to lead a happy life.

Pride isn't necessarily a terrible thing. It can bring you confidence and self-assurance, which are two great qualities that can help you lead a happy life.     2     It's essential to keep your pride in check and get rid of any overload that is no longer serving you.

    3     It often arises from judgment or criticism of yourself and other people. It causes unhappiness and becomes a burden on your life. As long as you are the most honest and authentic version of yourself, no one has the right to judge you for it and that goes for you, too.

When you think about addiction, you might think of alcohol or drug addiction. But there are countless other forms of addiction, too. You could be addicted to work, sugar, video games, drama, or even a harmful relationship.     4     If you want to be happier, think about dropping your addictions.

It's also important to recognize that leaving your comfort zone is a good, although often unwanted idea. If you never leave your comfort zone, you'll never grow. Even though something can make you feel uncomfortable at first, it will benefit you in the long run.     5    

A．If you're in this situation, you,ll be much happier.

B．Always keep in mind that self-doubt has no benefits.

C．Drop the belief that your past will always be better than the future.

D．Whatever your desire is, it will always be a barrier to your happiness.

E．Many people believe if they fulfilled their desires, they would be satisfied.

F．However, your extreme pride can ruin your personal and professional relationships.

G．Ultimately, you'll expand your horizons on who you can be and what you can achieve.

6 . 假定你是中学生李华, 你的美国好友Peter来信询问你们学校的校规,请给他写封回信告知 相关情况。内容包括：
1. 介绍校规（穿校服,按时上下学,不带手机等）;
2. 制定规章制度的意义；
3. 违反制度的后果。
注意:1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加情节, 以使行文连贯。
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7 . 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It's a funny and true experience. Now when Mike thinks of it, he laughs a lot, but when it happened , Mike was really frightened. He is going to tell it to you. Once when Mike was a child, maybe eight years old, he had a frightening experience. Mike thinks about it frequently. He was in his house with all his family. Mike cannot remember when it happened very well, but it was possibly at Christmas. They were going to have a big supper and Mike was very happy because he liked to eat a lot. Besides, Mike hadn't eaten for a long time. Therefore, he was starving. He became very angry, because Mike saw his mother and his aunt talking for a long time. This made him angry, because Mike didn't want to wait any longer. Moreover, it was time for having supper. Weren't they starving?

"Mother, what happened with the food?" Mike asked. Then she looked at him seriously and said, "You need more patience, my honey."

"Yes," Mike replied, "I see. I need to be patient. Nevertheless, I can't be patient today, because I am starving. "

Time passed, and finally dinner was on the table. The first dish was "puchero".   Puchero is one of his favorite dishes; this dish has chicken, rice, vegetables, and pork. Also, it's a very hot dish, so usually you need to wait at least half an hour before you start to eat. You can enjoy its taste better when it's not so hot. Nevertheless, when Mike saw it on the table, he got a spoon and started to eat quickly. In a moment, his face was red, and there was a strange feeling on his tongue. Mike had burned it. Immediately, Mike shouted in pain and his mother asked him, "What is the matter?"

"Mother, help me! I think my tongue is going to fall off! Send me to see the doctor. " Mike screamed crazily.

"Do not worry, my child. Your father is going to take you to the hospital, said his mother. Mike looked at his mother's face and he could tell she was concerned.

注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then his father and Mike went to the hospital

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Mike did it slowly. He looked at his tongue for a long time.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . The definition of community has evolved (升华)for me from childhood to the young adult I am now. My mom was born in America but both her parents were from the Bahamas. It was their culture to take care of the elderly and the sick. And my mom has taught me to be caring to those around us because we're all a part of the "community" , an extension of family.

When I was 9 years old, my family moved to Cape Coral, Florida. Both mom and dad worked full-time, so they registered me to attend an after-school program at the Youth Center. Youth counselors (辅导员) would help me with my homework and play games with me and this was where my interest took root. Community service started with me giving back at the Youth Center.

Then illness struck at home. My grandmother had to have heart surgery and needed hospital treatment. This experience brought me to volunteer at Cape Coral Hospital. I asked if I could learn from the nurse how to give my grandma her medicine and it started here.

I loved being at Cape Coral Hospital. I would bring paperwork to other doctors, bring food to the patients, and make sure the patients were attended. I would help direct visitors to see patients. I would always tell what would cheer the patients up because I had built a relationship with them and their loved ones. I grew to feel the hospital was a part of my community.

After volunteering at the Youth Center and at the Hospital, I've learned that people become sort of an extended family when you care about them. Now I am more considerate of those close to me, neighbors and even strangers who share my resources.

1. Who might be the first to expose the author to the sense of community?

A．Counselors at the Youth Center.

B．Nurses at Cape Coral Hospital.

C．Her grandparents.

D．Her mother.

2. Why did the author's parents send her to the Youth Center?

A．They were too busy to take care of her.

B．They wanted her to do community service.

C．The author couldn't finish her homework on her own.

D．Becoming a counselor was the author's childhood dream.

3. What did the author volunteer to do first at Cape Coral Hospital?

A．Cheer the patients up.

B．Bring food to the patients.

C．Help direct visitors to see patients.

D．Serve medicine to her grandmother.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．I Love Volunteering	B．Community Is Family
C．My Volunteer Experiences	D．My Community and My Family

9 . The UK's music festivals are world famous but there are plenty more to celebrate in the country.

Burns Night, Scotland

On 25 January, Scots celebrate the life and works of Scotland's national poet Robert Burns by holding a special Burns Supper. This can be a chance for friends to get together with a huge formal dinner. Guests take it in turn to recite Burns' poems or sing one of his songs.

Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales

For 10 days each May, the small town of Hay on-Wye on the edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales is filled with writers, filmmakers, musicians, and people who come to hear them talk and exchange ideas. The festival celebrates great writing of all genres (体裁) and it all takes place in a village in the town.

Camp Festival, Dorset

As a branch of a festival held in Dorset, it's one of the best family festivals in the UK Held every year in the grounds of the historic Lulworth Castle in Dorset, the festival includes top live music acts, but as the organizer say, “kids are king” at Camp Festival, with a wide variety of entertainment, workshops and fun for kids. The 2020 Camp Festival takes place from 25 to 28 July.

Guy Fawkes Day or “Bonfire Night”

All over the UK on 5 November, the British light bonfires and set off fireworks in their back gardens or, more commonly these days, at organized events in public parks. They celebrate the Catholic Guy Fawkes' failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament (议会院) on 5 November, 1605.

1. Which festivals are related to literature (文学)?

A．Hay Festival and Camp Festival.	B．Bums Night and Hay Festival.
C．Burs Night and Guy Fawkes Day.	D．Camp Festival and Guy Fawkes Day.

2. When does the festival most attractive to children take place?

A．In July.

B．In May.

C．In January.

D．In November.

3. What does Guy Fawkes Day celebrate?

A．An impressive building.	B．A successful adventure.
C．An organized game.	D．A historical event.