1 . Warm weather gets thousands of people to gather outdoors and celebrate for various events. Here are a few fun festivals that you should travel to see this summer.
Naadam(Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)
Naadam, also known as “the three games of men”, is the biggest traditional festival held in Ulaanbaatar, the Mongolian capital. Each July, men compete in Mongolian wrestling, horse racing and archery (射箭). Today, women also take part in the archery and girls in the horse racing.
Elvis Week(Memphis)
If moving your body to Blue Suede Shoes this summer sounds good to you, then head to Memphis for Elvis Week, usually held in August. Movies, special performances and the Ultimate Elvis Tribute Artist Contest are just a few activities to keep fans busy. The week of events is held to mark the anniversary (周年纪念日) of the death of Elvis Presley, the “King of Rock and Roll”.
Glastonbury Festival(Somerset, England)
Around 175, 000 people gather on a dairy farm in Somerset, England every year for the Glastonbury Festival. Famous bands and singers appear at the5-day music celebration. The ticket for the festival was £1 when the festival started in 1970, but today, full-weekend general tickets go for about£ 248.
World Bodypainting Festival(Klagenfurt, Austria)
During the annual World Bodypainting Festival in Austria, artists from as many as50 countries compete using a variety of techniques, including brushes, sponges and airbrushes. Alex Barendregt organized the first festival in 1998, when he was tasked with organizing a new summer event.
1. Where can we watch exciting competitions when attending the festival?| A．Memphis | B．Austria. | C．Mongolia. | D．England. |
| A．Elvis Week. | B．Naadam. |
| C．Glastonbury Festival. | D．World Bodypainting Festival. |
| A．Its setting is the downtown area. | B．It attracts dancers to perform there. |
| C．It is held to celebrate the farm’s harvest. | D．Its ticket price has greatly increased. |
2 . John Koh is one who finds joy in learning.
He graduated with a diploma (毕业文凭) in accounting in his youth, but after a decade in the industry, he decided to make a change. He took an undergraduate course in social work at the age of 33. He graduated in 2010 and went on to do a Master’s degree in social work in 2014.
His most recent educational attempt, which he took on last year, is a Master’s degree in gerontology.
Gerontology is the scientific study of old age, the process of aging, and the particular problems of old people. As the population in the United States continues to age, earning a degree in gerontology could be a good investment in one’s future. “It became more in demand in 2017,” he described. “I’d always been interested in it, but what motivated me to take on the Master’s program was when my wife started studying again. Watching her enjoy her studies gave me the desire to go back to studies too.” As an adult learner, John said, “When I started to study social work, I really enjoyed it because I already had work experience, plus I had been serving in the Dialect Service looking after the elderly. Whatever I was taught in school, I applied it to my work; whatever I learned at work, I related back to my studies. Work experience really benefits the learning.” John also noticed that his grades were a lot better when he was doing his Master’s degree, compared to his undergraduate studies.
As a passionate lifelong learner, John Koh believes communication with family members is another important thing. “Support is very important,” said John. “I told my daughter that Papa was studying and that on certain days I would have to focus on my tasks. It’s actually a good example for the next generation — that’s why my daughter likes to read too!”
1. What did finally encourage John to study gerontology?| A．His work experience of social work. | B．His wife’s taking pleasure in her studies. |
| C．The demand to support his large family. | D．The great future of gerontology research. |
| A．Difficult. | B．Stressful. | C．Enjoyable. | D．Special. |
| A．It is influenced by her father. | B．She is required by her teacher. |
| C．It is her duty to read every day. | D．She gets rewards from her father. |
| A．What Is Gerontology? | B．A Story of Lifelong Learning |
| C．The Aging Problem in the US | D．Benefits of Lifelong Learning |
3 . In Denmark, bicycling is one of the primary forms of transportation. In sunshine, rain and snow, you will see cyclists on their way to work, to the grocery store, or to social events. The bike is a Dane’s best friend.
Danish cycling culture is as old as the bicycle itself. Bikes were first introduced to the country in the 1880s, and during the 1920s and 1930s, the bicycle became a widespread symbol of equality and freedom. People of all social classes began biking side by side — in the cities on their way to work and in the countryside on their days off.
The increased economy development of the late 1950s saw some Danes replacing bikes with motorcycles and automobiles. Just like their colleagues around the world, Danish urban planners believed the future belonged to cars, trucks, and ever-wider highways. In the early 1970s, however, the Mideast oil crisis terminated that development. “Car Free Sundays” were introduced in Copenhagen, and movements demanding Copenhagen to become car-free took place. Over time, concerns about air pollution, climate change, and the need for people to get enough exercise have helped bicycles make a big comeback. Denmark’s heavy taxes on petrol and automobiles are a factor, too.
Today, cycling is an inseparable part of Danish culture. Newcomers who do not know how to cycle are encouraged to learn as soon as they arrive. Danish children usually learn to bike before they begin school at the age of six — and often much earlier. In school, children learn about traffic rules, road safety, and the importance of wearing a helmet as well as good cycling habits. Another choice for families with children is the cargo bike — a sort of oversized tricycle with a large wooden box on the front. It’s estimated that a quarter of all Copenhagen families with two or more children own one of these cargo bikes for transporting kids, groceries, and other necessities. Danish cargo bikes have also won design awards and become a Danish export success.
Commuting by bike is the fastest, easiest and most environmentally friendly way to get around the cities of Denmark. And the numbers speak for themselves: Residents who cycle in Copenhagen request 1.1 million fewer sick days. Cyclists reduce CO2 emissions by 20,000 tonnes a year on average.
1. What led to the popularity of bicycles in Denmark during the 1920s and 1930s?| A．The convenience of the bike. | B．The development of the economy. |
| C．The idea that the bike symbolizes. | D．The construction of wide highways. |
| A．Improved. | B．Permitted. | C．Ended. | D．restarted. |
| A．They are owned by about 25% families. |
| B．They are designed for practical use. |
| C．They are the national symbol of Denmark. |
| D．They are unpopular among local residents. |
| A．To prove the effectiveness of cycling. |
| B．To compare cycling with driving. |
| C．To show the popularity of cycling. |
| D．To conclude the financial benefits of cycling. |
4 . The idea that red means stop and green means go affects more than just traffic light colors in our lives. We have been taught from a young age that red means danger, while green means safety.
But why were those particular colors chosen for traffic lights? Before there were traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals for trains. At first, railroad companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go and green to mean caution. But train conductors ran into a problem with the color white meaning go — bright white could easily be mistaken for stars at night. Railway companies eventually moved to the color green for go. It’s been that way ever since.
Red is the color with the longest wavelength (波长). That means that as it travels through the air, it gets diffused (分散) less than other colors, so it can be seen from a greater distance. For a real-world example, think about how the light turns red as the sun sets. Even though the human eye is most sensitive to a yellowish-green highlighter color, it can see red from further away. But this could happen by chance. It’s not clear whether that was chosen based on wavelength, contrast against green nature or natural connection of red with things like blood. It could be a mix of all three!
Yellow has a shorter wavelength than red but a longer wavelength than green. This means that red is noticeable the furthest away, yellow in the middle and green the least distance away — a helpful advanced warning for needing to slow or stop.
However, believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because it was too hard to see a red sign in a poorly lit area. Eventually, highly reflective (反光的) materials were developed, and red stop signs were born. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school areas, some traffic signs and school buses continue to be painted the color. Keep these safe driving tips in the back of your mind whenever you see a yellow light.
1. What was the problem with white meaning go?| A．It could not be seen at night. | B．It was a color showing danger. |
| C．It was not popular at that time. | D．It could mislead train conductors. |
| A．Human eyes are most sensitive to red. |
| B．Red travels through the air fastest. |
| C．The sun changes its color as it sets. |
| D．Red has the longest wavelength. |
| A．It was used in limited areas. |
| B．It had been used as a stop sign. |
| C．It is hard to see without enough light. |
| D．It requires highly reflective materials. |
| A．To explain the choice of traffic light colors. |
| B．To spread the knowledge of colors. |
| C．To introduce the invention of traffic lights. |
| D．To increase people’s traffic awareness. |
1. 时间、地点；
2. 活动安排：爬山、野餐等；
3. 邀请他参加。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
1. How does the woman feel these days?
| A．Tired. | B．Bored. | C．Excited. |
| A．It offers a chance to run around. |
| B．He feels good when he wins a game. |
| C．It allows him to play in a team. |
| A．Play football. | B．Play basketball. | C．Jog. |
| A．They are doctors. | B．They are teachers. | C．They are students. |
| A．She saw a movie. |
| B．She went to her sister’s. |
| C．She watched a football game. |
1. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
| A．The changes of talk shows. |
| B．The ways of enjoying our lives. |
| C．The future of entertainment industry. |
| A．Having a live audience. |
| B．Doing video-chat interviews. |
| C．Inviting their family members. |
| A．He makes a pizza at home. | B．He chats with a pop star. | C．He plays with his kids. |
| A．Encouraged. | B．Disappointed. | C．Sympathetic. |
1. Why does Daniel value the watch so much?
| A．It is rare. | B．It is expensive. | C．It is meaningful to him. |
| A．Sara. | B．Peter’s aunt. | C．Daniel’s sister. |
1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
| A．Why Justine should take notes. |
| B．What Justine can do to improve her grades. |
| C．How to download materials from the Internet. |
| A．To find out the lecture notes. |
| B．To look for answers to her questions. |
| C．To download her homework after class. |
| A．Try to make a lecture herself. |
| B．Answer questions before class. |
| C．Read the book ahead of time. |
